Vincențiu Babes

Vincențiu Babeș after 1860

Vincenţiu Babeş , even Vincent Babes , (* 21 January 1821 in Hodoni , † January 21 ^jul. / 3. February  1907 ^greg. In Budapest ) was Romanian lawyer , newspaper editor and author , as well as politicians, Member of the Hungarian Parliament and co-founder of Romanian Academy .

biography

Hodoni, church

Vincențiu Babeș originally carried the family name Crâşmaru. After his parents, farmers with their own property, died early, Vicențiu was adopted by his grandfather Mitra Babes, a well-read man who had no more children. The boy would later embark on a spiritual career. After finishing the German Lyceum in Szeged in 1841, he studied theology at the seminary in Arad , but immediately (1843) law at the University of Budapest and Kecskemét .

The lawyer

In 1846 he became a member of the Magistrate of the city of Arad and was sent to Vienna as a representative for the implementation of Romanian rights . After receiving his lawyer diploma in 1848, he returned to Arad, where he first worked as a teacher and then as an inspector of the Romanian schools. Shortly afterwards he was sent to Vienna with a delegation, where he was supposed to demand that the interests of the Diocese of Arad and the Romanian population in the Mureș and Kreisch area be observed.

After starting a family, he stayed in Vienna for years, where he became secretary of the Supreme Court of Cassation in February 1851, and in 1859 he was given the rank of privy councilor. Appointed court secretary in 1860, he was promoted to judge at the Court of Cassation in Budapest in 1862. From 1863 to 1869 he was president of the royal table in Pest. In 1869 he opened a legal advice office in the city. He resigned after 22 years for political reasons.

The politician

In the Hungarian Reichstag

Hungarian Reichstag

Babes devoted all of his political energy to fighting for the rights of the predominantly Romanian population in Banat and Transylvania.

On February 23, 1869 a national conference of the political leaders of the Romanians in Transylvania took place in Miercurea Sibiului , who founded the "Partidul Național Român (PNR) din Transilvania", the "Romanian National Party of Transylvania". This was banned by the Hungarian authorities by return of post on March 22nd of that year, on the grounds that, according to the Nationalities Act, the only existing nationality in Hungary was Hungarian, and thus there was no right to found another nationality party. The lawyer was elected to the Hungarian Chamber of Deputies for almost 30 years. Even before the retired Imperial and Royal General and Romanian patriot Trajan Doda (January 10, 1874) was unanimously elected to the Hungarian House of Representatives in Caransebeş , Babeş received his mandate in the constituency of Weißkirchen (Biserica Albă) , near Werschetz (Vârşeț) , on November 14, 1873 with the majority of the Romanian population residing there. In his questions and speeches he defended the concerns of the Romanian nation. The most important of them were determined by the problem of the union of Transylvania with Hungary, the rights of Romanian schools and churches as well as all important questions about nationality law in the course of the Magyarization from 1875. His logically structured and energetic lectures are said to have been models of rhetoric.

In the Unification Conference of Sibiu from May 12th to 14th, 1881 he was co-founder of the now "Partidul Național Român (PNR) din Ungaria și Transilvania" ("Romanian National Party of Hungary and Transylvania"), which consists of the unification of the im Underground further working “PNR for Transylvania” and “PNR for the Banat and Hungary” emerged. She continued to fight for the national rights of all Romanians in said areas. From 1890 to 1891 he was its chairman.

He also campaigned for Orthodoxy. He supported the efforts of the Metropolitan of Sibiu Andrei Șaguna for the reorganization of the metropolitan area of ​​Transylvania, the leading supporter of this idea. He was also a consultant for the commission in Karlowitz which had to settle the differences of opinion between Romanians and Serbs in Hungary over the distribution of the funds of the churches and monasteries.

The man of letters

Former main building of the Romanian Academy

In 1860 the politician published a study with the name “The Language and Nationality Question in Austria”, in which the basic right of citizens to use their own language in public life, education, the church and the government are called for.

On April 1, 1866 Babeş was one of the founders of the Romanian Academy ( Romanian : Academia Română) and became a member of ASTRA and the “Societatea literară” (“Literary Society”). There he supported for the new dictionary among other things, together with his Transylvanian colleagues, "the classical form in our language", that means the retention of some technical terms in one word, but not their misuse.

In the same year, together with the boyars Alexandru and Andrei Mosconi, who were also constituent members of the Academy, he founded the Romanian magazine "Albina" ("The Bee") in Vienna, of which he remained director until 1876. He wrote numerous articles which exposed the unsatisfactory situation of the Romanians in Transylvania. The most famous Romanian who published in this newspaper was Mihai Eminescu . But his friend, General Alexander Guran , also frequently contributed articles. Babes also worked on the "Gazeta Transilvaniei", the "Telegraful Român" and in particular with the "Luminătorul" from Timișoara .

The author wrote numerous reports on Romanian history and its folkloric literature. Noteworthy are the essays on Avram Iancu and Aron Crainic , which prove that he was a connoisseur of the social movements of 1848 and the history of the Romanian people. He also contributed greatly to the work of the various commissions appointed by the Academy.

Vincențiu Babeș after 1900

family

The lawyer married Sophia Goldschneider in Vienna in 1851, followed by Zuckor, who converted to the Romanian Orthodox faith. The couple had nine children. One of his sons was the bacteriologist and morphopathologist Victor Babes (1854-1926). The eldest son, Aurel (* 1853 in Vienna; † 19 .. in Bucharest ), was a well-known chemist who wrote several specialist books. His son Aurel (born December 11, 1886 in Bucharest; † August 7, 1962), grandson of Vincențiu, was one of the inventors of the vaginal swab procedure known today as the Papanicolau test . Romania now offers this method of early cancer detection as the "Babeş-Papanicolaou test".

In 1936 the remains of this important Romanian were transferred to Hodoni. Gymnasium No. 21 in Timișoara is named after Vincențiu.

literature

• George Cipăianu: "Vincențiu Babeș 1821-1907", publisher: Editura Facla, Timişoara 1980, 234 pp.
• Vincențiu Babeș, Mihail P. Dan, George Cipăianu, Ana Maria Cipăianu: "Corespondența lui Vincențiu Babeș", Volume 1, Dacia Publishing House, Cluj-Napoca 1976
• Aurel Cosma: "Bănățeni de altă dată", Volume 1, Timișoara, Tipografia Unirea Română 1933

Web links

• Vincențiu Babes

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} http://www.compendium.ro/pers_detalii.php?id_pers=443
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Analele Academiei Române, Seria II, 1906-1907, Institutul de Arte grafice Carol Göbl, Bucharest, 1907, p 65 ff.
3. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from October 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ↑ http://jurnalul.ro/calendar/luni-23-februarie-2009-144957.html
5. ^ Felix Milleker : "History of the Banat Military Border: 1764–1873", Wittigschläger Verlag, Pancsova 1925, p. 287
6. ↑ Ioan Scurtu: "Din viața politică a României - Studiu critic privind istoria Partidului Național-Țărănesc", Editura Științifică și Pedagogică, Bucharest, 1983, p. 12 ff.
7. ↑ http://www.zeno.org/Pagel-1901/A/Babes,+Victor
8. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
9. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.