Synagogue Neudeggergasse

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Postcard with the synagogue in Neudeggergasse
The synagogue based on a plan by Max Fleischer
Interior of the synagogue after completion, still without painting
Memorial plaques

The synagogue Neudeggergasse was a club synagogue of Temple Club Josefstadt in the 8th Viennese district of Josefstadt . The synagogue at Neudeggergasse 12 was built in 1903 according to plans by Max Fleischer in Gothic style and completely destroyed in 1938 during the November pogroms .

history

The association synagogue in Neudeggergasse was financed entirely from private funds, with the foundation for the new building coming from the legacy of Baron Moritz von Königswarter . The construction of the synagogue was carried out by the Josefstadt Temple Association, which commissioned the architect Max Fleischer to plan the synagogue as early as 1897. When looking for a suitable plot of land, the association found what they were looking for at Neudeggergasse 12, where the “Zur golden Sonne” building, built in 1777, was demolished. The Temple Association then submitted the project to the magistrate . The construction project received the approval of the building authority, but the city council rejected it, as it probably reacted sensitively to major projects due to the fire in the ring theater in 1881. This was followed by a process between the two parties that had to go through all instances twice in six years. Ultimately, the Administrative Court ruled that the so-called theater law should not be applied to the construction of religious buildings and that the synagogue could therefore be built. However, the temple association had to accept some restrictions from the authorities. For example, the number of visitors was limited to 580 and the number of exits was increased from seven to thirteen. The foundation stone for the construction of the synagogue was finally laid on February 10, 1903. The temple was completed only six months later. From the opening of the synagogue, Rabbi Moritz Bauer, who came from Slovakia, acted as community rabbi and religion teacher.

In 1938 the interior of the synagogue was destroyed and the entrance to the building was nailed up. In 1940 the building was razed. The 865 m² plot of land had already been incorporated into the property rights of Mautner Markhof Brauerei Schwechat AG in January 1939 in accordance with the Land Register Act . In 1948, the property was reserved by the restitution commission at the Vienna Regional Court and returned to the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien , which sold the property to the City of Vienna in 1953. In 1955/56 they had a residential complex designed by Franz O. Böhm built on what is now mostly built-up property .

In 1996 the association “Betrifft Neudeggergasse” was founded, which as a social and cultural association has from the beginning also dedicated itself to the history of Neudeggergasse as the location of the only new synagogue. In 1998 this association started in cooperation with Jewish cultural associations the project to come to terms with the past, "Lost Neighborhood", which was accompanied by several weeks of programs, which was carried out again in 2008 as "Lost Neighborhood Vienna - Buenos Aires" together with the cultural departments of the cities and states involved. Here, emigrated residents of Neudeggergasse were tracked down and invited to visits and discussions. In 2008, a café with video conference tables was set up in Vienna and Buenos Aires so that Jewish emigrants from the new building could communicate with the current residents of Neudeggergasse and the district.

building

The exterior of the synagogue was shaped by the Gothic architecture that Fleischer used in several of his synagogues. The Neudeggergasse synagogue was strongly reminiscent of the medieval brick buildings in northern Germany. The street-side facade was clad with grouted bricks, the facade of the courtyard was characterized by ordinary building bricks. The outer facade was dominated by the two high, zinc-clad towers, each surrounded by four, also zinc-clad, pinnacles . There was also the large rose duck window on the isosceles pointed gable . The interior was divided into three naves. The main nave was entered from the vestibule on the street side, opposite it was the apse on the east side . The vestibule also served as a prayer room on weekdays. The apse was dominated by a wooden structure that stretched across the entire width of the central nave. The Torah shrine was located behind the pulpit , which had been made with wrought-iron railing. The central nave was supported by pointed arches and iron supporting columns. The interior design had not yet been completed at the time of the opening. Only later was a gothic painting done.

literature

Web links

Commons : Synagoge Neudeggergasse  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 26 ″  N , 16 ° 21 ′ 7 ″  E