Scented grapevine
| Scented grapevine | ||||||||||||
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Leaf of the fragrant grapevine |
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| Vitis vulpina | ||||||||||||
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The fragrant grapevine or winter grapevine ( Vitis vulpina ) is a climbing shrub with black or dark blue fruits from the grapevine family (Vitaceae). The natural range of the species is in the United States . The species is rarely cultivated .
description
The scented grapevine is a 15 to 20 meter high climbing shrub with branched, fox-red tendrils. The medullary septa are 2 to 5 millimeters thick. The leaves are divided into leaf blade and petiole. The leaf blade is simple, 10 to 12 centimeters long, broadly ovate, unlobed or slightly three-lobed with a heart-shaped base and a narrow, acute-angled petiole. The edge of the leaf is irregularly and roughly serrated with sharp teeth. The upper side of the leaf is shiny green, the underside light green and finally hirsute along the veins .
The fragrant flowers grow in 10 to 25 centimeters long, multi-flowered panicles . The fruits are black or dark blue, slightly frosted and have a diameter of 0.8 to 1 centimeter. The fruits are very sour and only sweet and edible after exposure to frost.
The fragrant grapevine blooms in June.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.
Occurrence and location requirements
The natural range is in the eastern United States and ranges from Indiana , Wisconsin and South Dakota to Florida and Texas . The scented grapevine grows in floodplains and on river banks, on moderately dry, fresh to moist, neutral to alkaline, sandy-gravelly, very nutrient-rich soils in sunny to light-shaded, cool to cold locations.
Systematics
The scented grapevine ( Vitis vulpina ) is a species from the genus of grapevines ( Vitis ), where it is assigned to the subgenus Vitis . The genus is assigned to the subfamily Vitoideae in the family of grapevines (Vitaceae). The species was first scientifically validated by Carl von Linné in 1753 . The generic name Vitis comes from Latin and is used for the "grapevine" as well as the "tendril". The specific epithet vulpina also comes from Latin and refers to the "fox". It alludes neither to the fable of the fox and the grapes , nor to the color of the tendrils, but to the peculiar taste of the wines made from American wild grapes , which is known as the fox tone (fox taste ).
use
The scented grapevine is sometimes used because of the fruit or as an ornamental plant.
literature
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 682.
- Jost Fitschen : Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 868 .
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).
Individual evidence
- ^ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 682 and according to Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 870
- ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 682
- ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 682
- ^ Vitis vulpina at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c Vitis vulpina. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed July 8, 2012 .
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 689
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 691
Web links
Vitis vulpina. In: The Plant List. Retrieved July 8, 2012 .