Trump Tower
| Trump Tower | |
|---|---|
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| Basic data | |
| Place: |
New York , United States
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| Construction time : | 1980-1982 |
| Opening: | November 30, 1983 |
| Status : | Built |
| Architectural style : | Modern |
| Architect : | The scutt |
| Use / legal | |
| Usage : | Apartments, offices, shops |
| Owner : | The Trump Organization |
| Technical specifications | |
| Height : | 202.4 m |
| Height to the roof: | 202 m |
| Rank (height) : | 88th place (New York) |
| Floors : | 58 |
| Building material : | Structure: reinforced concrete ; Facade: glass , aluminum |
The Trump Tower is a skyscraper with 58 floors on Fifth Avenue , corner 56th Street in New York City District Manhattan . The residential and office building was built by Donald Trump according to plans by the architect Der Scutt and was completed in 1983. It belongs to the Trump Organization , is 202 meters high and has a facade that is kept in a brown shade of bronze . As of January 2019, the skyscraper ranks 88th on the list of tallest skyscrapers in New York City .
History of origin
The Trump Tower is the first skyscraper that Trump built after he took over the company in 1971. It was built on the site of an old, no longer profitable department store. Trump acquired the property from the insurance company Equitable for a 50 percent stake in the construction project. In order to be able to build a skyscraper despite the current restrictions, he used several special regulations. This included buying the right to build up from the Tiffany & Co. jewelry chain , whose main business is next to Trump's property. He also took advantage of a bonus for mixed-use buildings for offices, shops and apartments, and eventually got approval for additional floors by adding a public atrium. Of the 63 floors requested, only 58 were approved, but Trump skipped some floors when numbering and came up with 68.
Prior to the demolition of the old department store, a curator at the Metropolitan Museum of Art reached out to Trump and suggested that he could donate the popular sculptures on the building's facade to the museum in exchange for a tax-deductible donation receipt for more than $ 200,000. Trump described this as a great idea, but then had the sculptures demolished with air hammers, which caused a very negative response in the press.
Due to the structural situation, no wrecking balls or dynamite could be used when the old building was demolished , and the work with pneumatic hammers and cutting torches was very time-consuming. To this end, Trump deployed hundreds of illegal Polish immigrants in the spring and summer of 1980, who had to work 12 to 18 hours a day seven days a week without protective helmets and were paid very poorly and often not at all. Anyone who complained was threatened with deportation. Eventually a union stepped in and a lawsuit ensued that lasted until 1999 and ended in a settlement .
Even with the construction of his tower, Trump attached great importance to rapid progress. The workers were busy six days a week from early in the morning until late at night. In addition, Trump got involved - which was not unusual in the New York construction industry in those years - with the "Concrete Club", a cartel controlled by the mafia unions and companies that drove up prices in the concrete industry through agreements and unwilling contractors went on strike. Trump bought the concrete from a company owned by “Fat Tony” Salerno from the Genovese family and “Big Paul” Castellano from the Gambino family . He also came to terms with John Cody, whose New York Teamsters union controlled the cement transport. When the construction industry in the city was largely paralyzed by strikes in 1982, Trump Tower remained unaffected. Cody's lover, Verina Hixon, then bought a complex of six merged apartments just below Trump's three-story penthouse , and it was upgraded very luxuriously at Trump's expense, employing 30 to 50 workers a day for six months. Once, when Trump failed to comply with one of Hixon's requests, Cody called and supplies to the construction site were suspended until work on Hixon's residential complex continued.
The Trump Tower was one of the first major construction projects in the city to be led by a woman, Barbara Res. Trump's wife Ivana was responsible for the interior design . Another important employee during these years was Louise Sunshine, who opened many doors for the young entrepreneur. The contacts with the mafia were arranged by his lawyer Roy Cohn , who had already represented mafiosi like Salerno and was friends with Cody.
Description and usage
The atrium spans five floors and is decorated in pink marble and gold. Inside there are first class shops and cafes as well as mirrors and an 18 meter high waterfall. Above there are 11 floors of offices and 38 floors of luxury apartments with spectacular views of Manhattan. The top three floors are used as residence by the Trump family.
According to Trump's description, the tower has 68 floors. However, this only corresponds to the numbering in the tower, as floors 6 to 13 were left out. In the official documents of the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), the tower is listed with 58 floors. As an argument for the difference, the Trump Organization refers to the interior height of the atrium corresponding to ten standard floors. Comparable counting methods for the floors of high-rise buildings have been used for a long time by other real estate developers in New York and other major US cities such as Chicago.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Kranish, Marc Fisher: Trump Revealed . Simon & Schuster, London 2017. pp. 85f.
- ↑ Michael Kranish, Marc Fisher: Trump Revealed . Simon & Schuster, London 2017. p. 86f.
- ↑ Michael Kranish, Marc Fisher: Trump Revealed . Simon & Schuster, London 2017. p. 88.
- ↑ Michael Kranish, Marc Fisher: Trump Revealed . Simon & Schuster, London 2017. pp. 89f.
- ↑ Michael Daly: Trump's Female Tower Boss Talks About His Half-Billion Dollar Debt, Womanizing, and How He Learned to be Shameless. In: The Daily Beast. February 25, 2016. Retrieved October 12, 2016 .
- ↑ Michael Kranish, Marc Fisher: Trump Revealed . Simon & Schuster, London 2017. p. 82.
- ↑ Michael Kranish, Marc Fisher: Trump Revealed . Simon & Schuster, London 2017. pp. 72f and 85.
- ↑ Michael Kranish, Marc Fisher: Trump Revealed . Simon & Schuster, London 2017. p. 90.
- ↑ Inside Trump Tower. In: bloomberg.com. Retrieved July 11, 2017 . ; Trump Tower. In: skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved August 14, 2016 .
- ↑ http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2003-05-31/news/0305310296_1_floors-aol-time-warner-center-trump-world-tower
Coordinates: 40 ° 45 ′ 45 " N , 73 ° 58 ′ 27" W.