Friedrich I of Schwarzenburg
Friedrich von Schwarzenburg (* around 1075/1078; † 25. October 1131 at Castle Wolkenburg ) was from 1100 bis 1131 than I. Friedrich Archbishop of Cologne .
Life
Friedrich came from Schwarzenburg near Rötz in what was then Nordgau (today Upper Palatinate). Franz Tyroller sees in him a son of Berthold I von Schwarzenburg and his wife Richgardis von Spanheim-Istria. However, neither his mother nor his father's first name has been proven beyond doubt.
Friedrich studied in Bamberg and France . Before he was made Archbishop of Cologne by Emperor Heinrich IV on January 6, 1100 , he was a canon in Bamberg and Speyer . Also in 1100 the construction of the Volmarstein Castle began on his instructions .
In 1102 the archbishop bought the towns of Hachen (near Sundern ) and Werl from the property of the Counts of Werl . In addition, after the conquest of the city of Arnsberg , Count Friedrich von Arnsberg was forced to give up half of his county in favor of Cologne. Friedrich thus increased Cologne's influence in Westphalia considerably.
In 1106 he switched to King Henry V's side in the dispute between the emperor and his son , which led to a conflict with Rome . On July 25, 1110, Archbishop Friedrich I crowned Mathilde , the bride of King Heirich V, in Mainz , whom he followed in 1111 on the Italian expedition for the imperial coronation. However, he later turned away from Heinrich V and defeated him in 1114 in a battle near Andernach . St. Norbert von Xanten received his training from Friedrich I at a young age and was ordained a priest by him around 1115 in Cologne. Norbert later founded the Premonstratensian order. Friedrich secured the south of the Archbishopric of Cologne by building several fortifications. In 1118 he built Wolkenburg Castle on a hilltop of the Siebengebirge and in 1122 Rolandseck Castle on the opposite side of the Rhine. He is also credited with building Drachenfels Castle .
In 1122 he was involved in the drafting of the Worms Concordat as advisor and arch chancellor for imperial Italy. In the same year he brokered the marriage of his niece Margareta von Schwarzenburg to Count Adolf von Saffenberg. On August 24, 1125, he voted for Lothar von Supplinburg in the election against Frederick of Swabia , after he had first offered the crown to Charles of Flanders . On September 13, 1125, he crowned Lothar in Aachen as Roman-German King Lothar III.
Friedrich died on October 25, 1131 in the Wolkenburg he had built and was buried on December 9 in the Siegburg Abbey, where two of his brothers also rest. During excavations in the abbey church after the Second World War , 18 graves from the time before the baroque renovation were found, the grave of Archbishop Friedrich I has not yet been discovered. In the Cologne Cathedral Library there is a valuable manuscript, the so-called Friedrich Lectionary, commissioned by Archbishop Friedrich around 1130. Jesus and the Archbishop are enthroned on the splendid colored cover picture, above whom "DOMNUS FRIDERICUS COLONIENSIS ARCHIEPISCOPUS" is written on an arch.
literature
- Hermann Cardauns: Friedrich I. In: General German Biography (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 535-538.
- Erich Wisplinghoff : Friedrich I. von Schwarzenburg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 511 ( digitized version ).
- Christian Hillen: Friedrich I. von Schwarzenburg (after 1070–1131), Archbishop of Cologne (1100–1131), http://www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de/persoenitäten/F/Seiten/FriedrichIvonSchwarzenburg.aspx
- Philipp Jedelhauser: The Noble Free from Schwarzenburg near Rötz, in: Negotiations of the Historical Association for Upper Palatinate and Regensburg, Volume 156 (2016), Regensburg 2017, pp. 95–124, see here pp. 95–109.
- Franz Tyroller, in: Genealogical tables on Central European history [Hgr. Wilhelm Wegener], Göttingen 1962–1969, see Plate 17 with explanations on pp. 190–201.
- Archbishop's Diocesan and Cathedral Library Cologne, Cod. 59 (Friedrich Lectionary), Fol. 1r. However, it is not a reading book for the church year, but a collection of letters mainly from the church father Jerome.
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Hermann III. from Hochstaden |
Archbishop of Cologne 1100–1131 |
Bruno II of Berg |
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Friedrich I of Schwarzenburg |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Friedrich I of Cologne |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Cologne |
DATE OF BIRTH | around 1075 |
DATE OF DEATH | October 25, 1131 |
Place of death | Wolkenburg Castle |