Symphytum cycladense
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Symphytum cycladense is a plant from the family of Borage Family (Boraginaceae). She is on only two islands of the Greek Cyclades endemic .
description
Appearance and foliage leaf
Symphytum cycladense grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant and has a thick, non-creeping root; sterile shoots are absent. The stem reaches stature heights of 5 to 20 centimeters. It is simple, forked or not very branched. The above-ground parts of the plant are dense and rather soft with villi-haired, longer and shorter bristle hairs and very short hooked hairs .
The numerous in undergraduate standing rosettes, long to 11 centimeters and 3.5 centimeters wide leaves are stalked short. The simple, thick leaf blade with gray felt on the underside is ovate to ovate-elongated with a narrowed base, rounded to somewhat blunt tip and a very short and densely wavy toothed edge. There are only a few stem leaves; they are arranged alternately and smaller than the basal leaves.
Inflorescence and flower
Symphytum cycladense forms terminal, few to quite a few-flowered, dense double wraps at flowering time . The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are 6 to 7 (up to 9) millimeters long and about a third to an eighth of their length fused together. The dense, silky, hairy calyx tips are linear-lanceolate with a blunt to rounded tip. The five white petals , which turn blue when drying, form the 13 to 16.5 millimeter large crown, the free corolla lobes of 1 to 1.7 millimeters in length are at least eight times shorter than the narrow corolla tube. The five tongue-shaped, 1.6 to 4 millimeter long pharyngeal scales are enclosed in the crown. Its edge is dense at the tip and in several rows, loosely covered with conical to obliquely conical papillae that are not more than 1.5 times as long as they are wide. There is only one circle with five stamens that are 2.6 to 4.3 millimeters long. The narrow, elongated, 2 to 3 millimeter long anthers are four to six times as long as they are wide and two to three times as long as the stamen. The fruit is unknown.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
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Distribution of Symphytum cycladense
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Occurrence, hazard and protective measures
Symphytum cycladense is native to the neighboring Cycladic islands of Sikinos and Kardiotissa in Greece. It colonizes shady, stony and rocky habitats on limestone at altitudes of 90 to 300 meters.
Due to its low population, Symphytum cycladense is categorized by the IUCN as a precaution in its Red List of Threatened Species as "Vulnerable" until more current information is available . It is also featured on Greece's national red list.
As a countermeasure at the multilateral level , Symphytum cycladense is listed as a strictly protected species in Appendix I of the Bern Convention . This protective measure is implemented at the level of the European Union with Directive 92/43 / EEC (Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive) , whereby special protection areas must be designated for its conservation. The urgency has been taken into account by defining it as a "priority type". Kardiotissa and parts of the island of Sikinos are designated as Natura 2000 area Folegandros East to Sikinos West (Φολέγανδρος ανατολική μέχρι δυτική Σίκινο) GR 4220004.
Systematics
Symphytum cycladense was first described in 1971 by Bogumil Pawłowski (1898–1971) . A synonym for Symphytum cycladense Pawł. is Symphytum davisii Wickens subsp. cycladense ( Pawł. ) Stearn .
swell
literature
- Bogumil Pawłowski: Symphytum. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1972, ISBN 0-521-08489-X , pp. 103-105 (English, limited preview in Google book search - key to Symphytum and description of Symphytum cycladense , from the unmodified reprint from 2010 ( ISBN 978-0-521-15368-3 )).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Bogumil Pawłowski: Symphyta mediterranea nova vel minus cognita - Nowe lub malo znane śródziemnomorskíe źywokosty. In: Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica. Volume 17, No. 1, pp. 25-27.
- ↑ Hans Runemark: Runemark 51285. ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Virtuella Herbariet ( Memento of the original from October 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed February 20, 2012.
- ↑ a b Symphytum cycladense in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2011.2. Posted by: S. Snogerup & B. Snogerup, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
- ^ Council of Europe (ed.): Bern Convention-Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats . Appendix I with Symphytum cycladense . Bern March 1, 2002 ( online [accessed December 4, 2011]).
- ↑ Directive 92/43 / EEC of the Council of May 21, 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild animals and plants in the consolidated version of January 1, 2007 , accessed on December 4, 2011 , Appendix I, p. 34. In : OJ L 206, July 22, 1992, p. 7.
- ↑ Spiros Dafis, Eva Papastergiadou, K. Georghiou, D. Babalonas, Theodore Georgiadis, Maria Papageorgiou, Efthalia Lazaridou, Vasiliki Tsiaoussi: Directive 92/43 / EEC. The Greek Habitat Project NATURA 2000: An overview. Greek Biotope / Wetland Center (EKBY) u. a., Thessaloniki 1996, GR 4220004 online. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Lance Chilton: Photo by Symphytum cycladense on Flickr.
- Type document at Virtuella Herbariet .