Shore buttercup
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Bank buttercup ( Ranunculus reptans ) |
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The bank buttercup ( Ranunculus reptans ) is a species of the genus buttercup ( Ranunculus ) within the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It is widespread in Eurasia .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The bank buttercup grows as a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant and usually reaches heights of 5 to 20, rarely up to 50 centimeters. It is prostrate-grassy growing. The bare stem is thread-like with a diameter of only 0.5 to 2 mm. The stalk members arch and root at each node. The leaves , which stand in clusters of three to five at the nodes, are spatulate to narrowly elliptical.
Generative characteristics
The flowers are single and terminal on many of the nodes. The hermaphrodite flower is radially symmetrical with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm . The petals are pale yellow and shiny. The egg-shaped nuts have a fruit beak that is about 1/3 as long as the nut itself.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.
ecology
The bank buttercup is a hydrophyte and hemicryptophyte .
Occurrence and endangerment
The bank buttercup is a Euro-Siberian-North American floral element with a circumpolar distribution. Its distribution area extends north to Iceland, northern Scandinavia, northern Siberia, Alaska, western and eastern Greenland, North America to California and New Jersey; it extends southward to northern Italy and in Asia to 50 ° north latitude.
The bank buttercup grows on banks, in the water fluctuation area between mean mean water and mean high water line, on open, wet, sometimes flooded, mostly nutrient and base poor , humus , sandy gravel soils . It is a pioneer plant and can withstand flooding for 1 to 4 months. In Central Europe it is locally a character species of the Deschampsietum rhenanae, nationally it is a Littorelletea class character.
The bank buttercup is threatened with extinction in Germany.
Systematics
The first publication of Ranunculus reptans took place in 1753 in Species Plantarum , 1, p 549. The specific epithet reptans creeping means.
Occasionally the bank buttercup ( Ranunculus reptans ) is considered a subspecies of the burning buttercup ( Ranunculus flammula subsp. Reptans (L.) Syme ).
literature
- Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
- Ranunculus reptans L., bank buttercup. In: FloraWeb.de. (Sections Description, Ecology and Hazard)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Bank buttercup. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 409.
- ^ Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (ed.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 2nd, supplemented edition. tape 1 : General Part, Special Part (Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta): Lycopodiaceae to Plumbaginaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3322-9 .
- ↑ Ranunculus reptans on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
Web links
- Shore buttercup . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Data sheet at InfoFlora - the national data and information center on Swiss flora .
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere according to: Eric Hultén , Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- Datasheet with distribution in Italy and many pictures at Schede di Botanica .
- Data sheet with photos.
