Shrub marguerite

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Shrub marguerite
Shrub Marguerite (Argyranthemum frutescens)

Shrub Marguerite ( Argyranthemum frutescens )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Anthemideae
Genre : Argyranthemum
Type : Shrub marguerite
Scientific name
Argyranthemum frutescens
( L. ) Sch.Bip.
Shrub marguerite from the flower trade

The shrub marguerite ( Argyranthemum frutescens , Syn .: Chrysanthemum frutescens  L.), also bushy marguerite , is native to the Canary Islands . It belongs to the genus Argyranthemum . It is a perennial , shrubby to semi- shrubby plant, but is not hardy in Central Europe .

The real species is rarely available in flower shops. In contrast, crosses with other Argyranthemum species are very common . The shape with the stems is achieved by cutting off the lower shoots.

description

These are shrubs , outside the Canaries also perennial half bushes , wildly reaching heights between 20 and 80 cm. The strongly branched plant often grows spherical-bushy with ascending to upright branches.

The alternate , more or less fleshy and blue-green leaves are oval to oval-lanceolate in outline, 1–8 cm long and 4–6 cm wide. They are deeply pinnate with serrated feathers, which are often three-pointed at the end.

The inflorescences are loose umbrella clusters of four to 30 flowers. The mm at the most about 8 subspecies long tongues of the florets are pure white, female fertile and form achenes , which are triangular winged up like a horn. The achenes of the yellow tubular flowers are sterile and only single-winged. The pappus is always irregularly crown-shaped.

Distribution and location requirements

Like the other Argyranthemum species, the shrub marguerite comes from the Canary Islands . On El Hierro, La Gomera, Tenerife and Gran Canaria it is common in the coastal regions, but very rare on La Palma. Overall, it is the most common species of the genus in the Canaries.

The plant often grows in succulent bushes on well-drained, poor soil in full sun, also near the coast at altitudes of up to 700 meters. Because of this, it is easily overgrown in warmer areas of the world.

Subspecies

The type is very variable. For this reason, several subspecies and varieties have been described. The subspecies are:

  • Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. frutescens : With 1–4 cm long, mostly bare leaves and 6–12 mm wide flower heads. On coastal rocks in the north of Gran Canaria and Tenerife. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
  • Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. succulentum Humphries : With strongly succulent leaves blunt at the tip and 6–8 mm wide flower heads. On El Hierro and Tenerife. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
  • Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. gracilescens (H. Christ) Humphries : With thread-like leaf lobes. In the south of Tenerife.
  • Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. parviflorum (Pit. & Proust) Humphries : With only 4–7 mm long tongues and 4–6 mm wide flower heads. On La Gomera and Tenerife.
  • Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. foeniculaceum (Pit. & Proust) Humphries : With tongues up to 15 mm long. On La Gomera. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
  • Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. canariae (H. Christ) Humphries : Also with clearly succulent leaves and 12–20 mm wide flower heads. In the north of Gran Canaria.
  • Argyranthemum frutescens subsp. pumilum Humphries : With 12–14 mm wide flower heads, at a height of 500 m to 600 m on coastal rocks in the northeast of Gran Canaria.

Sources and further information

literature

  • Hohenester, Adalbert and Welß, Walter: Excursion flora for the Canary Islands . Verlag Eugen Ulmer 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3466-7 .
  • Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica . Random House Australia 2003. German edition: Tandem Verlag GmbH 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 .
  • David Bramwell, Zoë Bramwell: Wild Flowers of the Canary Islands. 2nd edition, Editorial Rueda SL, Alorcón, 2001. ISBN 84-7207-129-4 , page 338

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (ed.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Argyranthemum frutescens In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  2. ↑ a b c Tropicos. [1]

Web links

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