Nancy trolleybus

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Nancy trolleybus
Car 22 on Rue Saint-Georges
Car 22 on Rue Saint-Georges
Route length: 11.1 km
Power system : 750 volts  =
Top speed: 70 km / h
   
Vandœuvre CHU Brabois ( P&R ) lane guidance final loop
   
Foret de Haye
   
Faisanderie
   
Doyen Roubault
   
Saint André
   
Le Reclus
   
Callot starts the lane guidance
   
Velodrome
   
Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy / Nancy
   
Mount Octroi
   
Blandan
   
Exelmans
   
Jean Jaurès
   
Garenne (Bd Jean Jaurès - Tram 1)
   
Mon Désert
   
kennedy
   
Nancy Gare
   
Maginot
   
Point Central
   
Cathédrale
   
Division de Fer
   
Saint Georges
   
Branch ( advance construction work )
   
Cristalleries
   
Nancy / Saint-Max
   
Gérard Barrois - Stade Marcel-Picot End of the lane guidance
   
Saint Livier
   
Carnot
   
Saint-Max / Essey-lès-Nancy
   
Briand
   
Essey Roosevelt start of lane guidance out of town
   
Essey Mouzimpré guidance final loop

The trolleybus Nancy , now mostly Tramway de Nancy called, is a since 1982 existing trolleybus operation In the French city of Nancy and the three neighboring municipalities Essey-les-Nancy , Saint-Max and Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy . The system was converted to track-guided operation in sections in 2001 , which is why it is now referred to as Tramway sur pneumatiques . This is the usual French name for a tram on pneumatic tires, which is kept on track by means of a guardrail sunk in the middle of the roadway. The responsible transport company is the company S ervice de t ransport de l ' a gglomération n ancéienne (STAN), which also operates various bus routes in the greater Nancy area .

The only in-service line T1, where T stands for Tramway has a length of 11.1 kilometers and is on weekdays in the five-minute clock operated. The diameter line runs roughly from northeast to southwest. A total of 28 stations are approached, the average distance between the stops is 411 meters. In 2005, 5.8 million passengers were carried.

history

Duo bus

Network of the year 1983
Renault PER 180 H duo bus in 1986 on Rue Saint-Georges, where the TVR now operates

The Nancy tram was closed on December 2, 1958. In view of the increase in private transport, the reintroduction of the tram based on the example of Nantes was considered at the end of the 1970s , but was discarded over the depreciation period of 30 years due to an uncertain perspective . A trolleybus network, written off in just 18 years, seemed much cheaper.

On March 28, 1980, the city parliament decided to set up a trolleybus network. In a first stage, three lines with a length of 35 km were to be built within three years, and by 1990 the network was to be expanded by four lines. At this point in time, the number of vehicles should increase from 48 articulated trolleybuses to 85 units. Early on in the planning stage, value was placed on a solution with vehicles that are not tied to a catenary. Initially, you should only drive electrically where environmentally friendly operation was desired or where there were steep gradients. In addition, this should make it possible to use diversions and to expand the catenary network in stages.

On the first catenary section between the stations Godefroy de Bouillon and Champ Le Boeuf , a section of the future line 19, the power was switched on on October 12, 1981. The first test drives with the prototype 001 of the articulated duo buses of the type PER 180 began on October 20th. In May 1982 Renault produced the first series vehicles PER 180 H (a further development of the PR100 ) equipped with a powerful turbo- diesel auxiliary drive. delivered, in September the catenary system for the first three lines was completed. A simple, rigid suspension was sometimes used on the inner-city sections; on the outer sections, the system was built using the Kummler + Matter inclined pendulum system.

Regular operations began on September 27, 1982, and the 18-kilometer-long line 19 (now the northern section of line 2 / BHNS) from Champ Le Boeuf in the suburb of Laxou to Ile de Corse in the city center was finally converted to duo bus operation November 25 of the same year. This was followed by the commissioning of the 21 kilometer long line 4 (north branch today partly line 5, south branch today largely line T1) from Vandœuvre CHU Brabois to Beauregard on December 20, 1982 and finally in 1983 the 14 kilometer long line 3 from Laxou Provinces to Essey-lès -Nancy (west branch today part of line 3, east branch today line T1). The duo bus operation was discontinued on August 1, 1999 due to the imminent changeover to track-guided operation, some of the vehicles were initially still used in pure diesel mode .

Conversion to track-guided operation

Lane guidance under construction
Intermediate threading point, switch, guardrail end and rear view of a TVR at the Essey Mouzimpré end loop

The new system was inaugurated on December 8, 2000, and the Nancy trolleybus was to be officially restarted on January 2, 2001. However, due to technical problems, the start of passenger traffic was postponed to February 11, 2001. Only the sections from Vandœuvre CHU Brabois to Jean Jaurès and Nancy Gare to Essey Mouzimpré were retained. The rest of the network is operated by diesel and natural gas buses, but some of the contact lines are still in place.

The vehicles of the type TVR from Bombardier are a mixture of trolleybus and tram. Worldwide, the system is only in Nancy in use. In a modified form with a single-pole catenary , however, it was also found in Caen until 2017 . You ride on conventional rubber wheels. The lane guidance takes place on about three fifths of the route via a centrally arranged guardrail, otherwise independently in the street area.

The TVR system with two-pole catenary was preferred to a conventional tram for several reasons:

  • Part of the existing infrastructure for the trolleybuses (sections of lines 3 and 4) could continue to be used
  • Mixed operation between conventional trolleybuses and TVR would have been possible
  • Due to the higher friction, a rubber-tire vehicle seemed more suitable than a tram for the steep stretch between Callot and Vandœuvre CHU Brabois (up to 13 percent)
  • Separate routes were not desired in the eastern suburbs of Saint-Max and Essey-lès-Nancy
  • The system seemed cheaper than a tram
  • Nancy pioneered a new technology with the first commercial introduction of a Tramway sur pneumatiques

The lane guidance is limited to the central area, the two turning loops at the end points and - only out of town - a short section in Essey. At the beginnings of the guardrails, but also in their course, there are threading points where the guide rollers are lowered when the vehicle is briefly stationary (dropage). The rolls are also drawn in (dédropage) during a short stop outside the stops.

Winding route at the train station with a speed limit of 5 km / h

There is no guardrail on the steep stretch between the Callot and Vandœuvre CHU Brabois stations and between the Gérard Barrois and Essey Roosevelt (out of town) or Essey Mouzimpré (inward) stops . On these routes, the vehicles move manually controlled like conventional trolleybuses. For this reason, they have a road traffic permit and accordingly have a vehicle registration number .

A two-pole catenary provides the power supply, the pantographs correspond to those of normal trolley buses. The cars also have a diesel-electric auxiliary drive . It is required for diversions (due to construction work or traffic accidents, for example) and for journeys to and from the depot more than two kilometers away , to which no overhead line leads.

In the early days, the new system struggled with major technical difficulties. Vehicles “derailed” in the narrow S-curves at the train station and in other places, which resulted in two accidents with injuries. This led to the fact that the operation of the TVR, after six short interruptions within two months, was interrupted again for a long time from mid-March 2001 to March 12, 2002 in order to undertake a thorough improvement. Traffic is now largely running smoothly.

vehicles

At the time of the duo bus operation, 48 articulated vehicles of the Renault PER 180 H type were available, they had the road numbers 603 to 650.

The three-part double articulated vehicles used today, known as TVR (Transport sur Voie Réservée) due to their focus on the French market , were supplied by Bombardier Transportation. A total of 25 units are in use, they are numbered from 1 to 25.

outlook

While the TVR system in Caen was shut down at the end of 2017 in order to build a conventional tram on the same route, the TVR in Nancy will be repaired for another ten years. Since Bombardier will no longer offer TVR in the future, the system can no longer be expanded. The new express line 2, introduced in 2013 as "Bus à Haut Level de Service (BHNS)", is therefore operated with special natural gas articulated buses, a large number of dedicated lanes and priority switching at traffic lights.

On February 10, 2017, the city council decided to follow Caen's example and replace the TVR system with a classic tram in 2022. The main reason is the expected lack of spare parts for the vehicles. In February 2019, the procurement of 17 to 25 tram cars was put out to tender.

Picture gallery

Remarks

  1. H means hacheur ( chopper )

literature

  • Günther Herbst: The Tram from Nancy, 2009 (publisher: Straßenbahnfreunde Mainz e.V.)

Web links

Commons : Trolleybus Nancy  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b The new trolleybus network in Nancy in: Stadtverkehr 10/1981, p. 424 ff.
  2. Stadtverkehr 9/1980, p. 401.
  3. Brief reports in: Stadtverkehr 11–12 / 1981, p. 470.
  4. brief in: City traffic 7/1981, S. 310th
  5. Brief reports in: Stadtverkehr 10/1982, p. 424 f.
  6. Les trolleybus de Nancy (1982-1999)
  7. http://www.spvd.cz/svet/seznam_tbus/seznam_tbus/weltlist.pdf
  8. ^ Nancy: dix ans de tram sur pneus (estrépublicain.fr) , accessed on November 4, 2013
  9. L'Humanité, March 12, 2001 , accessed November 4, 2013
  10. Strassenbahn Magazin 5/2002, p. 10
  11. Mobilicités of July 9, 2013 ( Memento of the original of September 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 4, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mobilicites.com
  12. Stan-expression: La ligne 2 ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 4, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stan-expression.com
  13. Blickpunkt Tram 3/2017, p. 121
  14. Blickpunkt Tram 3/2019. P. 144.