Stone bridge (Schwaz)
Coordinates: 47 ° 20 ′ 42 " N , 11 ° 42 ′ 23" E
| Stone bridge | ||
|---|---|---|
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| use | Street | |
| Crossing of | Inn | |
| place | black | |
| construction | Girder bridge | |
| Number of openings | 3 | |
| building-costs | 420,000 shillings | |
| start of building | 1927 | |
| opening | May 19, 1928 | |
| planner | Clemens Holzmeister | |
| location | ||
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| Above sea level | 540 m above sea level A. | |
The stone bridge is a road bridge over the Inn in Schwaz in Tyrol . It connects the core city on the right with the parts on the left bank. A bridge at this point has existed since the 14th century, the current structure was built in 1927/1928 according to a design by Clemens Holzmeister , which is why it is sometimes also called the Clemens Holzmeister Bridge .
history
The first bridge over the Inn instead of a ferry was probably built in the 14th century. The bridge, which was built of wood until the 20th century, was regularly damaged or destroyed by floods and was heavily used by the Schwazer Bergbau wagons , so that it often had to be renewed.
From the beginning there were regular disputes between the monastery of St. Georgenberg and the Lords of Freundsberg over the maintenance of the bridge, which reached its climax around 1440. Wolfgang von Freundsberg († 1449) in particular was of the opinion that the monastery was responsible and wanted to force it to repair the bridge in part by force. Abbot Conrad III. In 1333, like some of his successors, had provided timber, wagons and carpenters for the bridge construction, but the monastery saw this as a voluntary service and not a legal obligation to maintain the bridge. The dispute had to be settled again and again by the sovereign or the bishop of Brixen .
Duke Friedrich V (as guardian of the young Siegmund Regent in Tyrol), ordered in 1440 that the bridge be temporarily repaired with funds from the Haller Saline until the dispute was resolved . Siegmund decided that a quarter of the costs each had to be paid by the monastery, the Hall salt works, the Schwaz mine and the Freundsberg district court. Abbot Benedikt Herschl reached a new regulation with Archduke Ferdinand Karl in 1650 , according to which the Pfannhausamt in Hall, the Schwazer Bergwerk and the Freundsberg Regional Court had to bear two sevenths each and the Georgenberg Abbey one seventh. This regulation was in effect until 1894.
For a long time, the main user of the bridge was the Schwaz mine. Around 1440, Wolfgang von Freundsberg had a meat bank built on the bridge. With the opening of the Lower Inn Valley Railway in 1858, the bridge gained importance as a connection between the train station on the left side of the Inn and the market.
In 1887/88 the last wooden bridge was built for 8,350 guilders . As early as 1909, a new bridge was discussed further north at the site of today's Barbara Bridge, which would have shortened the way from the city center to the train station. Two new bridges, as also considered, would have overwhelmed the finances at the time. In 1927/28, today's concrete bridge was finally built according to a design by Clemens Holzmeister , the costs of 420,000 Schilling were taken over in full by the city of Schwaz. In 1929, a second bridge over the Inn was built 500 m down the Inn, the initially wooden Barbara Bridge.
The demolition of the bridge planned by the SS in May 1945 could be prevented by defusing the explosive charge. It survived the major floods of 1964, 1986 and 2005 unscathed. In 1987 it was completely renovated.
Today's bridge
Today's bridge was built in 1927/28 based on a design by Clemens Holzmeister . The haunched girder bridge made of reinforced concrete has two river piers and a cantilever girder on the left and right bank of the river . In the middle there is a suspension bracket that is designed in the form of a Gerber bracket . The design is objective and reserved, only the two pillars are expressively emphasized.
A concrete shrine is integrated into the northern parapet. In the latticed niche there is a larger than life stone sculpture of St. Johannes Nepomuk , which was created in 1997 by Hartwig Karl Unterberger in reduced but naturalistic forms.
The bridge and the statue of Nepomuk are under monument protection .
Situation in the event of flooding and considerations for a new building
Due to its relatively low flow height and its distinctive bridge piers, the stone bridge promotes blockages when the Inn is flooding. The bridge therefore had to be closed several times for safety reasons as soon as the Inn had exceeded a critical water level. With excavators, which kept the alluvial wood away from the bridge piers, this has been prevented every time so far, but there are still considerations to demolish the old Holzmeister bridge and build a new one, despite the monument protection.
literature
- Thomas Naupp: The dispute over the Schwazer Inn Bridge dragged on for almost 600 years! In: Heimatblätter - Schwazer Kulturzeitschrift, No. 44 (2000), pp. 11–17 ( PDF; 2.9 MB )
Web links
- Steinbrücke / Clemens Holzmeister Bridge , streets, houses, places & points of interest, Silberstadt Schwaz
- Stone bridge. In: Structurae
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schwaz in old views. In: Heimatblätter - Schwazer Kulturzeitschrift, No. 40 (1999), p. 27 ( PDF; 5 MB )
- ↑ The rescuers of the Schwazer Steinbrücke mein district.at on May 16, 2015
- ^ Tafatsch, Wiesauer: road bridge, Inn bridge. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved January 12, 2017 .
- ↑ Bader, Wiesauer: wayside shrine with statue of St. Johannes Nepomuk. In: Tyrolean art register . Retrieved January 12, 2017 .
- ^ Voluntary fire brigade of the city of Schwaz: August 23, 2005 flood in Schwaz. August 15, 2008, accessed on June 13, 2019 (German).
- ↑ Voluntary fire brigade of the city of Schwaz: June 12th. Press release: Stone bridge in Schwaz closed. June 12, 2019, accessed on June 13, 2019 (German).
- ↑ Angela Dähling: The protected stone bridge in Schwaz is threatened with demolition. In: Tyrolean daily newspaper. May 21, 2019, accessed June 13, 2019 .