Volmestein

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Coat of arms of those of Volmestein

Volmestein is the name of an aristocratic family from the Rhineland that has been ministerial to the Archbishops of Cologne since the 12th century . Their ancestral seat is Volmarstein Castle, built around 1100 by Archbishop Friedrich I. von Schwarzenburg on the archbishop's escort road from Cologne to Soest above the confluence of the Volme into the Ruhr , where they were employed as archbishop's castle men in the 11th century.

history

A Henricus de Sotatio was mentioned in 1072 as a feudal bearer of the Archbishops of Cologne. It is therefore assumed that the gentlemen von Volmestein come from the Soest area . In this context, the "Byfang Hinderking" is being discussed as the headquarters, but the Volmesteiners also owned other places in the Soester Börde .

Heinrich I von Volmestein is the first documented representative of the family under this name in 1134. In the following years he often appeared as a seal witness and companion of the Archbishops of Cologne and the Hohenstaufen kings and emperors.

Heinrich II. (Approx. 1180 to approx. 1250) tried to expand his power and from 1234 got into a dispute with his liege lord, Archbishop Heinrich I von Müllenark , who claimed full ownership of the castle complexes on the Ruhr. In 1237 he married the superior Sophie von Isenberg, a daughter of Count Friedrich von Isenberg , who was executed by the archbishop in 1226 . The disputes were finally settled, the desired increase in status was not achieved. The Lords of Volmestein remained noblemen and thus formally belonged to the lower nobility.

Henry III. von Volmestein (* approx. 1210) experienced in the second half of the 13th century, against the background of imperial politics, an aggravation of the situation in the Rhineland and Westphalia. He was repeatedly involved in military conflicts on the part of the Archbishops of Cologne, with the Counts of the Mark , who sought independence from the Archbishops of Cologne and Dukes of Westphalia, proved to be the main opponents of Kurköln .

The castle ruins of Volmarstein today

Dietrich I. von Volmerstein (1237 to approx. 1324) married Kunigunde von Lindenhorst from Dortmund. In the early summer of 1288, at the end of the six-year Limburg succession dispute, the coupleexperiencedthe conquest of Volmestein Castle by the troops of Count Eberhard I. von der Mark . He was denied access to his residence until 1307. After it was returned to Archbishop Heinrich II of Virneburg , the damaged castle was re-fortified and returned to Dietrich I. On May 21, 1324, Count Engelbert II von der Mark began a two-month siege of Castle Volmestein. He was supported by troops from King John of Bohemia , Count Adolf VI, among others . von Berg , Count Wilhelm III. from Holland-Hainaut and the city of Cologne . The castle was captured according to the rules of medieval "art of siege": heavy catapult guns and other weapons were used. After the castle was handed over on July 25, 1324, the rule of Volmestein formally came into the possession of the Counts of the Mark. It is unclear whether Dietrich I. von Volmestein survived the loss of his ancestral castle in the Ruhr Valley. At the time of the siege he fought as a knight on the side of the archbishop on the Lower Rhine and is said to have died.

Dietrich II von Volmerstein , then the underage son of Dietrich I, and two other siblings had been given to guardians of their properties in the Münsterland and on Hellweg. Due to the events, however, the Lords of Volmestein had lost their political importance. However, even after the loss of their ancestral castle, the extensive feudal chamber remained and they remained important feudal lords in the region. In the narrower Hagen area alone, they owned more than 100 fiefdoms in the middle of the 14th century. These included the Werdringen moated castle as well as many estates and farms on the Ruhr , Volme and Ennepe . However, after the serious conflicts at the beginning of the 14th century and in 1324, the family was also financially troubled.

Dietrich III. von Volmerstein lived on the knight's seat in Drensteinfurt , which was built around 1300 by Gerwins von Rinkerode . He was married to Agnes von Döring (1328 – ‌1380).

Dietrich IV. Von Volmerstein (* 1335; † 1396) grew up in Drensteinfurt. In 1369 he soldseveral farms, fish rights and a mill located near Hagento the knight Hermann von Syberg at Haus Busch, and other goods near Dahl and Rummenohl came into the possession of the Limburg Count's House through exchange. In 1381 the Archbishop of Cologne, Friedrich III. von Saar become after long disputes the Count Engelbert III. from the Mark finally full suzerainty over the rule of Volmestein. Volmestein Castle was re-fortified as part of the Brandenburg rule. However, it was no longer important and fell into disrepair in the 16th century. In 1389 Dietrich IV married Countess Elisabeth von Limburg, the third marriage. At this time, the older line of the Counts of Limburg from the Altena-Isenberg family experienceda final heyday, only to die out at the beginning of the following century. At the time of the wedding with the countess from the House of Limburg, who was higher in her nobility, the main residence of the Volmestein family was on the moated castle Heessen near Hamm . The castle was a fiefdom of the Counts of Limburg. The lavish lifestyle and participation in numerous feuds ultimately led to the Lords of Volmestein becoming overindebted towards the end of the 14th century.

Johann von Volmestein , Dietrich IV's only son, was the last male representative of the Lords of Volmestein entitled to inheritance. After his death (after 1430) the Rinkeroder and Volmarsteiner property and the Volmarsteinsche Lehnskammer fell to the von der Recke family through the marriage of his sister Agnes (Neyse) to Goddert von der Recke . Marshal Georg von Volmarstein , however, is still in the bridal suite of Eleonore Helena of Portugal on the occasion of her wedding to Emperor Friedrich III. mentioned in March 1452.

Coat of arms of the Counts of Recke-Volmerstein

coat of arms

The coat of arms shows in silver three red leaves placed at an angle to a red ball. On the crowned helmet with red and silver covers the shield figure between two silver buffalo horns.

genealogy

  1. Goswin
  2. Heinrich I (mentioned in a document in 1134)
    1. Everhard, provost and canon
    2. Gerhard Snar ( gift from the Archbishop of Cologne )
    3. Goswin
    4. Count Heinrich II. ( Mentioned in 1216 as the nobleman of Archbishop Engelbert I )
      1. Eberhard
      2. Goswin (Canon)
      3. Gottschalk
      4. Hedwig (Hathewig), abbess at Herdecke monastery
      5. Count Heinrich III. († around 1258)
        1. Marriage: Christine
          1. Henry IV.
        2. Marriage: Agnes
          1. Adolf
          2. Agnes, ⚭ with N from Hörde
          3. Count Dietrich I († around 1313/1314)
            1. Marriage: Elisabeth von Brakel († 1294)
              1. Bertold
              2. Count Dietrich II. († approx. 1324), ⚭ since 1304 at the latest with Gostie von Rinkerode
                1. Count Dietrich III. († 1350), ⚭ since 1328 with Agnes von Döring († 1380), daughter of Johann von Döring and Agnes von Wisch (Wysch)
                  1. Dietrich IV. (* 1335, † October 3, 1396).
                    1. Marriage: before 1369 Gostie von Büren († 1379), widow of Godert von Meschede († around 1360)
                    2. Marriage: 1380 Jutta von Schwalenberg (* 1350, † 1386), daughter of Heinrich VI. von Schwalenberg and the Mechthild von Rietberg
                    3. Marriage: 1386 Countess Elisabeth of Limburg († after September 10, 1408)
                      1. Neyse (Agnes * 1389, † before 1447), ⚭ 1414 with Goddert II. Von der Recke (* 1370, † 1429), son of Diederich von Recke
                      2. Johannes (* 1396, † 1429), ⚭ 1414 with Elisabeth von Wisch (Wysch, † 1447)
                        1. Dietrich V. († before 1429)
                        2. Elisabeth († before 1429)
                2. Elisabeth (Elise), ⚭ with Burgrave Heinrich von Stromberg
                  1. Johann von Stromberg
                  2. Reke
              3. Henry VII
              4. Kunigunde
              5. Lutgardis
              6. Mathilde, abbess at Herdecke monastery
              7. Sophie, ⚭ with Count Gottfried von Sayn
              8. Werner, Cathedral Canon of Paderborn
            2. Marriage: Kunigunde von Lindenhorst (* in Dortmund)
              1. Henry VIII
          4. Engelbert
          5. Everhard, canon
          6. Friedrich
          7. Henry V.
            1. Henry VI.
          8. Hermann
          9. Mathilde, ⚭ with Werner von Brakel
        3. Marriage: around 1258 Sophie von Isenberg-Limburg (also called "von Altena"), childless

See also

literature

  • Kindlinger, Nikolaus: History of the family and rule of Volmestein. A contribution to the history of farming and feudalism and the state constitution, Vol. 1–2, Osnabrück 1801.
  • Krumbholtz, Robert (arrangement): Document book of the von Volmerstein and von der Recke families until 1437, Münster 1917.
  • Ludorff, Albert (edit.): The architectural and art monuments of the district of Hagen-Land and Hagen-Stadt, with historical introductions by Darpe, ed. from the Provinzial-Verbande der Provinz Westfalen, Münster 1910, pp. 57–58.
  • Recke von Volmerstein, Adelbert Graf von der: Lehndienst and noble economic management in the late Middle Ages, depicted in the life of Dietrich von Volmerstein. Inaugural dissertation from the Faculty of Economics at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 2001.
  • Recke-Volmerstein, Constantin von der: Geschichte der Herren von der Recke, Breslau 1878.
  • Brandstäter, Prof. E .: "Volmarstein", yearbook of the association for local and regional studies in the county of Mark, 12th year 1897–1898.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Johann Jacob Fugger Lugger: Mirror of the honors of the most commendable Kayser and Royal ore house of Austria . 1668, p. 577 .