Essey-lès-Nancy

Essey-lès-Nancy
region	Grand Est
Department	Meurthe-et-Moselle
Arrondissement	Nancy
Canton	Saint-Max
Community association	Grand Nancy
Coordinates	48 ° 42 ' N , 6 ° 13' E Coordinates: 48 ° 42 ' N , 6 ° 13' E
height	199-363 m
surface	5.745 km 2
Residents	8,823 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	1,536 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	54270
INSEE code	54184
Website	www.esseylesnancy.fr
	; Avenue Foch

Essey-lès-Nancy (short form: Essey) is a French commune with 8,823 inhabitants (January 1, 2017) in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in the Grand Est region of northeast France ( Lorraine until 2015 ).

location

The city lies in the valley of the Meurthe without directly bordering this river. It belongs to the eastern suburbs of the Départemantshauptstadt Nancy , from there there is a continuous development over the commune of Saint-Max in between . The most important flowing body of water is the Grémillon brook , which runs through Essey over a length of three kilometers. Adjacent municipalities are (clockwise) Agincourt , Dommartin-sous-Amance , Seichamps , Pulnoy , Saulxures-lès-Nancy , Tomblaine , Saint-Max and Dommartemont .

Surname

The place name Essey goes back to a landowner named Accius. In 1233 the name Seigneurie d'Aci ( feudal domain Aci) can be traced. Aci became Essey (-lès-Nancy) in 1631, the addition "lès -..." comes from the Latin word latus and means "with". During the French Revolution , the place was briefly renamed Essey-devant-Nancy .

history

The final stop of the tram, around 1910

Bomb craters at the Kléber airfield and Caserne , August 18, 1944

On the Butte Sainte-Geneviève elevation on the northern outskirts, traces of a settlement by the Leuk people in the last millennium before our era can be found. During the Gallic War , the Leukers behaved neutrally. In the Gallo-Roman era , a fortified oppidum was built, and in 408 the attacking Alans were defeated in the municipality .

At the beginning of the Middle Ages , the village was divided among four communities , which guaranteed the security of the residents and their goods against the tithe . From 959 the place belonged to the Duchy of Lorraine , subsequently two castles (Haut-Château and Bas-Château) were built. Between the 14th and 16th centuries he was repeatedly attacked by the bishops of Metz and the dukes of Bar allied with them . They were never able to take the Haut-Château, but they looted farmhouses and set them on fire. In the decade following 1630, a third of the population died as a result of the plague .

During the Thirty Years War , Essey and its castles were besieged and destroyed by French forces in 1633. The Haut-Château was rebuilt in the Renaissance française style within fifty years . The village gradually shifted from the hill down into the valley.

In the course of the Franco-Prussian War , the inhabitants had to accommodate enemy officers. The municipal council succeeded several times in lowering the high reparation claims . In 1913 the 69th Infantry Regiment moved into the Kléber barracks , which was expanded to include an airfield from 1920 . In the First World War , Essey was spared acts of war, unlike surrounding communities. During the Second World War , the Nancy-Essey airfield was occupied by German troops. On March 25, 1944, the Allies launched the first bombing raids on this strategically important place. U.S. General Patton's troops reached Essey on September 17, 1945.

In February 1906 the electrical power grid was put into operation, in 1932 the water supply network. In 1920 the number of 2000 inhabitants was reached and the village was raised to a municipality. In 1959 Essey joined the District de l'agglomération nancéienne , an amalgamation of twelve parishes, which in 1995 became the Communauté urbaine du Grand Nancy with twenty parishes, including the city of Nancy itself.

traffic

TVR trolleybus at the Av. Foch and Av. you President Roosevelt

The main axis is Départementsstraße 2074 (Avenue Foch) , which, coming from Nancy, cuts through the town in a west-east direction. It is now relieved by the parallel avenue de Brigachtal bypass .

In 1876 the Compagnie générale française de tramways set up a horse-drawn tram , and in 1898 the first electrically powered tram went to Nancy. In 1958 the tram service was given up in favor of trolleybuses . Since 2001, line T1 of the Tramway de Nancy has ended at Essey Mouzimpré station , a trolleybus line with section-wise lane guidance that is unique in the world. With it you can reach Nancy train station, which is about 5 kilometers away, without having to change trains.

The airfield Nancy-Essey is largely in the area of the neighboring town of Tomblaine. At the beginning of the 1920s it was built as a military airfield and from 1936 it housed a flight school. From 1940 to 1944 it was occupied by German troops and was bombed several times. From the 1950s onwards it was increasingly used for civilian purposes, with connections to London , Paris , Nice and Toulouse . Metz-Nancy-Lorraine Airport opened in 1991 and the end of military traffic before the turn of the millennium reduced its importance considerably.