Galați tram
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| Basic information | |
| Country | Romania |
| city | Galați |
| opening | August 14, 1900 |
| electrification | since opening |
| operator | Transurb Galați |
| Infrastructure | |
| Route length | 20.4 km |
| Gauge | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Power system | 750 volt DC overhead line |
| Stops | 34 |
| Depots | 2 |
| business | |
| Lines | 9 |
| Line length | 60 km |
| Cruising speed | 13.2 km / h |
| vehicles | 62 |
| Top speed | 50 km / h |
| statistics | |
| Passengers | 11.6 million per year |
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The Galați tram is the tram system of the eastern Romanian city of Galați (German: Galatz ) near the Ukrainian and Moldovan borders. It represents the backbone of local public transport . The standard gauge network is 20.4 kilometers long and is one of the longer tram networks in Romania. It has been partially renovated in the recent past. In addition to buses, two trolleybus routes also operate in Galați .
history
The history of the Galați tram begins with the establishment of the Societé anonyme d'exploitation des tramways de Galatz et de Roumanie by Belgian shareholders on September 22, 1895. In 1900, this company was granted the concession to operate the tram in Galați. The concession included the construction of five electric tram lines with a gauge of 1000 millimeters, with old Phoenix rails, points with adjusting weights, with a total track length of 26.5 kilometers on the following routes: CFR station ↔ docks, Großer Platz (ro: Piaţa Mare) ↔ Fileşti Tunnel, Brăilei Street, Palace of the European Danube Commission ↔ City Park, Tecuci Street.
The first tram line went into operation on August 14, 1900. The route of the first route was as follows: from the depot along the Portului, Ana Ipătescu, Dogăriei, Tecuci, Nicolae Bălcescu, Brăilei, Mihai Bravu and Traian streets. The depot was located at 8 Gării Street. Today the site is used by the electricity company.
The operating facilities included tracks, overhead lines, a power station, a tram depot and an administration building. All of this took up an area of 4620 square meters and the land belonged to the city. The depot had six sidings on a floor space of 830 square meters. Six wagons could be parked on each. Under the tracks there were work pits that were used to check the wagons and to dismantle and repair the axles, motors and wheels.
The fleet consisted of 18 railcars and 18 sidecars . Each railcar had two axles and an engine with an output of 30 hp and two braking systems. The railcars had 24 seats on two benches, and the sidecars had six benches with two seats each. The cars had lighting for night driving and in winter they were fitted with removable window panes.
The rails were laid in a ballast bed. The catenary masts were made of metal and the contact wire was divided into sections to facilitate repairs in the event of damage.
Between January 1917 and June 1919, there were no trams in Galați due to the First World War .
In 1925, the first buses ran in Galați on a private initiative. In 1931 the Uzinele Comunale Galați (German: Stadtwerke Galatz) took over the public transport with both buses and trams. The tram fleet now consisted of 19 new cars built by the Galați shipyard.
Since 1944 the city has had no local electric transport. In 1948, traffic was resumed from the Întreprinderea Comunală Galați (ICG) (German: Municipal Company Galatz). There were only seven trams available, which had been made operational again after the tram was destroyed by World War II. By 1956 the fleet had grown to 45 tram cars and 11 sidecars.
In 1962, the Întreprinderea de Transport Orăşenesc Galați (ITO) (de: Municipal Transport Company Galatz) took over the management. The fleet now comprised 55 tram cars. In the 1960s, the city experienced an economic boom with the construction of a huge steel mill for 30,000 workers west of the city. In order to handle the traffic between the city and the steelworks, the first standard-gauge tram was built from the steelworks to the Tiglina 3 district. It was opened in 1971. Since then, trams have run through the city on two gauges. By 1975, the remaining meter gauge lines were gradually converted to standard gauge. From 1981 shift traffic to the steelworks was carried out with three-car trains from T3R and Timis 2. To this day, the city of Galati and the tram operation live mainly in the rhythm of the steelworks shift times. Outside of the shift change times, the timetables are very thin on the daily lines.
A new depot was built in the IC Frimu district, on the site of Gala Flugi's first aircraft hangar, which was isolated by the city's old airport and surrounded by houses. The hangar still exists today with a different use.
In November 1979 the Întreprinderea Județeană de Transport Local (IJTL) (de: local transport company of the district) was founded, which also exists in the present under the name SC Transurb SA . At that time it had 170 tram cars, 55 of them sidecars, and the rail network now comprised 32.8 kilometers of track. A new depot for 50 trams was opened.
After 1980, the network was expanded to a track length of 33.8 kilometers, of which 9 kilometers were built in a modern construction with longitudinal sleepers made of reinforced concrete. New lines have been built on June 13th Street, Scânteii Street, between Siderurgiștilor and Gheorge Asachi, and on George Coșbuc Boulevard between Piersicului and Basarabiei, on Suliței Street and Ștefan cel Mare Street. The tram became the main form of public transport during this period. In addition, they began to be used for freight transport. Special freight trams transported vegetables and fruit from the ILF warehouse (Întreprinderea de Legume și Fructe) on Prutului Way to the Great Square (Romanian: Piaţa Mare). Three substations went into operation: at the Combinat Osttor, in the north of the city and at the train station. At that time, the No. 1 depot was enlarged to double the maintenance capacity. In addition, a new depot for 100 trams was built in the north of the city.
The operator's name changed on January 11, 1991 from IJTL to RATU, which in turn became Transurb SA in 1998.
Recent developments
Both after the revolution and in the present, electric local transport in Romania is suffering from the fact that lines and entire tram and trolleybus networks have been shut down by political decision-makers. In Galați the situation was not more pleasant, between 1990 and 2011 the tram network gradually shrank. The routes on Traian Boulevard, Coșbuc Boulevard, Bucovinei Street, Ana Ipătescu Street and Portului Street have been closed. The route between the Combinat Nordtor and Combinat Osttor (today: Arcelor Mittal) has been preserved, but is currently not passable.
A light rail project could expand the network from the Combinat Nordtor to the municipality of Smârdan. After the revolution, Galați missed the chance to expand the tram network to Brăila and to unite it with the local network . The connection was planned as a light rail with a design speed of 120 kilometers per hour. Although it has shrunk considerably, the tram network in Galați is currently being completely renewed. The route on Basarabiei Boulevard between Energiei Square and Domnească Street has already been modernized. In the period from March 12, 2012 to October 12, 2013, the routes on the Oțelarilor, Stadionului, Frunzei and Asachi streets are to be renewed.
Line network
Today's lines
The tram network has shrunk considerably since 1990, at times there was talk of the complete shutdown of the tram in Galați.
In 2012, there were nine tram lines in Gala .i. Of these, however, only four were operated all day, the remaining five only operated with individual trips in the morning and in the afternoon to change shifts in the steelworks.
All day operation:
- Line 7 : Stadionul Otelul - IC Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Piața Centrală
- Line 8 : Piața Centrală - Bd.Basarabiei - Calea Prutului - Bazinul Nou *
- Line 39 : Stadionul Otelul - Piața Energiei - Micro 39 - Patinuar - Bd. Coșbuc - Bd. Ștefan cel Mare - Cimitir Israelit.
- Line 44 : Comat - Micro 39 - Bd. Basarabiei - Piata Centrală
Only single trips to change the shift of the steel mill:
- Line 5 : Stadionul Otelul - IC Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Calea Prutului - Bazinul Nou *
- Line 6 : Bazinul Nou - Calea Prutului - Bd. Basarabiei - Piața Energiei - Arcelor Mittal
- Line 36 : Comat - Micro 39 - Bd. Basarabiei - Gara CFR
- Line 42 : Bazinul Nou - Calea Prutului - Bd.Basarabiei - Micro 39 - Comat *
- Line 46 : IC Frimu - Piața Energiei - Arcelor Mittal
* Due to track construction work in the Bazinul Nou area, lines 5, 8 and 42 have been operating on the rail replacement service since April 16, 2013 .
In the meantime the tram network has shrunk further, in 2019 only three lines will be in use:
- Line 7: Micro 19 - Piata Centrală
- Line 39: Micro 19 - Cimitir Israelit
- Line 44: Comat - Piata Centrală
The scheduled service to Arcelor Mittal was discontinued in 2018. The track systems are currently (as of 2019) still completely in place.
Former lines
- Line 1 : Kaufland 2 - Micro 39 - Micro 40 - Piața Energiei - Combinatul Siderurgic.
- Line 2: Gara CFR - Cerealelor - Traian - Bucovinei - Bd. Coșbuc - IC Frimu
- Line 3 : Micro 19 - Flora - Ireg - Piața Energiei - Combinatul Siderurgic.
- Line 6b (= dashed line ): Piața Centrală - Bd. Basarabiei - Piața Energiei - Combinatul Siderurgic
- Line 37 : Micro 19 - Flora - Ireg - IC Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Gara CFR
- Line 38: Gara CFR - Bd.Basarabiei - IC Frimu - Piața Energiei - Viaduct - Combinat
- Line 39b (= dashed line): Micro 19 - Flora - Ireg - Piața Energiei - Micro 39 - Patinuar - Bd. Coșbuc - Bariera Traian.
- Line 40 : Micro 19 - Flora - Ireg - Piața Energiei - Micro 39 - Kaufland 2.
- Line 41 : Micro 40 - Piața Energiei - Combinatul Siderurgic.
- Line 43 : Liceul Auto - Stadionul Oțelul - Ireg - Piața Energiei - Combinatul Siderurgic.
- Line 45: Bariera Traian - Bd. Traian - Bd. Basarabiei - Gara CFR
- Line 47: Piața Centrală - Bd. Traian - Bariera Traian - Depozit - Piața Energiei - IREG - Flora - Micro 19 - Flora - IREG - IC Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Piața Centrală
- Line 48: Poarta N. Combinat - Poarta E. Combinat - Piața Energiei - Depozit - Bd. Coşbuc - IC Frimu - Piața Energiei - Poarta E. Combinat - Poarta N. Combinat
- Line 49: Poarta N. Combinat - Poarta Est Combinat - Piața Energiei - IC Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Depozit - Piața Energiei - Poarta E. Combinat - Poarta N. Combinat
- Line 50: Micro 19 - Flora - IC Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Gara CFR - Palatul Navigației
- Line 51: Bariera Traian - Bd. Traian - Bd. Basarabiei - Bazinul Nou
- Line 52: Bazinul Nou - Basarabiei Bd. - IC Frimu - IREG - Liceul Auto - Oțelul Stadium
- Line 53: Poarta Est Combinat - Poarta Nord Combinat
- Line 54: Stadionul Oțelul - Ireg -Piața Energiei - Micro 40 - Patinoar - Str.Bucovinei - Spitalul Militar - Piața Centrală
- Line 55: Stadionul Oțelul - IREG - Piața Energiei - Micro 40 - COMAT
- Line 56: Cimitirul Israelit - Bd. Coșbuc - Depozit - Micro 40 - IC Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Gara CFR
- Line 57: Micro 19 - Flora - IC. Frimu - Bd. Basarabiei - Bd. Coșbuc - Cimitirul Israelit
- Line 61: Bazinul Nou - Bd. Basarabiei - IC Frimu
- Line 62: Bazinul Nou - Basarabiei Bd. - Cerealelor - Traian Bd. - Bucovinei St. - Coşbuc Bd. - Depozit
- Line 63: Piața Centrală - Bd. Traian - Bd. Basarabiei - IC Frimu - Micro 40
Fleet
The Galați tram fleet comprises a total of 53 cars. In detail these are:
- 26 Tatra KT4 D, taken over by the Berlin tram and the Magdeburg tram
- 2 Duewag type L trains consisting of railcars and sidecars, taken over from Frankfurt am Main
- 25 Duewag / Holec ZGT6, taken over from Rotterdam .
Timiș 2 trains manufactured in Romania have stopped running since 1998. The tram Galați was assigned a total of 71 sets of this series between 1978 and 1982, some of them also ran as three-car trains with one railcar and two sidecars. The Tatra wagons from Dresden and Magdeburg, like the former Duewag trains from Frankfurt, have not been in scheduled use since 2013, since a total of 27 ZGT6s from Rotterdam came to Galați. The scheduled operation is carried out with ZGT6 and Berlin KT4D.
In 2018, Astra Vagoane ordered eight new low-floor vehicles, with an option for a total of up to 18 vehicles.
literature
- A. Günther, S. Tarkhov, C. Blank: Tram atlas Romania 2004 . Working group Blickpunkt Straßenbahn e. V., Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-926524-23-5 .
Web links
- Operator's website (Romanian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Past ( ro ) Transurb Galați SA. Archived from the original on October 24, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
- ^ Lines ( ro ) Transurb Galaţi SA. Archived from the original on October 15, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 11, 2012.
- ↑ Program Circulaţie. Retrieved November 7, 2019 (ro-RO).
- ^ Vehicle fleet ( ro ) Transurb Galaţi SA. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
- ↑ Anca Melinte: UPDATE | Galaţiul va avea TRAMVAIE NOI, făcute la Arad. Contract atribuit - Viaţa Liberă Galaţi. Retrieved November 7, 2019 (ro-ro).
