Squidward Miller

Thaddäus Müller (born October 2, 1763 in Lucerne ; † April 10, 1826 there ) was a Swiss theologian. He was pastor of Lucerne and episcopal commissioner.

Life

Thaddäus Müller was the son of the ship's carpenter Peter Müller and his wife Anna Maria Sigrist. He initially attended the Lucerne collegiate school and later the grammar school in Lucerne. There he was taught and promoted by the teaching teachers Franz Regis Krauer (* July 5, 1739 in Lucerne; † October 5, 1806 ibid) and Joseph Ignaz Zimmermann .

After finishing school, Thaddäus Müller found a job as a private tutor to the state clerk Karl Martin Keller (* February 19, 1737 - January 24, 1789) for his son, the later mayor Xaver Keller (* October 12, 1772 in Lucerne; † 12. September 1816 ibid). After being ordained a priest in 1786, he began to work as a parish assistant at the Lucerne court church of St. Leodegar with the then city pastor Alois Keller. Alois Keller, who was a brother of the state clerk Karl Martin Keller, prepared Thaddäus Müller for his future profession. In 1789 he was offered a position as a teacher at the Lucerne grammar school and worked there as a rhetoric teacher until 1796.

Alois Keller died in 1796, and Thaddäus Müller was the first non-city citizen to succeed the city pastor. At the suggestion of the government of the Prince-Bishop of Constance, he was transferred to Episcopal Commissioner in 1798 with a position similar to a vicar general in the cantons of Lucerne and Unterwalden .

Education Minister Philipp Albert Stapfer wanted to change the school system in 1798 in order to improve popular education. To this end, cantonal education councils were formed on July 24, 1798, and Thaddäus Müller was the soul of this education commission in Lucerne. He was instrumental in reforming the higher education system . Neither the spiritual nor the theological superiors had an interest in the formation of the school system because they did not see the need. At that time Thaddäus Müller was one of the few who had dealt intensively with this topic and now persistently continued the reforms against various opposition.

There was also a prejudice among the population that children should not be more learned than their parents. The civil servants resisted changes because a few families provided the civil servants and the posts were passed on to their children. The pastors, who were entrusted with the supervision of the schools, did not want to exercise this because this led to extra work and they did not see themselves professionally responsible. There was also a lack of suitable staff for the teaching staff because in the past sons of civil servants were hired without checking whether they met the necessary conditions for employment. However, by transferring the teaching post they escaped their military obligations. Furthermore, there was a lack of financial resources and suitable buildings to set up schools.

Thaddäus Müller's persistent will and skill led to the fact that the rural school system in the canton of Lucerne could be established and expanded. He also tried to improve the training of the clergy and set up an examination college for this purpose, before which all clergymen who wanted to receive an office with benefices had to take an examination.

On February 19, 1806, the castle mediation -Regierung the canton of Lucerne , on the initiative and mediation of Thaddaeus Mueller the Wessenberg - Concordat with the bishop Karl Theodor von Dalberg from. This state church, but fundamentally preserving the episcopal rights, outlasted all political upheavals of the 19th century and formed the basis of Lucerne state church law until 1931 . As a result of Thaddäus Müller's efforts, significant changes were made to this Concordat ; So he had a contract agreed that the parishes would be reorganized so that the faithful were closer to their nearest church and did not have to travel long distances to their responsible parish church, and the parishes were divided into classifications in order to ensure a fairer and more even pay of the clergy to ensure. He also took care that the canons of St. Michael Beromünster became the residence of the old pastors who spent their twilight years there. All spiritual benefits had to be connected with the duty of pastoral care or youth education in the future. To improve the education of the clergy, it was agreed in the Concordat that an episcopal seminary would be established. This was moved to the former Ursuline monastery in the city of Lucerne. Thaddäus Müller was given the direction of the episcopal seminary there. Later, Professor Thaddäus Anton Dereser was entrusted with leading the seminary .

In 1815 Lucerne separated from the Diocese of Constance . This led to the new apostolic vicar general Franz Bernhard Göldlin von Tiefenau, Thaddäus Müller, withdrawing the commissariat and taking it over himself. As a result, Thaddäus Müller lost control of the seminary , which was closed soon after in 1818. Likewise, he was no longer elected to the newly formed education council and thereby also lost the supervision of the rural school system.

Due to his merits, however, he now received the full income of the canonical office , which he had held since 1806, plus the pastoral position, which he had only occupied half in the past.

In 1820 he was elected by the government of the Canton of Lucerne to succeed the late Vicar General Franz Bernhard Göldlin von Tiefenau.

Works (excerpts)

• The old Swiss and their grandson ; sl, 1784.
• The Sempach Battle, a Swiss ballad: sung for the military society in Sursee on the fourth seculum ; Lucerne: Salzmann, 1786.
• Small monthly for children and young people , magazine, first year 1792; Lucerne: printed and published by Joseph Aloys Salzmann.
• News of the miracle that happened in the cathedral church at Ankona, where a portrait of the Blessed Virgin, who is exposed there for the worship of the faithful, opened and closed her eyes on several occasions ; Lucerne: printed by Georg Ignaz Thüring, city printer, [1796]
• Sermon given in the parish church of Lucerne on the Bethtage of the Helvetic Republic, the 6th autumn month 1798 ; Lucerne: Printed by Balthasar and Meyer, [1798]
• A religious u. patriotic word to prepare for d. Eidestag ; Lucerne: Thuringia, 1798.
• To virtuous families in all cantons: Call for support for the orphans in Unterwalden ; Lucerne, 1798.
• The Lord's help and how to make oneself worthy of the Lord's help: Bethtag sermon, given in the Parrkicher in Lucerne, the 8th autumn month 1799 ; Lucerne: bey Meyer and Compagnie, 1799.
• Should one leave the parish elections to the community? Answered in relation to the Catholic part of Helvetia ; Lucerne: Printed by Meyer and available from M. Anich, 1799.
• Two salutations were given at the solemn appointment of the Lucerne Education Council on 20th January 1799 ; Lucerne: Gruner and Gessner, 1799.
• The Commissarius of Lucerne to the citizen pastors of his commissariat district in the cantons of Lucerne , Waldstätten and Baden; Lucerne, 1799.
• The Lord's Help, and How to Be Worthy of the Lord's Help: Bethtgas Sermon delivered ... 1799 ; Lucerne, 1799.
• To virtuous and benevolent families of all cantons: [Appeal to take care and upbringing of the orphaned children of fellow citizens who have fallen for the fatherland] ; Lucerne, 1799.
• Letter from the Bishop's Commissarius of Lucerne to the legislative council for the support of the clergy of the canton of Lucerne: including the accompanying letter from the B. government governor of this canton [Xav. Basement] ; Lucerne: printed by Meyer und Compagnie, 1800.
• To the Catholic people; Lucerne ; printed by Georg Ignaz Thuringia, [approx. 1800]
• Of the pastors' claims to tithe ; Lucerne: Printed by Meyer, 1800.
• Memorial speech of the Sempacher battle: delivered on the battlefield, July 16, 1801 ; Lucerne: Meyer and Compagnie, 1801.
• Ode to Johann Caspar Lavater ; Lucerne: Anich, 1801.
• Memorial speech of the Sempacher battle ; Stāfa a Lake Zurich: Brentano, 1802.
• Two Bethtag sermons were given in the autumn and wine month of 1802 ; Frankfurt am Main University Library Johann Christian Senckenberg 2016.
• Pastoral letter ; [Sl]: [sn], 1803.
• After Viktor Lorenz Huebers beheading in Lucerne on the 9th Heumonth 1805: A word at the place of execution to the people for the people spoken by the pastor of the place ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1805.
• The Episcopal Commissioner of Lucerne to the Reverend Curat Clergy of the Canton ; Lucerne: [sn], 1806.
• After the execution of Johann Fischers von Geltwyl and Anton Lörch von Wauwyl: A standard speech, given at the place of execution outside the city of Lucerne, in the 14th fallow month of 1806 by the city pastor there ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1806.
• When Jakob Büöchler von Hergiswil and Elisabetha Meyer von Menznau were executed on March 7, 1807 ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1807.
• Address to the people after the execution of Jakob Waser von Engelberg, the 12th Christian month, 1807 ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1807.
• Address of the Bishop Commissioner at the opening of the clerical seminarium in Lucerne: the 14th winter month 1808 ; [Sl]: [sn], 1808
• Sentences and short excerpts from written lectures on some subjects of pastoral theology: to the alumni of the new priestly house in Lucerne ; Lucerne: Anich, 1808.
• A word of edification after the execution of Victor Hofer von Biberist and Martin Doebelins von Murg from the Black Forest: spoken on the 15th wine month 1808 ; Lucerne: printed by Xaver Meyer, 1808.
• A word of edification after the execution of Victor Hofer ; Lucerne, 1808.
• At the funeral of Mr. Adam Heberle from Ravensburg .. in Lucerne ; Lucerne, 1809.
• Sermon delivered at the Eidsgenössische Bethtag 1809 ; Lucerne: [sn], 1809.
• The hay and grain harvest: two sermons on the fourth and sixth Sunday after Pentecost, 1809 ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1809.
• The episcopal commissioner of Lucerne to the venerable curate clergy of the canton ; Article in "Additions to the knowledge and advancement of the church and school system in Switzerland", Vol. 4, Item 1 (1810), pp. 24–35
• Against a review in the new Oberdeutsche Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung: [Lucerne, June 15, 1810]; [Lucerne]: [sn], [1810]
• On the day of the funeral of Mr. Altseckelmeister Joseph Anton Felix Balthasar ; Lucerne: Printed by Xaver Meyer, 1810.
• A few words about the spirit of Christianity and literature in relation to Thaddäus Müller's writings ; [Sl] 1810
• After the execution of Anton Meyers von Sulz zu Luzern ; Lucerne, 1811.
• Tonkunst, contributes to the education of the youth, or, The grateful Zöglinge: Operetta for children, in 2 acts ; Score 1812
• After the execution of Aloys Schneiters, the 10th Heumonth 1813: speech ; Lucerne: Georg Ignaz Thüring and son, [1813]
• The village: an operetta for children in three acts ; [Sl]: [sn], [1813]
• Eulogy for his papal holiness, Pius VII: held in the collegiate and parish church in Lucerne, the 19th fallow month 1814 ; Lucerne: Anich, 1814.
• In memory of the blessed Mr. Franz Xaver Keller, Schultheissen zu Luzern ; Lucerne: [sn], 1816.
• Speech given to the people on March 29, 1817 by the place of execution in Lucerne after Joseph Schaller v. Dagmersellen was executed ; [Sl]: [sn], [2002]
• Eight speeches from the place of execution ; Lucerne, 1805–1817.
• On behalf of the Aid Society in Lucerne: encouragement to charity ; [Sl], [1817]
• Speech at the battle band in Sempach on July 12, 1819 ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1819.
• Invitation to the Christian love tax for the Swiss who emigrated to Brazil: A sermon delivered in Lucerne on the 3rd Sunday after the feast of St. three kings, January 27th, 1822 ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1822.
• On the blessed arrival of His Holiness Pius VII and then his Holiness Leo XII was elected: two speeches, given on the 16th and 22nd Sunday after Pentecost of this year in the collegiate and parish church in Lucerne ; Lucerne: Meyer, 1823.
• For the parish priest Menzberg in the canton of Lucerne who died in a fire: sermon held on the Sunday after Christmas 1823 in the collegiate and parish church in Lucerne ; Lucerne: Haut, 1824.
• The Swiss battlefields: A speech on the battlefield at Sempach, given on July 11, 1825 ; Lucerne: [sn], 1825.
• Listen to the council and accept the instruction: Proverbs of Solomon 19:20: a New Year's gift given to the parish as a souvenir by its pastor ; Lucerne: Joh. Martin Anich, 1830.
• The Zurich hymn book in p. Origin from being ; Zurich; Frauenfeld, 1855.

literature

• Public exam from pastoral teaching: answered by Mr. Judas Thaddäus Müller, Mr. Jos. Anton Lotenbach, Mr. Joh. Baptist. Müller, Mr. Josef Silvester Portmann, ... in the April month 1786 ; Author: Judas Thaddäus Müller, Jos Anton Lotenbach, Jos. Anton Lotenbach, Johann Baptist Müller, Josef Silvester Portmann; Lucerne: Printed by JT Thüring, [1786]
• Two pieces of files to prove that the Administrative Chamber and the heads of the clergy of the Canton of Lucerne have applied for compensation for the clergy ; Author: Meyer Offizin, Luzern; Lucerne: printed by X. Meyer und Compagnie, 1800.
• A few words on the spirit of Christianity and literature in relation to Thaddaeus Mueller's writings ; Author: Alois Gügler; [Sl]: [sn], 1810.
• Necrology by Thaddäus Müller, parish priest and canon in Lucerne, read in the Helvetic Society in Langenthal on April 26, 1826 ; Author: Eduard Pfyffer; Zurich, Schulthess, 1826.
• Funeral speech for the blessed step of Reverend Mr. Thaddäus Müller, canon and parish priest of Lucerne, held in the collegiate church on the 4th Sunday after Easter ; Lucerne: Xaver Meyer, 1826.
• Negotiations of the Helvetic Society in Langenthal in 1826 ; Zurich: Schulthess, 1826.
• Thaddäus Müller: City Pastor a. Canon in Lucerne, born October 2, 1763, died April 10, 1826 ; Author: H. Meyer; [Sl]: [sn], [between 1826 and 1830]
• Thaddäus Müller: Lecture given on April 11, 1886 to the Christian Catholic cooperative in Lucerne, together with an appendix, containing an overview of Müller's writing activities and explanatory notes ; Author: Eduard Herzog, Christian Catholic Cooperative (Lucerne); Bern: [sn], 1886.
• The Lucerne Zopf church: Contribution to Switzerland. Church history ; Author: Johannes Schwendimann; [Sl]: [sn], 1907-1909.
• Letters from and about Thadd. Müller from the Wessenberg archive ; Authors: Thaddäus Müller, Alfons Lauter, A. Henggeler; [Switzerland?]: [Sn], [approx. 1910]
• Thaddäus Müller & the Swiss monasteries 1802 ; Author: Johann Baptist Villiger; Stans: from Matt, 1943.
• Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg's efforts for a contemporary priest formation: demonstrated in his correspondence with the Lucerne city pastor and bishop Thaddäus Müller ; Author: Manfred Weitlauf; St. Ottilien: Eos-Verl, 1990.
• Correspondence with the Lucerne city pastor and episcopal commissioner Thaddäus Müller between 1801 and 1821 ; Authors: Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg, Manfred Weitlauf, Markus Ries, General History Research Society of Switzerland; Basel: G. Krebs, 1994.
• Revolution in the name of the purely moral religion: Thaddäus Müller as a Catholic enlightener before and during the Helvetic Republic (1798-1803) ; Bern library at Guisanplatz [2016]
• Placid Meyer von Schauensee:  Müller, Thaddäus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, pp. 675-677.    

Individual evidence

1. ^ German biography: Müller, Thaddäus - German biography. Retrieved September 5, 2017 . 
2. ^ Markus Lutz : From 1807–1815. History of Helvetia from the Peace of Tilsit to the Conjuration of the New Covenant, p. 503 . 1815 ( google.de [accessed September 5, 2017]).
3. ^ Eduard Pfyffer: Nekrolog von Thaddäus Müller, city pastor and canon in Lucerne: Read in the Helvetian Society in Langenthal on April 26, 1826 . Schultheß, 1826 ( google.de [accessed September 5, 2017]).