Stanley Osher

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Stanley Joel Osher (born April 24, 1942 in Brooklyn ) is an American applied mathematician .

Stanley Osher 1968

life and work

Osher studied at Brooklyn College (bachelor's degree in 1962) and at New York University , where he made his master's degree in 1964 and received his doctorate in 1966 with Jacob Schwartz ( Similarity properties of certain Volterra operators on L p ([0,1]) ) . As a post-doc he was at Brookhaven National Laboratory . In 1968 he became Assistant Professor at the University of California, Berkeley , 1970 Associate Professor and 1975 Professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and has been Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) since 1977 . At UCLA he is involved in projects of the IPAM (Institute of Pure and Applied Mathematics) and at the CNSI (California Nanosystems Institute).

With James Sethian, Osher is a pioneer in the introduction of the level-set method for describing moving surfaces and fronts with applications in hydrodynamics , crystal growth and heat conduction, image processing and computer graphics, for example . His methods were used, for example, in tsunami simulations in computer-animated films. He also deals in general with numerical methods for hyperbolic partial differential equations , in particular approximation methods for hyperbolic conservation laws , and Hamilton-Jacobi equations, as well as techniques for image processing based on partial differential equations (such as total variation diminishing methods ). He also developed the Osher-Solomon method for the treatment of shock waves in numerical fluid mechanics .

In 1987, together with Ami Harten , Björn Engquist and Sukumar Chakravarthy, he developed ENO (Essentially Non Oscillatory) methods for the numerical solution of hyperbolic conservation laws.

In 1971 he was a Fulbright Fellow, 1971/72 Sloan Research Fellow and 1982 Fellow of the British Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC). He is a fellow of the American Mathematical Society . In 2002 he received the Computational Mechanics Award from the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. In 2003 he received the ICIAM Pioneer Prize from the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) and in 2005 the Kleinman Prize from SIAM. He has been a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2009, the National Academy of Sciences since 2005 and the National Academy of Engineering since 2018 . At the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in 2010 he was selected for a plenary lecture ( New algorithms in image science ) and in 1994 he was invited speaker at the ICM in Zurich (Subscale Capturing in Numerical Analysis). He is an honorary doctor of the Hong Kong Baptist University and the École normal supérieure in Cachan . For 2013 he was selected as John von Neumann Lecturer and in 2014 he received the Carl Friedrich Gauß Prize at the ICM in Seoul.

He is co-founder and president of Cognitech, Santa Monica, and in 1998 founded Level Set Systems. He was a consultant to NASA (whose Group Achievement Award he received in 1992), Schlumberger , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Rockwell International , among others .

Fonts

  • with Nikos Paragios (Ed.): Geometric level set methods in imaging, Vision, and graphics. Springer, New York NY et al. 2003, ISBN 0-387-95488-0 .
  • with Ronald Fedkiw: Level Set methods and dynamic implicit surfaces (= Applied Mathematical Sciences. 153). Springer, New York NY et al. 2003, ISBN 0-387-95482-1 .
  • with Aleka MacAdams, Joseph Teran : Crashing Waves, Awesome Explosions, Turbulent Smoke, and Beyond: Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computing in the Visual Effects Industry. In: Notices of the American Mathematical Society. Vol. 57, No. 5, 2010, pp. 614-623, ( online ).

literature

  • SY Cheng, Chi-Wang Shu, Tao Tang (Eds.): Recent advances in scientific computing and partial differential equations. International Conference on the Occasion of Stanley Osher's 60th Birthday, December 12-15, 2002, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong. Search Results (= Contemporary Mathematics. 330). American Mathematical Society, Providence RI 2003, ISBN 0-8218-3155-0 .
  • Ron Fedkiw, Guillermo Sapiro, Chi-Wang Shu (Eds.): Shock capturing, level sets and PDE based methods in computer vision and image processing - a review of Stanley Osher's contributions . In: Journal of Computational Physics. Vol. 185, No. 2, 2003, ISSN  0021-9991 , pp. 309-341, doi : 10.1016 / S0021-9991 (02) 00037-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stanley Osher in the Mathematics Genealogy Project (English)Template: MathGenealogyProject / Maintenance / id used
  2. ↑ Osher, James A. Sethian: Fronts propagating with curvature dependent speed: algorithms based on Hamilton-Jacobi Formulations. In: Journal of Computational Physics. Vol. 79, No. 1, 1988, pp. 12-49, doi : 10.1016 / 0021-9991 (88) 90002-2 .
  3. ↑ Tsunamis from the computer , Vasco Schmidt, Die Zeit, September 1999
  4. ↑ Amiram Harten (1947–1994), Israeli mathematician from Tel Aviv University, received his doctorate in 1974 from New York University under Peter Lax .
  5. ↑ Ami Harten, Bjorn Engquist, Stanley Osher, Sukumar R. Chakravarthy: Uniformly High Order Accurate Essentially Non-oscillatory Schemes, III. In: Journal of Computational Physics. Vol. 71, No. 2, 1987, pp. 231-303, doi : 10.1016 / 0021-9991 (87) 90031-3 .
personal data
SURNAME Osher, Stanley
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Osher, Stanley Joel (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH April 24, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH Brooklyn