Talisia esculenta
| Talisia esculenta | ||||||||||||
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Talisia esculenta |
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| Talisia esculenta | ||||||||||||
| ( A.St.-Hil. ) Radlk. |
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Talisia esculenta is a tree in the soap tree family from central to northern Brazil , Paraguay and Guyana .
description
As a mostly evergreen tree, Talisia esculenta grows up to 10-14 meters high. The trunk diameter reaches 30-40 centimeters.
The alternate, short-stalked leaves are paired (or unpaired; but the uppermost leaflet is greatly reduced) pinnate with 4–8 thick-leaved leaflets. The ovate, lanceolate to elongated or elliptical, short-stalked leaflets are almost bare and entire, they are 7-13 inches long and 3-6 inches wide. At the top they are rounded to pointed. The veins are pinnate with fine lateral veins. The stipules are missing.
Talisia esculenta is duodichogamous . Terminal and slender, slightly hairy panicles , thyrses are formed. There are small supporting and pre- leaves. The unisexual and fragrant, white to pink-colored, short-stalked, small flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The small, short overgrown, about 3 millimeters long sepals are hairy. The 4–5 millimeter long petals are hairy on the outside in the lower part and inside, they each have a petaloid, two-pointed and inside hairy scale on the inside. In the male flowers there are 8 stamens with hairy stamens, in the female staminodes. The female flowers have an upper, three-chambered, hairy ovary with a short stylus , while the male has a small pestle. There is a bare, lobed discus each.
Roundish, yellow to yellow-brownish and up to 3 centimeters large, leathery, bald berries (armored berries ) with small remains of the style at the tip are formed. The 1–2 seeds are covered by a fleshy, slightly translucent, whitish to pink aril ( Sarkotesta ).
Taxonomy
The first description of Basionyms Sapindus esculentus was made in 1824 by Augustin Saint-Hilaire in Pl. Usuel. Bras .: t. 68. The division into the genus Talisia to Talisia esculenta took place in 1878 by Ludwig Radlkofer in session. Math.-Phys. Cl. Royal Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 8: 345. Further synonyms are Meleagrinex pernambucana Arruda and Sapindus edulis A.St.-Hil.
use
The edible, sweet and sour fruits are known as pitomba , pitombeira . The roots are used medicinally.
literature
- Flora brasiliensis. 13 (3), 1874-1900, col. 537 f, t. 111, Col. 657 f, online
- Food and fruit-bearing forest species. 3: Examples from Latin America , FAO Forestry Paper 44/3, FAO, 1986, ISBN 92-5-102372-7 , p. 285 ff.
- K. Kubitzki : The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. X: Flowering Plants Eudicots. Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-642-14396-0 , p. 383 f.
Web links
- Talisia esculenta at Useful Tropical Plants.