Network (cooperation)

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In the broader sense, an association refers to all cooperation between companies or other associations of persons that pursue common interests or goals .

General

The association is a corporate relationship in which the companies pursue one or more common interests or goals while remaining legally and usually also economically independent of one another. The network partners only form an economic entity. The network is often externally recognizable through a uniform corporate design . An association differs from an association in that the latter has members who join forces on the basis of a statute , while the association consists of cooperating association partners. In the group , the individual subsidiaries lose their economic independence.

species

In the horizontal network ("cross-network"), the partners are located at the same processing level or trade level, in the vertical they belong to different levels. A typical horizontal network is the so-called range gravity, horizontal cooperation between trading companies from different branches of industry with the aim of making shopping easier for consumers through one-stop shopping . The community warehouse is also part of the horizontal network. In the case of a vertical network, a distinction is made between cross-level, forward or backward integrating network systems, depending on whether the initiative for the operational connection comes from wholesalers or retailers . In addition to the primary sector , trade is also integrated into the vertical network .

organization

The prevailing organizational principle of an association is the decentralization of the operative business with the autonomous and not bound association partners on site. The composite tip is usually like a governing body organized to advise the alliance partners in composite questions, ensures uniform presence and visibility and the group strategy sets.

Legal issues

An association is considered to be a business association which, according to Section 24 GWB, may set up competition rules for its association area. These determine the behavior of Verbund companies in competition for the purpose of counteracting behavior in competition that contradicts the principles of fair competition or the effectiveness of competitive competition and to encourage behavior in competition that corresponds to these principles.

economic aspects

In business administration , the group effect is “the effect of a member company belonging to a group”. Combined effects result from the production of more than one product on the basis of a common, non-competitive use of production factors, with the advantages of a network consisting in particular of combined effects. The network effect has a larger value chain than that of any individual network partner, and synergy effects and cost advantages can also arise. In contrast to economies of scale , composite effects are not attributable to the size of the company , but rather to a larger product range ( product-oriented composite effects ) and greater spatial expansion ( regional composite effects ).

Today's network systems include, in particular, joint ventures and strategic alliances . The latter include the pharmacy cooperation , library association , purchasing association , cooperative financial group, Volksbanken Raiffeisenbanken , S-Finanzgruppe or the regional transport association . The best known association is the ARD .

The network system of the S-Finanzgruppe, for example, consists of DekaBank Deutsche Girozentrale , the Landesbanken , Sparkassen , Sparkassen Broker , the DSV Group (Deutscher Sparkassenverlag) , the Landesbausparkassen , Deutsche Leasing , public insurers and other companies. It forms a three-level vertical association, whereby an individual savings bank can not or may not provide certain financial services itself, but customer loyalty through other companies in the association is maintained through cooperation. Among the composite business segments of the savings bank sector, among others, the savings business and real estate financing , the investment business , the lease - and factoring -Business, the Metakredit and the insurance business . The aim of the association is to form an all-finance group in order to guarantee “one-stop financing”.

The complexity of the network systems derives from the number of network partners on the horizontal and vertical level and from the variety of financial, personal and performance relationships between the partners. Through a bundling of several products related to the association, objective, spatial or temporal association effects can be achieved. For example, in the chemical industry, the waste materials from one production process can also be intermediate goods in another production process. Each network partner uses its own market potential with the same customer , so that the customer does not have to leave the network.

Verbundwirtschaft

Network economy is understood to be a mostly technical-organizational form of economy in which two or more companies combine for the purpose of close cooperation in order to improve economic efficiency or profitability . In the case of a horizontal network , companies at the same processing level are linked as, for example, power plants , because knowledge of the base and peak loads has led to the network economy. In the case of a vertical network economy , the production processes of different processing stages are linked, such as in the mining industry .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rolf Giese, The importance of connected economy for the determination of economic units , 1970, p. 73 FN 4
  2. ↑ Klaus Barth, Betriebswirtschaftslehre des Handels , 1988, p. 115 f.
  3. ^ Klaus Barth, Betriebswirtschaftslehre des Handels , 1988, p. 116
  4. ↑ Klaus Barth, Betriebswirtschaftslehre des Handels , 1988, p. 111
  5. ↑ Reinhold Sellien / Helmut Sellien (eds.), Gablers Wirtschafts-Lexikon , 1988, Sp. 2051
  6. ↑ Reinhold Sellien / Helmut Sellien (eds.), Gablers Wirtschafts-Lexikon , 1988, Sp. 2051
  7. Jump up ↑ Wolfgang Everling, Verbundeffekt and its acquisition , in: Betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung und Praxis , 1963, p. 204
  8. ↑ Monika Bachinger, Stakeholder Value in Regional Development Processes , 2012, p. 30
  9. ↑ Jürgen Weber / Norbert Knorren, Implementation Shareholder Value , 1997, p. 1966
  10. ↑ Harald Hungenberg / Torsten Wulf, Principles of Corporate Management , 2015, p. 134
  11. ↑ Ludwig G. Poth / Marcus Pradel / Gudrun S. Poth, Gabler Kompakt-Lexikon Marketing , 2003, p. 531
  12. ↑ Gustav Adolf Schröder , The Sparkasse Association in Competition , in: Die Sparkasse (Issue 12), 1997, p. 572 ff.
  13. ↑ Hans E. Büschgen, Bankbetriebslehre: Banking transactions and bank management , 1999, p. 93
  14. ↑ Alfred Boele, Internationalization of banking network systems , 1995, p. 54
  15. ↑ Bernd W. Wirtz, Mergers & Acquisitions Management Manual , 2006, p. 65
  16. ↑ Dr. Th. Gabler Verlag (Ed.), Gablers Wirtschafts-Lexikon , Volume 6, 1984, Sp. 1857 f.
  17. ^ Alfred Begemann, The network economy in the German electricity supply , 1935, p. III
  18. ↑ Verlag Dr. Th. Gabler (Hrsg.), Bank-Lexikon: Concise dictionary for the banking and savings bank system , 1978, Sp. 967