Tetraphenyl germanium

Structural formula
General
Surname	Tetraphenyl germanium
other names	Tetraphenylgerman Germanium tetraphenyl
Molecular formula	C 24 H 20 Ge
Brief description	white solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 1048-05-1 EC number 213-880-8 ECHA InfoCard 100.012.619 PubChem 66103 ChemSpider 59492 Wikidata Q15628302
properties
Molar mass	381.06 g mol −1
Physical state	solid, crystalline
Melting point	231-233 ° C
boiling point	> 400 ° C
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances H and P phrases H: 302-312-332-315-319-335 P: 261-280-305-351-338-304-340-405-501
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Tetraphenylgermanium is a chemical compound from the group of organic germanium compounds .

Extraction and presentation

Tetraphenylgermanium was reported by Gilbert T. Morgan, Harry Dugald and Keith Drew as early as 1925. It was produced by reacting germanium (IV) bromide with a large excess of the Grignard reagent phenylmagnesium bromide in diethyl ether . In addition to the desired product, the less phenylated mono-, di- and tribromides are also formed.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {4(C_{6}H_{5})MgBr+\ GeBr_{4}\ {\xrightarrow[{Et_{2}O}]{}}\ Ge(C_{6}H_{5})_{4}+\ 4\ MgBr_{2}} }$

For cleaning purposes, the compound can be recrystallized from toluene .

properties

Tetraphenylgermanium forms tetragonal crystals in the space group P 4 2 ₁ c (space group no. 114) with formula units in the unit cell .

use

The corresponding mono-, di- or trihalides can be produced by reacting tetraphenylgermanium with halogens or halides .

By reacting tetraphenylgermanium with bromine in boiling carbon tetrachloride , the corresponding triphenylgermanium bromide is formed in almost quantitative yield

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Ge(C_{6}H_{5})_{4}+\ Br_{2}\ {\xrightarrow[{CCl_{4}}]{}}\ BrGe(C_{6}H_{5})_{3}+\ BrC_{6}H_{5}} }$

Under different reaction conditions, diphenylgermanium dibromide is obtained instead:

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Ge(C_{6}H_{5})_{4}+\ 2\ Br_{2}\ {\xrightarrow[{}]{}}\ Br_{2}Ge(C_{6}H_{5})_{2}+\ 2\ BrC_{6}H_{5}} }$

Tetraphenylgermanium on heating forms with germanium (IV) chloride by comproportionation the Phenylgermaniumtrichlorid :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Ge(C_{6}H_{5})_{4}+\ 3\ GeCl_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {120\,{}^{\circ }C}}\ 4\ Cl_{3}Ge(C_{6}H_{5})} }$

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} data sheet Tetraphenylgermanium at AlfaAesar, accessed on March 27, 2015 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Entry on TETRAPHENYLGERMANE at ChemicalBook , accessed on March 27, 2015.
3. ↑ Gilbert T. Morgan, Harry Dugald Keith Drew: CCXXXIV. Aromatic derivatives of germanium . In: Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions . tape 127 , 1925, pp. 1760 , doi : 10.1039 / CT9252701760 (English).
4. ↑ Darrel M. Harris et al .: Tetraohenylgermane . In: Therald Moeller (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 5 . McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1957, pp. 70-72 (English).
5. ↑ A. Karipides, DA Haller: The crystal structure of tetraphenylgermanium . In: Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry . tape 28 , no. 10 , 1972, ISSN  0567-7408 , p. 2889 , doi : 10.1107 / S0567740872007150 (English).
6. ^ ^{A b} Luise Ellinghaus: Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry Vol. XIII / 6, 4th Edition. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-13-180734-2 , pp. 69, 93 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
7. ↑ Robert Schwarz : About the chemistry of germanium . In: Angewandte Chemie . tape  48 , no. 15 , April 13, 1935, pp. 219 , doi : 10.1002 / anie.19350481502 .