Carded yarn
Carded yarn is a product made from uncombed wool and wool blends. The term carded yarn comes from scratching (= coating), with which the fibers are prepared for spinning .
Carded yarn production
Washed wool fibers are mixed, oiled and the morel predissolved. The resolution down to individual fibers takes place on the two or three-part card set ("scratching"). The laid fiber layer is refined about a hundred times, individual fibers are partially laid parallel and the outgoing fleece is cut into narrow ribbons ( roving ) on the connected pile divider . The roving is made into yarn on the ring spinning machine or (until around the end of the 20th century) on the self-actuator . The fiber strand is then about 1.5 times-in the drafting system, that is minimally distorted .
Special features
Fibers of different origins and properties (length 10–80 mm, fineness 1.5–3.5 dtex) can be processed; combing out short fibers is not possible.
The carded yarn spinning process is the shortest spinning process in terms of the number of machine runs; Above all, the numerous stretching passages with duplication options are missing . A parallelization of the fibers is insufficient with this spinning technique. The spun yarn is particularly characterized by its random fiber layer.
Two-cylinder spinning
The technology originally developed for wool has been modified to produce yarn from other types of fiber ( cotton , shredded wool , chemical fibers, cotton and silk waste , etc.). Coarse yarn or vigoga spinning u. Like carded yarn spinning, the like are assigned to two-cylinder technology, which differs from worsted or three-cylinder processes in many important features .
Yarn properties and use
The fiber material is often dyed in the flake , the shades are put together in batches and the yarn is spun out in a mottled manner.
In the usual fineness of 33 to 1000 tex , it achieves about half the tear strength of worsted yarn made of comparable material.
All yarns intended for warp and hand knitting are twisted .
The yarns are voluminous, plump, soft and hairy. Compared with combed yarns, they have a higher degree of unevenness and many thick and thin spots.
The most important areas of application: Mainly coarser woven and knitted fabrics for outerwear, e.g. B. tweed , cheviot, fleece , flannel , loden , velor , jersey , sweaters and blankets , carpets , upholstery fabrics and hand- knitted yarns .
literature
- Nötzold: Handbook of the carded yarn and Vigognespinnerei , Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1970
- Kießling / Matthes: Textile specialist dictionary , Schiele & Schön Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-7949-0546-6