Sterculia

Sterculia
	Hildegardia cubensis
Systematics
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
	Rosids
	Eurosiden II
Order :	Mallow-like (Malvales)
Family :	Mallow family (Malvaceae)
Subfamily :	Sterculia
Scientific name
	Sterculioideae
	Beilschm.

The subfamily sterculioideae (Sterculioideae), also Stinkbaumgewächse called, now belong to the plant family of mallow (Malvaceae) in the order of Malvenartigen (Malvales). It contains twelve genera with around 400 species. The distribution is pantropical. The best-known genera in Central Europe are the stink trees ( Sterculia ) and cola trees ( Cola ).

description

Illustration from Blanco the Buddha Nut ( Pterygota alata )

The species are single-sexed ( mononically ). The inflorescences are lateral rods. There is no secondary chalice. The sepals are corolla-like. There are no petals. The stamens are fused. The carpels are largely free.

Systematics and distribution

Brachychiton acerifolius

Leaves z. Firmiana simplex in autumn colors

The type genus is Sterculia L. The first description in the rank of a subfamily Sterculioideae was made in 1833 by Carl Traugott Beilschmied in Flora 16 (Supplement 7), p. 86. For some authors, the publication of the name "Sterculidae" from 1835 by Gilbert Thomas Burnett in Outlines applies of Botany , 821, 1119 as first published.

The subfamily Sterculioideae contains about twelve genera with about 430 species since 2006. It used to contain many more genera, but these were incorporated differently. Previously this taxon had the rank of a family Sterculiaceae R. Salisbury nom. cons .; this family comprised many more genera and an estimated 1,000 species.

The distribution is pantropical.

There are about twelve genera:

Acropogon Schltr. : The approximately 22 species occur only in New Caledonia .

Bottle trees ( Brachychiton Schott & Endl. ): The approximately 31 species are common in Australia and New Guinea .

Cola trees ( Cola Schott & Endl. ): The maximum 100 species are common in tropical Africa ; best known of:
Cola ( Cola acuminata Schott & Endl. ): It occurs in Benin, Nigeria, Togo, Angola, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo .
Firmiana Marsili : The twelve species are distributed in Southeast Asia and on the Pacific islands.
Franciscodendron B. Hyland & Steenis : It contains only one species:
- Franciscodendron laurifolium (F. Muell.) B. Hyland & Steenis : It is common in Australia.
Heritiera Aiton : The approximately 35 species are distributed from tropical Africa, Madagascar to South Asia , one species in Cuba and one species in Australia, e.g. T. timber, including the mangrove trees :
- Heritiera littoralis Aiton : It thrives on the mangrove coasts of India and the western Pacific Ocean.
- Heritiera utilis (Sprague) Sprague : It thrives on the mangrove coasts of West Africa .
Hildegardia Schott & Endl. : Of the approximately twelve species, ten species are distributed from tropical Africa, Madagascar to South Asia, one species occurs in Cuba and one species in Australia.
Octolobus Welw. : The two to three types are common in Africa.
Pterocymbium R.Br. : The at least ten species are common in East Asia.
Pterygota Schott & Endl. : The approximately 20 species are distributed worldwide in the tropics, except Australia, including:
- Buddha nut ( Pterygota alata (Roxb.) R.Br. )
- Pterygota macrocarpa K.Schum. : From West and Central Africa
Scaphium Schott & Endl. : The ten or so species are common in Southeast Asia.
Stink trees ( Sterculia L. ): The 200 to 300 species distributed worldwide in the tropics, e.g. T. timber. Including:
- Sterculia khasiana Debb. ex Biswas

swell

The family of Malvaceae and even there the subfamily Sterculioideae in APWebsite. (Sections systematics and description)
The subfamily Sterculioideae on the Malvaceae website. (Section systematics)
Peter Wilkie, Alexandra Clark, R. Toby Pennington, Martin Cheek, Clemens Bayer, Chris C. Wilcock: Phylogenetic Relationships within the Subfamily Sterculioideae (Malvaceae / Sterculiaceae-Sterculieae) Using the Chloroplast Gene ndhF. In: Systematic Botany , Volume 31, Issue 1, 2006, pp. 160-70. doi : 10.1600 / 036364406775971714 (section systematics)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e The family of the Malvaceae and there also the subfamily of the Sterculioideae on the AP website.
↑ ^a ^b Sterculioideae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved June 18, 2017.
^ John H. Wiersema, Blanca León: World Economic Plants. CRC Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8493-2119-0 , pp. 82, 562.
↑ Sterculioideae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 18, 2017.

Web links

Commons : Sterculioideae - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[APWebsite-1] The family of the Malvaceae and there also the subfamily of the Sterculioideae on the AP website.

[Tropicos-2] Sterculioideae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Retrieved June 18, 2017.

[3] John H. Wiersema, Blanca León: World Economic Plants. CRC Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8493-2119-0 , pp. 82, 562.

[GRIN-4] Sterculioideae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 18, 2017.