Tatar lettuce

Tatar lettuce
	Tatar lettuce ( Lactuca tatarica )
Systematics
	Euasterids II
Order :	Astern-like (Asterales)
Family :	Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily :	Cichorioideae
Genre :	Lettuce ( Lactuca )
Type :	Tatar lettuce
Scientific name
	Lactuca tatarica
	( L. ) CAMey.

Tatar lettuce ( Lactuca tatarica )

white milky juice of tartar lettuce

The Tatar lettuce ( Lactuca tatarica ) is a native of Eastern Europe, naturalized in Germany in the 20th century plant species from the genus lettuce ( Lactuca ) within the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae).

features

The Tatar lettuce is a perennial hemicryptophyte . It forms subterranean runners and is 30 to 100 centimeters high. The leaves are undivided to scrap-saw-shaped pinnate. They are narrowed at the bottom; the end section is longer than the one to four lateral ones, which are triangular.

The flower heads are in a panicle . The heads consist only of ray florets . The bracts have narrow white margins and purple spots. The flowers are blue, rarely white. Pollination is carried out by insects, flowering time is July and August.

The fruits are achenes ; they are flat, beaked and furrowed longitudinally all around. The fruit beak is much shorter than the brown-green fruit. The pappus is lifted up like a stem.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18, 16 or 27.

distribution

The homeland of the Tatar lettuce is Eastern Europe, Asia, and North America. It was introduced in Central and Northern Europe. In Germany it is considered naturalized ( neophyte ) and occurs mainly in the area of the North and Baltic Seas. In Austria it is rare and inconsistent in Lower Austria and has only been "introduced recently". He only comes to the colline level stage before. It grows in beach heaths, dunes, rinsing lines, on rubble, fallow land and railway systems. It occurs on moist to moderately dry, nutrient-rich, also salty soils. It thrives in societies of the associations Elymo-Honkenyion peploidis and Agropyro-Rumicion, but also in societies of the order Cakiletalia maritimae.

Systematics

One can distinguish between two subspecies:

Lactuca tatarica (L.) CA Mey. subsp. pulchella (Pursh) Stebbins (Syn .: Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC. ): It occurs in North America. The chromosome number is 2n = 18.
Lactuca tatarica (L.) CA Mey. subsp. tatarica : It is originally found in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, in West and Central Asia, in Pakistan and India, in Siberia, in the Caucasus, in Mongolia and in China. It is a neophyte in Northern Europe, Central Europe, the Baltic States and France.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Lactuca tatarica at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Lactuca in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
↑ Mulgedium tataricum (L.) DC. In: The virutella floran. Retrieved January 29, 2012 (Swedish).
^ Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 , p. 946.
^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 988 .

literature

Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6

Web links

Commons : Tatar lettuce ( Lactuca tatarica ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Tatar lettuce. In: FloraWeb.de.
Tatar lettuce . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
Thomas Meyer: Lattich data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )

[IPCN-1] Lactuca tatarica at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

[GRIN-2] Lactuca in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 13, 2018.

[3] Mulgedium tataricum (L.) DC. In: The virutella floran. Retrieved January 29, 2012 (Swedish).

[4] Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 , p. 946.

[Oberdorfer2001-5] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 988 .