Tuxpan (Jalisco)
| Tuxpan | ||
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Coordinates: 19 ° 33 ′ N , 103 ° 23 ′ W Tuxpan on the map of Jalisco
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| Basic data | ||
| Country | Mexico | |
| State | Jalisco | |
| Municipio | Tuxpan | |
| Residents | 27,523 (2010) | |
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| Detailed data | ||
| height | 1129 m | |
| City Presidency | Felipe de Jesús Rúa Vázquez | |
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Tuxpan is a small town in the south of the Mexican state Jalisco , the administrative seat of the Municipio Tuxpan on the federal road between Guadalajara and Colima . Because of the many regional holidays, Tuxpan is popularly known as the “place of eternal feast”. In the indigenous Nahuatl language, Tuxpan means "place of the hares" or "place above the river" ( tochpan ).
geography
location
Tuxpan is on the highway between Colima and Guadalajara. It is an average of 1900 meters above sea level. The Tizatirla River flows through the municipality.
climate
Due to the altitude, the climate in Tuxpan is moderate. The average temperature is 21 ° C, with highs of 30 ° C and lows of 13 ° C during the year.
history
Pre-Hispanic time
The settlement of this region goes back to the Purépecha , which were almost completely displaced by 1510. The reason was disputes with the peoples from the Colima region . The foundation of Tuxpan is dated in the community chronicle to 642 AD in the course of the Toltec migrations.
Colonial times
In early 1522, the region was discovered and colonized by the Spanish captains Cristóbal de Olid and Juan Rodríguez de Villafuerte. Around 1523, Francisco Cortés de San Buenaventura took the city of Tochpan . In 1532 the evangelization of the Indians began by Juan de Padilla, who came from Zapotlán . In 1536 a Franciscan order was founded to spread Catholic teaching. Opposite the church that was consecrated to John the Baptist , a standing cross was built in the cloister, which today is the oldest existing building from the colonial era in Jalisco .
Tuxpan after the independence of Mexico
In 1825 Tuxpan got its own community rights. In 1903 Tuxpan was declared independent from the Tamazula Department and transferred to the area of responsibility of the Department of Ciudad Guzmán . Only in 1969 does Tuxpan get its own city rights.
On April 15, 1941, Tuxpan was almost completely destroyed by an earthquake. The city market can only be inaugurated on November 20, 1951 and another 3 years pass until February 1955, when the inner stand gets new portals. This gave the place its present-day appearance.
politics
The mayor is Felipe de Jesús Rúa Vázquez from the PRI .
Economy and Infrastructure
An important economic factor in Tuxpan is the paper mill in Atenquique and the associated timber industry. Before privatization, this factory was one of the few state-owned companies that made a profit. The cultivation of sugar cane and livestock farming are also important. In recent years, efforts have been made to attract tourists to Tuxpan.
tourism
Attractions
Tuxpan City Museum
The city museum is located in the center of Tuxpan. Here you can find exhibits from the pre-Hispanic times to the present. A historical research center is attached to the museum.
Señor del Perdón
The depiction of Señor del Perdón attracts a particularly large number of tourists to Tuxpan. The image was bought by the local Franciscans in Oaxaca for 300 pesos and brought to Tuxpan. From 1862 onwards , various miracles are attributed to him, and in 1866 the pastor José M. Partida built his own altar for the portrait. Presumably the picture was created by Luis de la Cerda y Matías in Pátzcuaro . The first mention is on December 23, 1593 in the chronicles of Don Antonio Tello. Because of its value, it was kept hidden under a fabric cover for a long time and only shown on special occasions.
Atenquique
Many tourists also come to Tuxpan because of Atenquique and the buried church. In 1955 a mudslide had buried the entire place there. Only parts of the former church are visible today, which are now integrated into a park.
Customs and Traditions
Tuxpan is known as the "City of Eternal Festival". A multitude of customs and traditions are celebrated with a certain degree of pride that might otherwise have been forgotten. In addition to a confusing multitude of festivals that only individual districts celebrate, there are many festivals that the whole place celebrates. The most important festivals are:
- Fiesta de San Sebastián (last week of January to February 2): Dance of the Masked (Danza de Los Chayacates)
- Día de La Candelaria ( Candlemas , February 2nd)
- Celebración de la Semana Santa (celebration of Holy Week with the so-called:) Veladas al Señor del Perdón pull up to the Good Friday where decorated floats through the city to the Stations of the Cross display
- Fiesta patronal del Señor del Perdón (second half of May): large festival with the coronation of the queen, handicrafts, bullfighting, dances, serenatas, the dances of the Sonajeros and fireworks; in honor of the city patron
- Día de los Muertos ( All Souls Day , November 2nd): As in the rest of the country, food, flowers and candles are brought to the deceased. There is also a procession in which the image of Las Almas de Cristo is carried.
- Christmas : various Christmas dances (Danza de los Sonajeros, Danza de los Paixtles, Danza de los Moros)
gastronomy
The tacos tuxpeños with pork, which are deep-fried in a hot oil, are particularly famous . Coachala is another dish that comes from Tuxpan.
sons and daughters of the town
- Brígido Ibarra González, painter and sculptor
- Enrique Reyes Barreda (1927–2012), musician
- Francisco Castrejón (born 1946), football player
- Jesús Munguía Orozco, musician
- Leonardo Viera Contreras (1907–1977), Roman Catholic Bishop of Ciudad Guzmán
- María de Jesús Patricio Martínez (* 1963), doctor and presidential candidate
- María Teresa Naranjo Ochoa, pianist
- Miguel Vázquez Figueroa, musician
- Víctor Campos, painter
swell
- ↑ Newspaper report on the history of Señor del Perdón (span.)
- ↑ Newspaper report on the history of Señor del Perdón (span.)
Web links
- official homepage
- Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México: Tuxpan, Jalisco (Spanish)
- Unofficial page of Tuxpan : with lots of photos and current information (Spanish and English)