Treaty of Plyussa

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The Treaty of Pljussa ( Russian Плюсское перемирие , Swedish Stilleståndet i Pliusa ) was a ceasefire agreement between Tsarist Russia and Sweden . He ended the Livonian War (1558–1583).

requirements

The armistice of Pljussa became possible because the armistice between Poland-Lithuania and Russia in January 1582 had worsened the military situation for Sweden. At the same time, Russia continued to be under pressure because of the threat of an attack by the Tatars . This made both the Russian Tsar Ivan IV and the Swedish King John III. inclined to peace.

Negotiations and results

The negotiations on an armistice took place in Pljussa (German Plusmund ), about five kilometers from Narva at the confluence of the Pljussa river into the Narva (the village no longer exists since it was flooded by the Narva reservoir in the 1950s ). The Swedish negotiator was Pontus De la Gardie . The armistice was signed on August 10, 1583. It was initially agreed for a period of three years (calculated from June 29, 1583).

The treaty stipulated that both Sweden and Russia should keep the territories conquered in the war. According to the provisions of the treaty, Sweden retained above all the occupied Russian cities and fortresses Ivangorod , Jama , Koporje and Kexholm with the surrounding districts. In addition, it remained in the possession of Estonia and large parts of Ingermanland . Russia retained a narrow access to the Baltic Sea at the mouth of the Neva between the Strelka (now part of Saint Petersburg ) and Sestra . In addition, free trade between the two countries was agreed.

On the death of Ivan IV. In March 1584 cease-fire by his successor I. Fyodor confirmed.

Second armistice at Plyussa

The Treaty of Pljussa was extended to a further four years by the second Treaty of Pljussa of December 19, 1585 (calculated from January 6, 1586). On the way back from the negotiations, Pontus De la Gardie died in a shipwreck on the Narva.

Peace of Teusina

When the armistice expired in 1590, Russia attacked Sweden again to (recapture) the Narva fortress and other parts of the Baltic region from Sweden. In the Russo-Swedish War 1590–1595 , Russia was able to bring back the lost territories. Peace negotiations began in 1593. They dragged on for two years until the Peace of Teusina was concluded between the two countries in 1595 .

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