Václav František Červený

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Václav František Červený (1892)

Václav František Červený ( German : Wenzel Franz Cerveny ) (born July 27, 1819 in Prague- Dubeč, † January 19, 1896 in Hradec Králové ) was a Czech instrument maker and musician. He was a contemporary of Adolphe Sax , the inventor of the saxophone .

biography

From 1833 to 1836 he was an apprentice at the Prague toolmaker Johann Adam Bauer. After his apprenticeship he worked as a journeyman with Anton Klepsch in Vienna in 1838. In 1839 he worked with Franz Schöllnasta in Bratislava , in 1841 with the company Bereghtzasi in Pest and in the same year with Joseph Hallas in Brno .

In 1842 he founded his own wind instrument factory in Hradec Králové , an industrial city 100 kilometers east of Prague. Like Sax, Červený was busy improving musical instruments. His first known instrument was the cornon in 1844, which was used by military brass bands.

After meeting Richard Wagner in Dresden, Červený called his tuba Wagner . From 1845 onwards, Červený built B and C tubes with a large bore. Červený made many other inventions: Phonikon (1849), Baroxyton (1853), Tritonicon (1858), Alto (1859), various trumpets and a tuba (1867).

In 1853 he presented his instruments in New York , where his younger brother Frantisek opened a branch. Another branch was opened in Kiev . In 1866 his sons Jaroslav and Stanislaus joined the company as partners, which was then called VF Červený & Synové . The company's success attracted attention to the Viennese court. In 1880 Emperor Franz Josef I paid a visit to the factory. At the time, Cervený employed over 100 people and produced around 3,000 brass instruments a year.

The imperial baritone became known in 1882, because of its sound quality. The baritone horn was named in honor of the Austrian emperor. The model also became popular abroad, in England it was introduced under the name Emperor bass . In 1884, Cervený finally patented the Kaiserbass, a tuba with a particularly wide build in order to achieve maximum tone volume.

A major order was in 1885, when 6000 instruments were sold to the Russian army. One of the employees of Červený was Josef Schediwa (1853–1915), who later went into business for himself and from 1880 built up a successful wind instrument factory in Odessa .

Červený instruments have been awarded at many world exhibitions, such as 1854 in Munich, Paris 1855, 1867, 1878, and 1889, Vienna 1873, Philadelphia 1876, Barcelona 1888 and first prize in 1893 in Chicago.

He received several medals for his services. Červený died in 1896. His funeral procession was accompanied by three bands whose silent instruments were wrapped in crepe .

literature

Web links

Commons : Václav František Červený  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dvůr Václava Františka Červeného. Gradace Development, spol. s ro, 2009, accessed October 22, 2010 (Czech).
  2. ↑ a b c History of VFČervený Hradec Králové. Amati-Denak, 2010, archived from the original on September 10, 2012 ; Retrieved October 22, 2010 (Czech).
  3. ↑ a b c Euphonium by VF Červený & Fils, Königgräts, Bohemia, approx. 1900. National Music Museum, October 22, 2007, accessed on October 22, 2010 (English).
  4. ^ Anthony Baines: Brass Instruments: Their History and Development . Dover Publications, 1993, ISBN 978-0-486-27574-1 (English).
  5. ↑ www.schneideruwe.de tubahistoria
  6. ↑ Schediphon by Josef Josefovich Schediwa, Odessa, The Ukraine, patented in 1901. National Music Museum, October 22, 2007, accessed on October 22, 2010 (English).
personal data
SURNAME Červený, Václav František
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Cerveny, Wenzel Franz (German)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech instrument maker and musician
DATE OF BIRTH July 27, 1819
PLACE OF BIRTH Dubeč
DATE OF DEATH January 19, 1896
Place of death Hradec Králové