Theodoros Angelos

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Theodoros Angelos ( Middle Greek Θεόδωρος Ἄγγελος ; † 1299 ) was co-regent in Thessaly and central Greece since 1289 .

Life

Theodoros was the third son of John I Dukas , called the Bastard of Thessaly , and his wife Hypomone Komnene Dukaina . He had two brothers, Michael and Konstantin , and a total of four sisters, including Helena Angelina Komnene , Duchess of Athens and second wife of Hugo von Brienne , and Helena Dukaina Angelina , the second wife of the Serbian King Stefan Milutin .

When John I Dukas died in or shortly before March 1289, his sons Constantine and Theodorus succeeded him in ruling Thessaly. The brothers ruled their territory from Neopatra . Initially they were under the tutelage of the Epirotian de facto regent Anna Palaiologina Kantakuzene . Around 1292 Theodoros' troops were defeated in a battle by the Byzantine general Michael Dukas Glabas Tarchaneiotes . In 1294 the brothers conquered the Byzantine Demetrias on the Gulf of Volos .

Constantine and Theodoros also continued the war their father had started against Nikephorus I. Komnenus Dukas of Epirus and his Angevin allies. When Philip I of Taranto , the son of King Charles II of Naples , wanted to assert his claims to Thessaly in 1295, the brothers sought support in Byzantium. Her mother, who had retired to a monastery after the death of her husband, achieved with Emperor Andronikos II that Theodoros and Constantine were elevated to sebastocrators , the third highest rank in the Byzantine court hierarchy. In return, they recognized the suzerainty of the Byzantine Empire over Thessaly. It was planned to marry Theodoros to the Armenian princess Theophanu , but this connection ultimately did not materialize.

In the summer of 1295 Konstantin and Theodoros were able to take the cities of Angelokastron (since 2011 a district of Agrinio ), Acheloos and Naupaktos , which Nikephorus I had given to his daughter Thamar as a dowry for the marriage with Philip of Taranto. Most of these conquests fell back to the Angevins at the peace treaty of 1296. After further fighting, Konstantin had to cede Angelokastron to Philip in 1301.

Theodoros Angelos, about whose government nothing else is known, died around 1299, four years later his brother Constantine too. Constantine's son John II succeeded them as ruler of Thessaly .

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literature

  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Севастократори у Византији . In: Зборник радова Византолошког института . Vol. 11, 1968, pp. 141–192 ( PDF file; 4.0 MB ), here: pp. 182–183.
  • John Van Antwerp Fine: The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 1994, ISBN 0-472-08260-4 .
  • Peter Lock: The Franks in the Aegean, 1204-1500 . Pearson / Longman, Harlow 1995, ISBN 0-582-05140-1 .
  • Donald M. Nicol : The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479. A contribution to the history of Greece in the middle ages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1984, ISBN 0-521-26190-2 , pp. 38-52 and passim .
  • Demetrios I. Polemis: The Doukai. A Contribution to Byzantine Prosopography (= University of London Historical Studies. Vol. 22, ISSN  0076-0692 ). Athlone Press, London 1968, pp. 97-98.
  • Erich Trapp , Rainer Walther, Hans-Veit Beyer: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit . 1. Fascicle: Ἀαρών - Ἀψαρᾶς (= publications of the Commission for Byzantine Studies . Vol. 1/1). Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-7001-0169-4 , p. 16 No. 195.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ See Polemis, Doukai , p. 97.
  2. ↑ See PLP 1, p. 16.
  3. ↑ See Lock, Franks , p. 100.
  4. ↑ See Fine, Late Medieval Balkans , p. 235.
  5. ↑ See PLP 1, p. 16.
  6. ↑ See Nicol, Epiros , p. 49; Lock, Franks , p. 100.
personal data
SURNAME Theodoros Angelos
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Θεόδωρος Ἄγγελος (Middle Greek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Greek co-regent of Thessaly, son of John I Dukas Komnenos
DATE OF BIRTH 13th Century
DATE OF DEATH 1299