Synagogue (Bosen)

The synagogue was built between 1881 and 1882 in the Bosen district, which is now part of the Nohfelden municipality, in the former Judengasse (today's Bosbachstraße 10). In 1949 the building became the property of the Jewish Community of Saarbrücken and was sold. It was converted into a residential building that still exists today.

history

A synagogue is mentioned in Bosen as early as 1769. It was a residential building in which there was a prayer room and a ritual bath in the basement . The ritual bath was replaced by a bathhouse around 1840. The bathhouse building still exists and is now a listed building. As early as 1850, the responsible land rabbi described the building as in poor condition. Since the synagogue was very dilapidated in 1879, planning began in 1879 to build a new synagogue. This was built between 1881 and 1882 after the authorities had granted permission to build and inaugurated on November 24 and 25, 1882. The construction costs were around 10,350 marks. The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg subsidized the construction of the synagogue with 750 marks. On the first floor of the synagogue there was an apartment for the teacher and a classroom. The prayer room was upstairs. On the street side, the synagogue had three large arched windows. During the November pogroms in 1938 , members of the Jewish community had to destroy the interior of the synagogue themselves and burn it on the sports field. The synagogue was not set on fire because it was feared that the flames could spread to the buildings on the right and left. In 1949 the synagogue became the property of the Jewish Community of Saarbrücken, which sold the building to a private person. It was converted into a residential building that still exists today.

Bosen Jewish Community

Jews were allowed to settle in Bosen as early as the 17th century. The protection money was paid to the Counts of Dürkheim, under whose rule Bosen was at that time. From 1817 Bosen then belonged to the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, which was more liberal in dealing with the Jews. As a result, the number of members of the Jewish community rose sharply. In 1849 it peaked with 143 members. During the time of its existence, the congregation had a teacher who also held the functions of prayer and shochet . The dead were on the, 1650 together with the members of the Jewish community Sötern built, Jewish cemetery buried. The members of the Jewish community who remained in Bosen after the November pogroms in 1938 were deported on April 23, 1942.

The Central Database of the Names of the Holocaust Victims Yad Vashem and the memorial book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 list 68 members of the Jewish community (who were born in Bosen or who lived there permanently or temporarily) who lived during the Were murdered during the Nazi era .

Development of the Jewish population

year	Jews	Jewish families
circa 1770		1
1799		5
1808	44
1817	59
1827	76
1838		21st
1849	143
1858	112
1890/1900	66
1923	48
1933	40
Late 1942	0

Source: jewische-gemeinden.de

literature

• Gerhard Heckmann, Eva Tigmann: Our forgotten neighbors: Jewish community life in the country: Families and their fates using the example of the synagogue communities in the community of Nohfelden. In: History, Politics & Society series of the Saarland Democracy Foundation (= History, Politics & Society series of the Saarland Democracy Foundation. Volume 12) Röhring Universitätsverlag, St. Ingbert 2010, ISBN 978-3861104773 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ List of monuments of the Saarland: List of partial monuments in the district of St. Wendel (PDF) State Monuments Office. Accessed December 1, 2019.
2. ↑ Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums Heft 11 of March 14, 1882 . Goethe University Frankfurt. Accessed December 1, 2019.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Bosen (Bosen-Eckelhausen, community Nohfelden, district St. Wendel) with places in the area Jewish history / prayer hall / synagogue . Alemannia Judaica. Accessed December 1, 2019.
4. ↑ ^{a b c} municipalities (alphabetically): Bosen (Saarland) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Accessed December 1, 2019.
5. ↑ Cilli Kasper-Holtkatte: Jews on the move. On the social history of a minority in the Saar-Mosel area around 1800 (PDF) In: Research on the history of the Jews. Volume 3 . Accessed December 1, 2019.
6. ↑ Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Accessed December 1, 2019.
7. ^ Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Accessed December 1, 2019.