Thomas Arne
Thomas Augustine Arne (* 12. March 1710 in London , † 5. March 1778 ) was an English composer of the pre-classical period . His most famous work is Rule, Britannia! .
He was married to at the time very popular soprano is shown in Cecilia Young , which also helped many of his works to success.
Live and act
Thomas Arne comes from a Catholic family of craftsmen. His father Thomas Arne (1682–1736), an upholsterer, sent him to Eton to study law . There he also studied violin playing and composition with Michael Christian Festing . Ultimately, he devoted himself entirely to art. His first work was the opera Rosamond (based on a libretto by Joseph Addison ), which was already very successful; This was even more the case with Thumb, or the opera of operas and in 1738 with the opera Comus (text by John Milton ), in which Arne introduced many national-British melodies, which he cleverly interwoven with newly invented motifs in the Italian and German styles. In 1740 he had the part of Venus and Emma performed in the premiere of his opera Alfred by the actress and singer Kitty Clive , who was very popular at the time .
In 1741 he led a lawsuit against a leading London bookseller, which he accused of violating his copyrights. The legal dispute was ended by an out-of-court settlement. This makes Arne one of the first artists to take legal action against their copyright.
After performing with applause in Ireland for two years with his wife Cecilia Arne, née Young, an excellent singer and student of Francesco Geminiani , he was employed in London in 1745 as a composer for Vauxhall Gardens , where he developed his individuality at The purest vocal pieces caused a sensation. In 1755 he separated from Cecilia because he believed she was insane (!) And began a love affair with Charlotte Brent , one of his students. His ability to write in the Italian style is demonstrated by his opera Artaxerxes (after Metastasio ), performed in 1762 . In addition to operas, of which he wrote a total of 30 (serious and comical), he has composed several oratorios , which, however, appear colorless and meager alongside the Handel ones. Arne also wrote the melody of an unofficial English national anthem: Rule, Britannia! is the final chant from the Masque of Alfred .
In addition, 4 symphonies have survived, and his trio sonatas (No. 1 to 7) are also available in full.
Music historian and composer Charles Burney was one of his students .
Thomas Augustine Arne died in London on March 5, 1778. He was buried in St Paul's Church with his wife († 1789), with whom he was reconciled shortly before his death . His illegitimate son Michael Arne (1740 / 41–1786) was also an esteemed composer.
Vocal works
Year of publication | Title! |
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1737 | The British Musical Miscellany, vol. vi |
1741 | The Songs and Duetto in The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green |
1743 | The British Orpheus, vol. iii |
1743-1745 | Universal Harmony |
1744 | The Death of Abel |
1745 | Lyric Harmony, vol. i |
1745 | The Music in The Judgment of Paris |
1746 | Lyric Harmony, vol. ii |
1747 | Peter Prelleur 's An Introduction to Singing |
1749 | Vocal Melody, vol. i |
1750 | Vocal Melody, vol. ii |
1751 | Vocal Melody, vol. iii |
1752 | Vocal Melody, vol. iv |
1753 | Willem Defesch 's songs Sung at Mary-bon Gardens |
1753 | The Agreeable Musical Choice, vol. v |
1754 | The Agreeable Musical Choice, vol. vi |
1755 | A Collection of Poems in Four Volumes by Several Hands |
1756 | The Agreeable Musical Choice, vol. vii |
1757 | A Favorite Collection of English Songs |
1758 | The Agreeable Musical Choice, vol. viii |
1760 | The Monthly Melody |
1760 | British Melody, vol. xi |
1761 | A Choice Collection of Songs, vol. xii |
1761 | The Winter's Amusement, vol. xiii |
1762 | British amusement |
1764 | The Royal Magazine, vol. xi |
1764 | A Favorite Collection of Songs, vol. xiv |
1765 | The New Songs Sung at Vauxhall |
1766 | Summer amusement |
1768 | New Favorite Songs |
1774 | The Vocal Grove |
1777 | The Syren |
Odes and cantatas
- A Grand Epithalamium , 1736, missing
- Black-Ey'd Susan (cant., R. Leveridge), 1740, missing
- God bless our noble king , A, T, B, ATB, 2 hn, 2 ob, str, bc, 1745, GB-Lbl, ed. C. Bartlett (Wyton, 1985)
- Fair Celia love pretended (cant., W. Congreve), 1v, vns, bc, singing cantata, i (1749)
- Chaucer's Recantation (cant.), 1v, str, bc, singing cantata, ii (1750)
- Ode to Chearfulness , 1750, lost
- Cymon and Iphigenia (cant., J. Dryden), 1v, str, bc, vs (1750), pts Bu
- Six Cantatas , fs (1755): Bacchus and Ariadne , 1v, 2 fl, 2 ob, 2 hn, str, bc; Delia , 1v, str, bc; Frolick and Free (G. Granville), 1v, 2 ob, str, bc; Lydia (after Sappho ), 1v, 2 bn, str, bc; The Morning , 1v, fl / rec, str, bc; The School of Anacreon , 1v, 2 hn, str, bc; Lydia and The Morning , both ed. R. Hufstader (New York, 1971)
- 5 odes in Del Canzionere d'Orazio (1757): Delle muse all'almo core , 1v, str, bc; Finche fedele il core , 2vv, 2 fl, str, bc; Finche fedele il core , 2vv, 2 vn, bc; Se vanti in Telefo , 1v, 2 hn, str, bc; Tu mi fuggi schizzinosa , 1v, 2 vn, bc [= Advice to Chloe]
- The Spring (cant.), 1v, str, bc, British Melody (1760)
- Love and Resentment (cant.), 1v, 2 cl, 2 vn, bc, Summer Amusement (1766)
- The Lover's Recantation (cant.), 1v, 2 fl, 2 ob, str, bc; vs in The Winter's Amusement (1761), fs, Lbl, ed.P. Young (Leipzig, 1988)
- Advice to Chloe (cant.), 1v, vns, bc, New Favorite Songs (1768)
- An Ode upon Dedicating a Building to Shakespeare (D. Garrick), 1769, speaker, S, S, S, S, T, Bar, SATB, orch; 9 nos. in vs (1769)
- Love and Resolution (musical dialogue), 1770, lost
- Reffley Spring (cant.), 2vv, 2vn, bc, vs (1772)
- Diana (cant.), 1v, 2 fl, 2 ob, 2 cl, 2 hn, 2 vn, bc; vs in The Vocal Grove (1774)
- Whittington's Feast (secular orat, Arne, after Dryden: Alexander's Feast), 1776, S, S, T, B, SATB, 2 fl, 2 ob, 2bn, 2 tpt, 2 hn, timps, drum, str, bc, fs , US toilet
- A wretch long tortured with disdain (cant.), 1v, 2 fl, 2 ob, 2 hn, str, bc, full score GB-Lbl
literature
- Henry Davey: History Of English Music . Kessinger Publishing Company, 2007, ISBN 978-1-4286-0670-8 .
- Peter Holman, Todd Gilman: Arne, Thomas Augustine. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
- Arthur Dennis Walker: Arne, Thomas Augustine. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 1 (Aagard - Baez). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1111-X ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
- Arne, Thomas Augustine . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 2 : Andros - Austria . London 1910, p. 628 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
Web links
- Sheet music and audio files by Thomas Arne in the International Music Score Library Project
- Family History Page by a descendant of Arne
- Thomas Augustine Arne on the Classical Composers Database
- Works by Thomas Arne
- Thomas Arne in the database of Find a Grave (English)
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Arne, Thomas |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Arne, Thomas Augustine |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English composer |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 12, 1710 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | London |
DATE OF DEATH | March 5, 1778 |
Place of death | London |