Varamin
| Waramin Varāmīn |
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| Basic data | |||
| Country: |
 Iran
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| Province : | Tehran | ||
| Coordinates : | 35 ° 19 ′ N , 51 ° 39 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 915 m | ||
| Residents : | 218,991 (2011) | ||
| Time zone : | UTC +3: 30 | ||
Varamin ( Persian ورامين Varāmīn , DMG Warāmin ) is a large city in the province of Tehran .
geography
Waramin lies on a fertile plain that is irrigated from the Alborz mountain ranges . The plain is at a height of 915 m . The city is about 42 km south of the capital. It has almost 220,000 inhabitants (10/2011 census). In the past 20 years, the population has almost quadrupled, a high rate of population growth, as can be seen in many Iranian cities.
history
The city gained considerable importance among the Mongols after the ancient center of power Rey was destroyed. Despite bitter opposition, Rey was finally defeated by the Mongol onslaught in 1221. Tehran followed as the capital, and Vāramīn also gained considerable regional influence.
The area around Varamin is home to various ethnic groups such as the Kurds , the lur , Afshar , Shahsavan, Qhashqhai , Turkomen and Arabs . Many of the previously mentioned and formerly nomadic ethnic groups were settled by Reza Shah Pahlavi as part of his policy of fragmentation in the 1920s.
economy
The city has a long tradition of making excellent - long - kilims and taxidermis.
traffic
The city has a station on the Trans-Iranian Railway .
Qarechak prison
The notorious Qaretschak prison is located near Varamin. It was converted from a poultry farm into a detention center. The trade unionist Sepide Gholyan is serving an 18-year prison sentence in the prison and reports in an audio transcript to the BBC about terrorist justice and the circumstances of torture during interrogations in which confessions are to be extracted.
Attractions
Some old sights have been preserved in Waramin.
The Friday mosque of Waramin dates from 1326. It is a typical four-iwan mosque with unusual stucco work on the right side of the building. The west side is destroyed. The remains of the mosque can be secured and thus preserved by means of scaffolding trains. It bears characteristic features of the Ilchane architecture, such as the emphasis on the vertical tendency and rich decor made of glazed ceramic. From the time of the peace-loving Timurid Shāh Ruch (15th century) comes a beautiful, gate-like niche let into the wall, a so-called mihrab .
The Emamzadeh Yahya is a ball grave located on the outskirts of the city. The original tiles from the 13th century are now distributed in various museums. The tombstone, made in 1307, can be found in the Hermitage in Saint Petersburg.
A well-preserved brick tomb tower in honor of Aladdin, a descendant of the Prophet, has been preserved from 1289. Another important mosque in the city is the Masjed-e Serif , of which only the portal remains. It dates from the year 1307. Another striking feature is an octagonal tomb tower from 1330, where Shah Hossein found his final resting place.
The city can be easily visited from Tehran as part of a day's visit. Shared taxis and minibuses operate.
See also
literature
- Hans Berger: Iran . Conrad Stein Verlag , 5th edition, 2001, ISBN 3-89392-273-3 (travel manual).
- Umberto Scerrato: Islam - Monuments of Great Cultures . 1972 (license issue, order number: 012 724).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ October 2011 census
- ↑ Black-Michaud: Persia, pp. 218, 343, 387.
- ↑ carpetdiem ( Memento of the original from April 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Ali Schirasi : Iran: From Poultry Farming to Prison , May 9, 2011, downloaded September 16, 2019
- ↑ Ali Schirasi : Iran: Sepide Gholyan, 18 years in prison for fighting for workers' rights , downloaded on September 16, 2019
- ↑ Umberto Scerrato, Islam , p. 95 (see bibliography)
