Heritiera
Heritiera | ||||||||||||
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Heritiera littoralis , illustration by Blanco |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Heritiera | ||||||||||||
Aiton |
Heritiera is a genus in the subfamily of sterculioideae (Sterculioideae) within the family of the Malvaceae (Malvaceae). The approximately 35 species thrive in tropical areas of Asia , Africa and Australasia . The wood is usedby some species.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Heritiera species are trees or shrubs . Older trees usually have buttress roots . The above-ground parts of the plant are usually covered with star-shaped hairs ( trichomes ). The alternate leaves are usually stalked and have a simple or pinnately divided to compound blade. Mostly there are early falling stipples at the base of the petioles .
Generative characteristics
Many flowers stand together in lateral, zymose or paniculate inflorescences . The mostly unisexual flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold. The four to six sepals are fused bell-shaped or jug-shaped. There are no petals. There are 4 to 15 fused stamens in one or two circles . In the female there are three to five connected carpels and staminodes . Each carpel has only one ovule. The very short style ends in a very small scar.
The woody or leathery fruit has edges and does not open when ripe. The seeds have no endosperm .
Systematics
The genus Heritiera was founded in 1789 with the type species Heritiera littoralis Aiton by William Aiton in Hortus Kewensis; or, a catalog ... , 3, pp. 546-547. The generic name Heritiera honors the French botanist Charles Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle (1746–1800). Synonyms for Heritiera Aiton are: Argyrodendron F.Muell. , Tarrietia Blume , Sutherlandia J.F.Gmelin 1792 non R.Br. 1812.
There are around 35 species of Heritiera . Here is a selection of species:
- Heritiera albiflora (Ridley) Kosterm. : It was described from Borneo.
- Heritiera actinophylla (Bailey) Kosterm. (Syn .: Argyrodendron actinophyllum (Bailey) Edlin ): It was first described from Queensland.
- Heritiera angustata Pierre : It occurs in Hainan, Yunnan and Cambodia.
- Heritiera arafurensis Kosterm. : It was described from Indonesia.
- Heritiera aurea Kosterm. : It was described from Borneo.
- Heritiera borneensis (Merr.) Kosterm. (Syn .: Tarrietia borneensis Merr. ): It occurs in Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore.
- Heritiera elata Ridley : She was described from the Malay Peninsula.
- Heritiera fomes Buch.-Ham. : It occurs in India , Thailand and Myanmar .
- Heritiera globosa Kosterm. : It occurs in Malaysia and Indonesia .
- Heritiera javanica (flower) Kosterm. : It occurs in Indochina , Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines .
- Heritiera kanikensis Banerjee & Majumdar : It was described from India.
- Heritiera littoralis Aiton : It grows on the mangrove coasts of India and the western Pacific Ocean of China, Taiwan, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar; Micronesia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga and Australia.
- Heritiera longipetiolata Kaneh. : This endemic occurs only on the Mariana island of Tinian .
- Heritiera macrophylla Wall. ex Brief : It was described from India and Myanmar.
- Heritiera novoguineensis Kosterm. : It was described from New Guinea.
- Heritiera ornithocephala Kosterm. : It occurs in Tonga, Niue and Fiji.
- Heritiera parvifolia Merr. : It occurs in southern Hainan, India, Myanmar and Thailand.
- Heritiera simplicifolia (Masters) Kosterm. : It occurs in Malaysia and Indonesia.
- Heritiera sumatrana (Miq.) Kosterm. (Syn .: Tarrietia sumatrana Miq. ): It occurs in Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand.
- Heritiera sylvatica S.Vidal : It was described by the Philippines.
- Heritiera trifoliolata (F. Muell.) Kosterm. (Syn .: Argyrodendron trifoliolatum F. Muell. ): It occurs in New South Wales and Queensland.
- Heritiera utilis (Sprague) Sprague (Syn .: Tarrietia utilis (Sprague) Sprague , Triplochiton utile Sprague ): It grows on the mangrove coasts of West Africa from Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Sierra Leone to Gabon.
photos
The mangrove plant Heritiera littoralis :
swell
- Ya Tang, Michael G. Gilbert, Laurence J. Dorr: Sterculiaceae : Heritiera , p. 312 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 12: Hippocastanaceae through Theaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2007, ISBN 978-1-930723-64-1 . (Sections Description, Distribution and Systematics)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Use of wood for some species.
- ↑ Heritiera at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Heritiera in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ a b Ya Tang, Michael G. Gilbert, Laurence J. Dorr: Heritiera Aiton - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 12: Sterculiaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2007, ISBN 978-1-930723-64-1 .