Stepan Pavlovich Ryabushinsky

Stepan Pavlovich Ryabushinsky

Stepan Pavlovich Rjabuschinski ( Russian Степан Павлович Рябушинский ; * 1874 in Moscow ; † 1942 in Milan ) was a Russian entrepreneur , banker , icon collector and patron .

Life

Ryabushinsky was the fourth son of the old-believing businessman Pavel Mikhailovich Ryabushinsky . His mother Alexandra Stepanovna was the daughter of the rich grain merchant Stepan Tarasowitsch Ovssjannikow, who was sentenced to loss of freedom in 1874 for setting fire to a competitor. Ryabushinsky graduated from the Moscow Academy of Applied Commerce. He then joined his father's company. In 1897 he married Anna Alexandrovna Pribylowa. 1900–1902 he had Fyodor Ossipowitsch Schechtel build a villa for himself in Moscow's Malaya Nikitskja Uliza 6 in the style of the Art Nouveau- based Moscow Modernism (today the Gorky Museum). From 1907 he published the newspaper Utro Rossiji (Russia's Morning) together with his brother Pawel .

S. P. Ryabushinsky Villa

Rjabuschinski was a partner in the banking house of the Ryabuschinski Brothers (1902–1912). The bank building was built in 1904 by Fyodor Ossipowitsch Schechtel. In 1912 the bank was replaced by the Moscow Bank , whose board of directors was then Ryabushinsky.

After the tolerance ukase of 1905 for the legalization of the Old Believers, Ryabushinsky began collecting icons. He bought icons in large numbers all over Russia and donated some to the Old Believers' churches. The icon of Our Lady of Smolensk, which after the restoration in 1812 could no longer be transferred from church to church, was given to the Old Believers' congregation at the Rogozhskoye Cemetery , in whose churches the most precious icons were located. By 1914 he had put together one of the best collections of icons in Moscow. To do this, he opened a restoration workshop. He also collected liturgical implements . He supported organizations involved in icon research and published articles himself. He was an honorary member of the Moscow Archaeological Institute.

In 1916, Ryabushinsky founded the first Russian automobile company, the Moscow Automobile Company (AMO), with his brothers Sergei and Vladimir and the entrepreneurs Alexander Wassiljewitsch Kuznetsov and Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Wtorow . Production was organized in such a way that it could easily be switched to the production of aircraft , especially since Ryabushinski's brother Dmitri had founded the first Russian aerodynamics institute.

During the February 1917 Revolution , Ryabushinsky was in the United States to order equipment for the AMO factory. He returned and after the October Revolution emigrated to Italy with his wife and two children Jelena and Boris .

After the October Revolution, Ryabushinski's icon collection was nationalized. The Tretyakov Gallery received 53 icons , and 128 icons were stored in the state museum fund. Part of this went to the State Historical Museum , while after 1928 parts of the rest went to the State Art Gallery in Perm , the Kuban Museum and the Antique Market. In 2009, the private icon museum House of Icons was opened in Moscow , which was renamed the S. P. Ryabushinsky House of Icons and Painting in 2012 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} СТЕПАН ПАВЛОВИЧ РЯБУШИНСКИЙ (accessed May 7, 2018).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Братья Рябушинские: Всё для дела - ничего для себя (accessed on May 6, 2018).
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Rodovid: Степан Павлович Рябушинский р. 1874 ум. 1942 (accessed May 7, 2018).
4. ↑ Платонов О .: 1000 лет русского предпринимательства . Moscow 1995.
5. ↑ Петров Ю. А .: Династия Рябушинских . Moscow 1997.
6. ↑ Музей предпринимателей, меценатов и благотворителей: РЯБУШИНСКИЕ - ЦЕЛАЯ ЭПОХА В ПРОМЫШЛИНОЙ (accessed May 1, 2018.
7. ↑ Ольга Никольская, Яна Зеленина: Дом Иконы на Спиридоновке и его коллекция . In: Журнал « Наше наследие » . 2011.