Tibetan dwarf hamster

Tibetan dwarf hamster
Systematics
Superfamily :	Mice-like (Muroidea)
Family :	Burrowers (Cricetidae)
Subfamily :	Hamster (Cricetinae)
Genre :	Gray hamster ( Cricetulus )
Subgenus :	Tibetan dwarf hamsters ( Urocricetus )
Type :	Tibetan dwarf hamster
Scientific name
	Cricetulus lama
	Bonhote , 1905

The Tibetan dwarf hamster ( Cricetulus lama ) is a type of hamster belonging to the Tibetan dwarf hamster . It is usually assigned to the Kham dwarf hamster , which is then referred to as the Tibetan dwarf hamster. In some systematics, the Ladakh dwarf hamster is assigned to him. He lives in the south of the Tibetan Plateau in China .

Body features

The head-trunk length of the Tibetan dwarf hamster is 86 to 103 millimeters, the tail length 40 to 50 millimeters, the hind foot length 15 to 18 millimeters and the ear length 14 to 18 millimeters. The largest skull length is 26 to 28 millimeters and the body weight 24 to 39 grams.

The fur of the Tibetan dwarf hamster is light and resembles that of the Kham dwarf hamster, but the upper side does not have a dark fur and it is not so noticeably colored. The hip is not black at the top, the white fur on the flank is shorter, there is no wavy line on the flank and it is grayer. The tail is shorter than that of the Kham dwarf hamster, its length is on average less than half the length of the head and torso. It is two-colored, dark on the top and white on the underside.

The Tibetan dwarf hamster differs from the Kham dwarf hamster in that the tail is less than five centimeters long and the hips are not colored black. It shares these traits with the Ladakh dwarf hamster, with Cricetulus tibetanus and with the gray dwarf hamster . Together with the last two species mentioned, it differs from the Ladakh dwarf hamster in the lack of pronounced folds in the first upper molar tooth . It differs from Cricetulus tibetanus and the gray dwarf hamster in that its tail is more than four centimeters long.

Way of life, distribution and existence

Tibetan dwarf hamster localities :

red: location of the type specimen
black: further locations

The Tibetan dwarf hamster's way of life is believed to be similar to that of the Kham dwarf hamster. Its main distribution area is the south of Tibet , besides it lives in the north of the area. It is endemic to China . The International Union for Conservation of Nature has classified it as not endangered .

Systematics and naming

The Tibetan dwarf hamster is usually assigned to the Kham dwarf hamster (Wang and Zheng, 1973; Corbet, 1978; Honacki and coworkers, 1982; Musser and Carleton, 1993, 2005) or considered as a separate species (Ellerman, 1941; Ellerman and Morrison- Scott, 1951; Smith and Hoffmann, 2008). According to Flint (1966) and Piechocki (1969), on the other hand, it may be a subspecies of the gray hamster .

After molecular genetic studies of mitochrondrialen 12S - rRNA gene by Lebedev and staff (2,003) of the Tibetan dwarf hamsters may form a sister group of Phodopus or occupies a basal position within the hamster.

The type specimen of the Tibetan dwarf hamster was in Lhasa found in Tibet and in 1905 by J. Lewis Bonhote as Cricetulus lama described . The specific epithet lama is derived from the Tibetan Lama ("teacher"). Piechocki (1969) uses "Tibetan dwarf hamster" as a German common name for Cricetulus lama and Honigs (2005) "Tibetan dwarf hamster" for Cricetulus kamensis including the form lama .

literature

Mainly used literature:

James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman, James W. Koeppl (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . Allen Press / Association of Systematics Collections, Lawrence (Kansas) 1982, ISBN 0-942924-00-2 (English).
Guy G. Musser, Michael D. Carleton: Superfamily Muroidea . In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 , pp. 894–1531 (English, bucknell.edu - full text of the collective work).
Andrew T. Smith, Robert S. Hoffmann: Subfamily Cricetinae . In: Andrew T. Smith, Xie Yan (Eds.): A Guide to the Mammals of China . Princeton University Press, Princeton / Oxford 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 , pp. 239-247 (English).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Smith and Hoffmann, 2008 (p. 243).

^ Smith and Hoffmann, 2008 (p. 242).

↑ Wang Sung, Xie Yan (Eds.): 中国物种红色名录 / Zhongguo wu zhong hong se ming lu . tape 1 . Higher Education Press, Beijing 2004 (Chinese, China Species Red List). → Quoted in: Smith and Hoffmann, 2008 (p. 242).

↑ Wang Sung, Zheng Chang-Lin: [Notes on Chinese Hamsters (Cricetinae)] . In: Acta Zoologica Sinica . tape 19 , 1973, ISSN 0001-7302 , pp. 61-68 (Chinese). → Quoted in: Honacki and co-workers, 1982 (p. 406).

^ Gordon Barclay Corbet: The Mammals of the Palaearctic Region. A Taxonomic Review . British Museum (Natural History) / Cornell University Press, London 1978, ISBN 0-8014-1171-8 , pp. 91 (English). → Quoted in: Honacki and co-workers, 1982 (p. 406).

^ Honacki and co-workers, 1982 (p. 406).

↑ Guy G. Musser, Michael D. Carleton: Family Muridae . In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . 2nd Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington 1993, ISBN 1-56098-217-9 , pp. 501-755 , here p. 537 (English).

^ Musser and Carleton, 2005 (p. 1042).

↑ John Reeves Ellerman: The Families and Genera of Living Rodents. tape 2 : Family Muridae . British Museum (Natural History), London 1941 (English). → Quoted in: Musser and Carleton, 2005 (p. 1041).

↑ John Reeves Ellerman, Terence Charles Stuart Morrison-Scott: Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946 . British Museum (Natural History), London 1951 (English). → Quoted in: Musser and Carleton, 2005 (p. 1041).

↑ Wladimir Evgenjewitsch Flint: The dwarf hamsters of the Palearctic fauna . In: The New Brehm Library . 2nd, reprint of the 1st edition. tape 366 . Westarp Sciences, Hohenwarsleben 2006, ISBN 3-89432-766-9 , p. 15 (first edition: 1966).

↑ ^a ^b Rudolf Piechocki: Family Wühler . In: Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Martin Eisentraut, Hans-Albrecht Freye, Bernhard Grzimek, Heini Hediger, Dietrich Heinemann, Helmut Hemmer, Adriaan Kortlandt, Hans Krieg, Erna Mohr, Rudolf Piechocki, Urs Rahm, Everard J. Slijper, Erich Thenius ( Ed.): Grzimeks animal life . Encyclopedia of the Animal Kingdom. Eleventh volume: Mammals 2 . Kindler-Verlag, Zurich 1969, p. 301-344 , here p. 307 .

↑ Wladimir Swjatoslawowitsch Lebedew, Natalja W. Iwanowa, NK Pawlowa, Andrei B. Poltoraus: Molecular phylogeny of the Palearctic hamsters . In: Alexander O. Awerjanow, Natalja Iossifowna Abramson (eds.): Systematics, Phylogeny and Paleontology of Small Mammals. Proceedings of the International Conference Devoted to the 90th Anniversary of Prof. IM Gromov . Pensoft / Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 2003, p. 114-118 (English, abstract). → Quoted in: Karsten Neumann, Johan Michaux, Wladimir Swjatoslawowitsch Lebedew, Nuri Yigit, Ercüment Çolak, Natalja W. Iwanowa, Andrei B. Poltoraus, Alexei Surow, Georgi Markow, Steffen Maak, Sabine Neumann, Rolf Gattermann: Molecular Phylogeninae of the Subfamily Based on the Mitochondrial Cytochrome b and 12S rRNA Genes and the Nuclear vWF Gene . In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . tape
39 , no. 1 , 2006, p. 135–148 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.01.010 (English).
↑ Sandra Honigs: Dwarf Hamsters. Biology. Attitude. Breeding . 2nd Edition. Natur- und Tier-Verlag, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-931587-96-7 , p. ; 10 .

Web links

Cricetulus lama inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: Smith, AT & Johnston, CH, 2008. Retrieved December 29, 2013.

[SH2008-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Smith and Hoffmann, 2008 (p. 243).

[2] Smith and Hoffmann, 2008 (p. 242).

[3] Wang Sung, Xie Yan (Eds.): 中国物种红色名录 / Zhongguo wu zhong hong se ming lu . tape 1 . Higher Education Press, Beijing 2004 (Chinese, China Species Red List). → Quoted in: Smith and Hoffmann, 2008 (p. 242).

[4] Wang Sung, Zheng Chang-Lin: [Notes on Chinese Hamsters (Cricetinae)] . In: Acta Zoologica Sinica . tape 19 , 1973, ISSN 0001-7302 , pp. 61-68 (Chinese). → Quoted in: Honacki and co-workers, 1982 (p. 406).

[5] Gordon Barclay Corbet: The Mammals of the Palaearctic Region. A Taxonomic Review . British Museum (Natural History) / Cornell University Press, London 1978, ISBN 0-8014-1171-8 , pp. 91 (English). → Quoted in: Honacki and co-workers, 1982 (p. 406).

[6] Honacki and co-workers, 1982 (p. 406).

[7] Guy G. Musser, Michael D. Carleton: Family Muridae . In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . 2nd Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington 1993, ISBN 1-56098-217-9 , pp. 501-755 , here p. 537 (English).

[8] Musser and Carleton, 2005 (p. 1042).

[9] John Reeves Ellerman: The Families and Genera of Living Rodents. tape 2 : Family Muridae . British Museum (Natural History), London 1941 (English). → Quoted in: Musser and Carleton, 2005 (p. 1041).

[10] John Reeves Ellerman, Terence Charles Stuart Morrison-Scott: Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946 . British Museum (Natural History), London 1951 (English). → Quoted in: Musser and Carleton, 2005 (p. 1041).

[11] Wladimir Evgenjewitsch Flint: The dwarf hamsters of the Palearctic fauna . In: The New Brehm Library . 2nd, reprint of the 1st edition. tape 366 . Westarp Sciences, Hohenwarsleben 2006, ISBN 3-89432-766-9 , p. 15 (first edition: 1966).

[P1969-12] Rudolf Piechocki: Family Wühler . In: Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Martin Eisentraut, Hans-Albrecht Freye, Bernhard Grzimek, Heini Hediger, Dietrich Heinemann, Helmut Hemmer, Adriaan Kortlandt, Hans Krieg, Erna Mohr, Rudolf Piechocki, Urs Rahm, Everard J. Slijper, Erich Thenius ( Ed.): Grzimeks animal life . Encyclopedia of the Animal Kingdom. Eleventh volume: Mammals 2 . Kindler-Verlag, Zurich 1969, p. 301-344 , here p. 307 .