Tore Gudmundsson

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Torir Gudmundsson , Tore Den Vikværske , († August 8, 1214 in Nidaros ), probably from Viken , was a Norwegian archbishop.

According to tradition, his father was called Gudmund Flate; his mother is unknown.

Life

He must have come from a distinguished family, because only their sons could afford to study abroad. He is probably identical with Theodoricus Monachus , who wrote the little Norwegian story in Latin between 1178 and 1180 and dedicated it to Archbishop Øystein Erlendsson . In the obituarium of the St. Victor monastery near Paris it says: " Item obiit domnus Theodoricus, Norvegiensis archiepiscopus, frater noster ."

At first he was a canon at Hallvard's Church in Oslo . There seems to have been a close connection between the cathedral chapter of Hallvard's Church in Oslo and St. Victor's monastery in Paris. Because at this time a Hallvards sequence was written for the liturgy , which reveals influences from the sequences of Adam von St. Victor in text and melody . Tore was certainly a strengthening of the parliamentary group in the cathedral chapter, which represented the Gregorian reforms and is noticeable in the diocese of Oslo around 1200 .

In the summer of 1205 Tore went to Rome, where in the autumn of 1205 or the beginning of the year 1206 he passed from the hands of Pope Innocent III. the pallium received. In a papal bull dated February 11, 1206, Tore is already referred to as Nidrosiensis archiepiscopus . In this bull Tore is asked to collect St. Peter's penny from his diocese. Six papal letters have been preserved from his stay in Rome, of which a very large bull dated February 13, 1206 confirmed the privileges of the Archdiocese of Nidaros , which were first expressed in a confirmation bull dated November 1154 when it was founded in 1153. In canon 5 of the Christian law of 1153, written by Nikolaus Breakspear and Jon Birgisson , it was expressly waived that a bishop should be ordained either by the Pope or by the responsible archbishop . In the founding bull of the archbishopric of November 30, 1154, Pope Anastasius IV determined for Nidaros that the bishops had to obey the archbishop and should be consecrated by him. The renewal of this regulation was directed not only against the ordination of Bishop Martin in Bergen in 1194, but also strengthened the position of the Archbishop of Nidaros in the diocese of the Hebrides and the Isle of Man . In 1203 Nicholas de Melsa, Abbot of Furnesse, an abbey that had been elected bishop for the Diocese of Man since 1134 , was elected bishop there. This diocese was under the Archdiocese of Nidaros, but threatened to come under the Archdiocese of York without this determination . In addition, Pope Innocent increased the authority of the cathedral chapter through this provision, which only became a firmly closed institution with probably 12 canons after 1200. In another letter, the Pope abolished the previous permission to perform emergency baptism in the event of a lack of water by smearing saliva on the baptized person's head, chest and between the shoulders. Water is essential. This rule was later incorporated into Christian law by Jon Birgisson.

Tore was a man of compromise who knew how to constantly increase the authority of the archbishopric through peacemaking brokerage services. So he persuaded Bishop Nikolas of Oslo to mediate between the Baglers and King Inge and took part in the mediation that led in 1208 to the end of the Second Bagler War through the Peace of Kvitsøy . He led the college of bishops collegially, gave Bishop Páll von Skálholt a gold-embroidered miter, a gold ring and bishop's gloves and gave Bishop Guðmundur von Hólar a silver chalice.

literature

predecessor Office successor
Eirik Ivarsson Archbishop of Nidaros
1206 - 1214
Guttorm