Chavigny (Meurthe-et-Moselle)
| Chavigny | ||
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Meurthe-et-Moselle | |
| Arrondissement | Nancy | |
| Canton | Neuves-Maisons | |
| Community association | Moselle et Madon | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 38 ' N , 6 ° 7' E | |
| height | 248-418 m | |
| surface | 6.69 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,843 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 275 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 54230 | |
| INSEE code | 54123 | |
| Website | http://www.ville-chavigny.fr/ | |
 Mairie Chavigny |
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Chavigny is a French commune with 1,843 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in the Grand Est region . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Nancy and the municipality of Moselle et Madon .
geography
The municipality of Chavigny is eight kilometers southwest of Nancy city center .
The 6.69 km² municipal area extends from a right side valley of the Moselle to the Plateau de Brabois with the 10,000 hectare Forêt de Haye , which towers over the river valleys of the Moselle and Meurthe by up to 200 meters. The proportion of forest in the municipality of Chavignys is around 70%. The settlement area is limited to the 400 meter wide valley area of the Mazot tributary to the Moselle .
Neighboring municipalities of Chavigny are: Villers-lès-Nancy and Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy in the north, Houdemont in the northeast, Ludres in the east, Messein and Neuves-Maisons in the south and Chaligny in the west.
history
Archaeological finds of the remains of small furnaces, slag and charcoal allow the conclusion that iron ore was found and smelted around Chavigny as early as the sixth and seventh centuries.
The first reports of iron ore mining in Chavigny, Chaligny and Neuves-Maisons come from monks of the Abbey of Saint-Vincent in Metz , who founded the monastery of Santa Lucia in Neuves-Maisons . In the twelfth century, the inhabitants of Chavignys were dependent on neighboring Chaligny . In 1151, Clairlieu Monastery was founded in a forest clearing just a few kilometers north of Chavigny. The monks of this monastery received, among other things, mining rights under the spell of Chavigny, which they shared with the monks of Beaupré Abbey in Moncel-lès-Lunéville and the monks from Flabémont . In 1291 a water-powered stamping mill operated in Chavigny , with which the ore was crushed. There was also a forge, which is located in what is now the municipality of Neuves-Maisons.
Until the 15th century there were almost no written sources, which is attributed to numerous feuds, with Chavigny probably being destroyed at least once. Numbers do not appear again until 1425. They list 40 chimneys in Chavigny, which corresponds to about 200 inhabitants. In the subsequent wars between Lorraine and Burgundy, the area was devastated again. In 1475, Duke René II, Duke of Lorraine, resettled the population by giving them comprehensive protection. The village was then called Saint-Blaise and was located about 500 meters north of today's village center.
In May 2005 extensive excavations ended in the area around Chavigny, which unearthed ceramic fragments, animal bones and iron objects as well as coal residues and thus offered a new, comprehensive insight into the history of this former mining area.
In the Thirty Years War, Chavigny was not spared and, like many other villages in Lorraine, was depopulated.
In 1789, 150 to 160 houses are reported for Chavigny, including six (eight in another source) farms with typical Lorraine gates. Many residents were vintners back then. The wine could be brought into town for sale via a new road to Nancy with a striking hairpin bend.
The prerequisites for building a blast furnace - iron ore deposits close to or on the surface, water power and abundance of wood - were given in Chavigny and so a hut was built in 1837, which initially employed six to eight permanent and 20 to 30 seasonal workers. The ironworks went bankrupt in 1845 and was re-licensed in 1857. The company remained relatively small and existed until 1876. In 1872, 18 main shareholders formed the Haute-Moselle corporation . The company acquired 4,000 hectares of mining land and received the concession to mine iron ore (also around Chavigny) and to build a steel mill in the neighboring community of Neuves-Maisons . From then on, workers from Belgium, Luxembourg, Alsace, Savoy, Piedmont and the Aosta Valley, the Vosges, the Jura, the Massif Central and the Auvergne poured into the mining area. The population in Chavigny grew from 500 in 1850 to 1243 in 1906.
In 1910, the 87 hectare southern part of the municipality of Chavigny was separated and added to the even more rapidly developing Neuves-Maisons. The causes were the misery with the supply of water and the lack of opportunities to place the children in local schools. Neuves-Maisons was able to solve the problems better back then. In the following years Chavigny gradually took on a village character again. In 1911 there were 1144 inhabitants.
In 1932, on the outskirts of Chavignys, one of the first summer camps in France for children from the area began. President Albert Lebrun attended the inauguration in 1935. The site fell into disrepair and the last remains of the building were demolished in 2004.
After the mine in Maron to the west was also closed in 1968, the mining era in the area southwest of Nancy came to an end. The last remaining steelworks in the region in nearby Neuves-Maisons now mainly processes scrap.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 | |
| Residents | 1293 | 1459 | 1508 | 1410 | 1472 | 1599 | 1704 | 1843 | |
| Sources: Cassini and INSEE | |||||||||
Economy and Infrastructure
Small craft and service companies are based in Chavigny. In the north of the municipality, directly at the motorway entrance, is the Clairs Chênes industrial park . Many residents commute to the industrial and service areas of the nearby Nancy / Ludres / Neuves-Maisons agglomeration .
Chavigny is the school location (École de Chavigny).
The commune of Chavigny is linked to Nancy and Neuves-Maisons by the D 974 road. In the north of the municipality there is a connection to the A33 Autoroute (Nancy- Lunéville ). The train station in Neuves-Maisons is three kilometers from the center of Chavignys. It is on the Nancy - Mirecourt - Merrey railway line operated by the TER Lorraine transport company.
supporting documents
- ↑ History summary on ville-chavigny.fr (French)
- ↑ Chavigny on cassini.ehess.fr
- ↑ Chavigny on insee.fr
