Vindhya Mountains
| Vindhya Mountains | |
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 Location of the Vindhya Mountains |
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 Vindhya Mountains during the monsoons |
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| location | Madhya Pradesh , Uttar Pradesh , Gujarat (India) |
| Coordinates | 22 ° 40 ′ N , 81 ° 45 ′ E |
The Vindhyagebirge ( English Vindhya Range ; Hindi विन्ध्याचल , Vindhyācala ) is an up to 850 m high mountain range in central India . In the long Indian history, the term "Vindhya" referred to all central mountain ranges north of the Dekkan Plateau and south of the Ganges - today another geographical delimitation has prevailed that covers the easternmost part, i.e. H. the area around Amarkantak , a separate mountain region ( Maikal range ). The Indian state of Madhya Pradesh is largely shaped by the Vindhya Mountains.
course
The Vindhya Mountains extend for around 1000 km in a west-east direction from the extreme east of the state of Gujarat to the southeast of Uttar Pradesh . Most of it runs through Madhya Pradesh and parallel to the Satpura Mountains south of the Narmada River . Some consider the mountains to be part of the Deccan Highlands, others draw clear boundaries. The southern roof to the ditch of the Narmada river is steep, to the north the Vindhya mountains drop more gently.
The Vindhya Plateau is located north of the central section of the Vindhya Mountains. The two largest cities of Madhya Pradesh, Indore and the capital Bhopal are located there; to the north the area becomes much flatter and gradually merges into the Yamuna or Ganges plain - here are cities such as Gwalior , Morena or Jhansi . In the northeastern foothills of the Vindhya Mountains are the historic regions of Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand with cities such as Mahoba , Panna , Satna or Rewa .
geography
The Vindhya Mountains, which are quite rich in forests and rain for central Indian conditions (approx. 900 to 1200 mm / year), reach their maximum height of approx. 850 m in the south-west of Indore and north-east of Mandu ; most towns and villages are at heights of 200 to 400 m . The larger rivers of the Vindhya Mountains ( Chambal , Betwa , Ken, etc.) drain mainly to the north and northwest and ultimately flow into the Yamuna , which in turn flows into the Ganges at Prayagraj ; on the south side of the mountain range the Narmada receives numerous small tributaries and in the southwest only the Mahi rises , which flows into the Arabian Sea in the state of Gujarat .
Culture
Rock paintings , the oldest evidence of human culture in India, can be found in today's Madhya Pradesh near Bhimbetka or north of Bhanpura . In the flat and fertile northern part of the mountains, the Buddhist stupas of Sanchi , Bharhut u. a., also the cave temples of Udayagiri or the unique Heliodoros column are located here. In the Gupta period , i.e. H. around 400 to 600 AD the first constructive Hindu temples in India were built ( Sanchi , Tigawa , Kunda and others); the Middle Ages brought about the great temples of Gyaraspur , Badoh or Khajuraho . Later the castles and palaces of Gwalior, Orchha and Mandu were built .
See also
- Vindhya Supergroup (Geology)
Web links
- Vindhya Mountains - Photo + Info (English)