Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus
| Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic characteristics | ||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
| Short name | ||||||||||||||||||
| STIV1, STIV2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Left | ||||||||||||||||||
|
The virus family Turriviridae includes as of March 2019 only genus Alphaturrivirus with the two species Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral-virus ( STIV ) 1 and 2. These are enveloped viruses with circular, double-stranded DNA - genome . The host range includes archaea of the genus Sulfolobus .
STIV was isolated in an acidic hot spring in Yellowstone National Park in 2004 . The temperature of this spring is 72–92 ° C with a pH of 2–4.
Homology
STIV has homologies to adenoviruses , the bacteriophage Pseudomonas virus PRD1 and the Paramecium Bursaria Chlorella Virus (PBCV). This suggests a common origin for these families of viruses, although hosts from three different realms of living beings are infected.
Virion
The virion of the STIV1 has an icosahedral capsid with a triangulation number of 31. The eponymous turret-like peplomers with a height of 13 nm and a diameter of 24 nm emerge at the twelve positions with fivefold symmetry . Inside there is an ion channel, presumably closed with a lid, with a diameter of about 3 nm.
The virion leaves the cell by budding from the cell membrane , forming a unique, pyramidal structure.
Genome
The genome of STIV1 consists of circular DNA of around 17663 base pairs with 36 open reading frames and a GC content of 36%. About 17 proteins are expressed from this .
Web links
- Cryo EM image of the STIV . Retrieved September 22, 2012.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus 1 , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ↑ a b ICTV : Status 2017
- ↑ LJ Happonen, P. Redder, X. Peng, LJ Reigstad, D. Prangishvili, SJ Butcher: Familial relationships in hyperthermo- and acidophilic archaeal viruses. In: J Virol. (2010), Vol. 84 (9), pp. 4747-4754. PMID 20164227 ; PMC 2863766 (free full text).
- ↑ G. Rice, L. Tang, K. Stedman, F. Roberto, J. Spuhler, E. Gillitzer, JE Johnson, T. Douglas, M. Young: The structure of a thermophilic archaeal virus shows a double-stranded DNA viral capsid type that spans all domains of life. In: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (2004), Vol. 101 (20), pp. 7716-7720. PMID 15123802 ; PMC 419672 (free full text).
- ↑ a b R. Khayat, L. Tang, ET Larson, CM Lawrence, M. Young, JE Johnson: Structure of an archaeal virus capsid protein reveals a common ancestry to eukaryotic and bacterial viruses. In: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (2005), Vol. 102 (52), pp. 18944-18949. PMID 16357204 ; PMC 1323162 (free full text).
- ^ CY Fu, JE Johnson: Structure and cell biology of archaeal virus STIV. In: Curr Opin Virol. (2012), Vol. 2 (2), pp. 122-127. PMID 22482708 ; PMC 3322382 (free full text).
- ↑ a b c C. Y. Fu, K. Wang, L. Gan, J. Lanman, R. Khayat, MJ Young, GJ Jensen, PC Doerschuk, JE Johnson: In vivo assembly of an archaeal virus studied with whole-cell electron cryotomography. In: Structure (2010), Vol. 18 (12), pp. 1579-86. PMID 21134637 ; PMC 3042139 (free full text).
- ↑ D. Prangishvili, TE Quax: Exceptional virion release mechanism: one more surprise from archaeal viruses. In: Curr Opin Microbiol. (2011), Vol. 14 (3), pp. 315-20. PMID 21531608 .
- ↑ WS Maaty, K. Selvig, S. Ryder, P. Tarlykov, JK Hilmer, J. Heinemann, J. Steffens, JC Snyder, AC Ortmann, N. Movahed, K. Spicka, L. Chetia, PA Grieco, EA Dratz , T. Douglas, MJ Young, B. Bothner: Proteomic analysis of Sulfolobus solfataricus during Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus infection. In: J. Proteome Res. (2012), Vol. 11 (2), pp. 1420-32. PMID 22217245 ; PMC 3339632 (free full text).