Strasbourg-Neuhof
Neuhof is one of the 14 districts ( district ) of the capital of the East of France located region Alsace , Strasbourg .
geography
Neuhof is 4 km from downtown Strasbourg. 19,658 inhabitants live in Neuhof, roughly the same as in the Alsatian town of Sélestat . Large parts of the district are now considered to be a social hotspot : In Neuhof, 13,000 out of 20,000 live in large , prefabricated housing estates , so-called Cités . Many apartment towers in Neuhof are sprayed with graffiti and smeared with names. Plaster is crumbling on the barred ground floors.
history
The New Patriotic History reports of a large flood as a result of persistent rainy weather on January 10, 1802, subsequent snowfall and earthquake in the region, which would have affected numerous communities in the vicinity, including Neuhof. Seven people drowned, 118 horses, 345 head of cattle, 113 calves, 353 pigs and 721 mutton. 29 houses collapsed, around 200 others were badly damaged.
In 1825, the former master carpenter in Strasbourg, Philipp Jacob Wurtz, founded an "educational institution for poor, neglected children" "on the Neuhof" near Strasbourg. The school opened in June of that year with 12 children.
In 1853 the number of pupils of both sexes was 92. In the first 26 years of its existence, 291 pupils were admitted. “The Neuhof has become widely famous through this establishment,” says the messages from the history of the Evangelical Church in Alsace .
- Although the Neuhofanstalt had its house service, which foreigners could also attend, one main thing still remained to be desired for this community, which is more than an hour away from the city. There was a lack of regular church services in the village itself and pastoral care. More precise spiritual supervision could not take place where everyone was free to adhere to this or that of the seven evangelical city churches, or to choose any of the city clergymen as confessor.
In the course of the 19th century, the industrialization of the previously agricultural village of Neuhof began. Grain mills, tobacco factories, laundries, dye works, hemp mills, tanneries, chicory factories and glue factories were established one after the other. Between 1812 and 1900 the population increased from 1000 to 3000 inhabitants. In the middle of the 19th century, two churches - today's Église Protestante de Neuhof and the Catholic Église Saint-Ignace de Strasbourg - and two schools were built, making Neuhof a full-fledged district of Strasbourg. On May 2, 1851, the Neuhof was raised to an independent Protestant parish , with the Neudorf branch . Church elders were now elected as required by law, and on Sunday, September 14, 1851, the inauguration of the new church and the introduction of the first pastor, Eugen Ehrhardt, was celebrated.
In 1910, the garden town of Stockfeld with 450 apartments was built in the south of the former village . First of all, those inner city residents whose apartments had been destroyed by the construction of the ring road ( Grande-Percée ) found a new home here . In 1930 the construction of the garden city with the Cité Ribot was completed, which comprises 250 residential units.
Between 1950 and 1972, 4,000 apartments were finally built in large housing estates in the polygons in the north of the district. The Neuhof doubled its population and the character of the district changed permanently: Since then, the Neuhof has had the largest concentration of social housing ( HLM - habitation à loyer modéré ) in the greater Strasbourg area. Extensive renovation measures have been taking place in the Neuhof since 2001.
As early as 1885, some stretches of the Strasbourg tram to the districts of Königshofen, Robertsau, Neuhof and Wolfisheim were opened. The city council under Mayor Pierre Pflimlin decided on November 26, 1979 to build a light rail. Two routes were planned that would start in the south - in Illkirch-Graffenstaden and Neuhof - and merge into a main route at the Place de l'Étoile station . The main line was to cross the city center largely underground. The plan was to build a 1,300 m long tunnel with three stations including the Gare Centrale terminus . The full opening of the plant was planned for July 1986. In 2007, several new stretches of the Strasbourg tram through Neudorf and Neuhof were put into operation.
The Eurocorps , set up in Strasbourg in 1992 , is housed in the three Neuhofer Quartiers Aubert de Vincelles , Lizé and Lyautey , a former hospital location. The Eurocorps is primarily a military headquarters that consists of a staff with support units with around a thousand servants. French, Germans, Spaniards and Belgians each make up a quarter of the staff. In the event of a crisis, the corps can also provide combat troops: a total of 60,000 soldiers. In 1907 the first barracks were opened in Neuhof, the "New Field Artillery Barracks" in the north of the district. After Alsace returned to France in 1918, the barracks were renamed Quartier Lizé . The northern part of the site became the Lyautey quarter in 1933, and a military hospital was located here between 1945 and 1996. The western part housed the Institut universitaire de Formation des maîtres . In 1913, another barracks was built in the east of the district on the edge of the Polygone airfield , which was originally intended to house the Air Battalion No. 4; after 1918 it was first called Caserne Guynemer , then Quartier Aubert de Vincelles , and the General Staff has been located there since 1993 of the Eurocorps.
The Neuhof district of Strasbourg is notorious for riots on New Year's Eve: At the beginning of January 2001, rows of cars were set on fire in Neuhof, as elsewhere in Strasbourg. For the greater Strasbourg area there is talk of 1,260 cars that are said to have gone up in smoke. The first violent clashes occurred there at the beginning of April 2009 because of the NATO summit. On the eve of the summit, clashes broke out when 600 NATO opponents fought a street battle with the police.
Well-known people from Neuhof
- Georg Bertsch (born March 13, 1874 in Niederhausbergen ; † September 22, 1938 in Strasbourg), Protestant clergyman and theologian in Alsace and Lorraine , 1914–1919 pastor in Rappoltsweiler , 1919–1923 clergy of the Evangelical Society, 1923–1938 householder of the Neuhof -Anstalt and from 1925–1938 pastor of Mittelhausen with residence on the Neuhof
- Carl Theodor Krafft (born May 12, 1814, son of Philipp Jakob Krafft; † January 21, 1877), director of the institution, studied to become a teacher in Strasbourg, seminarist from November 9, 1832, resigned in 1836, collaborator in Strasbourg, teacher in Allenweiler in 1839 , 1842 in Neuhof, 1847 director of the orphanage there
- Theodor Krafft (born December 25, 1851 in Neuhof), Protestant clergyman and theologian in Alsace and Lorraine
- Philipp Jacob Wurtz (born October 19, 1745 in Strasbourg, † June 23, 1828 in Neuhof), main donor of the rescue facility for abandoned children on the Neuhof
- Jonathan Schmid (* 1990 in Strasbourg), French-Austrian soccer player, grew up in Neuhof
literature
- Charles Cuvier: Notice historique sur l'Établissement du Neuhof, depuis son origine en 1825 jusqu'en 1837 . Silbermann G., Strasbourg 1837
- Various authors: Neuhof, un village aux portes de Strasbourg: Son âme, ses souvenirs, ses réalisations . Editions Coprur, Strasbourg 1996, ISBN 2-84208-011-4
- Rodolphe Reuss: History of the Neuhof near Strasbourg . Strasbourg 1884
- Théodore Rieger, Gilbert Bronner, Léon Daul and Louis Ludes: Les faubourgs de Strasbourg: De la Belle Époque aux Années Folles . G4J 2003 ISBN 2-913468-20-9
- Georges Henri Schwenk: Les faubourgs sud de Strasbourg vers 1900: Neudorf-Meinau-Neuhof-Stockfeld . Le Verger, Illkirch-Graffenstaden 1989 (old postcards)
- Johann Gottfried Braun: "The establishment at Neuhof near Strasbourg", in: Travel report on educational, didactic and agricultural conditions in southern and western Germany, Switzerland, etc. Dresden and Leipzig 1845, p. 44 ff.
- In memory of Dr. Eduard Reuss, professor of theology at the University of Strasbourg. Speeches given at his funeral [Kirchhof zu Neuhof], April 17, 1891.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Friese, Johannes: New patriotic history of the city of Strasbourg, and of the former Alsace, Strasbourg 1802, p. 440 f.
- ↑ In detail: Wichern, Johann Hinrich: "Rescue house on the Neuhof near Strasbourg", in: Mittheilungen about efforts, associations, events, etc. belonging to the field of inner mission to lift the emergency situation within Christendom - flying leaves from the rough house zu Horn near Hamburg, Hamburg 1845, pp. 100-106.
- ↑ Communications from the history of the Evangelical Church of Alsace, 2nd volume, Paris, Strasbourg 1855, p. 401.
- ↑ www.deutschesheer.de .
- ↑ Who torches best? on Friday , January 25, 2002.
- ^ Badische Zeitung of April 2, 2009.