Wallring tunnel
| Wallring tunnel | |
|---|---|
 North portal of the Wallring tunnel
|
|
| use | Road tunnel |
| place | Hamburg |
| length | 550 m |
| Number of tubes | 2 |
| construction | |
| start of building | 1963 |
| completion | 1966 |
| business | |
| release | 20th October 1966 |
| Coordinates | |
| North portal | 53 ° 33 ′ 15 ″ N , 10 ° 0 ′ 12 ″ E |
| South portal | 53 ° 33 ′ 0 ″ N , 10 ° 0 ′ 23 ″ E |
Map with all coordinates: The Wallringtunnel is a road tunnel in downtown Hamburg as part of the Glockengießerwall , Steintorwall and Klosterwall as part of Ring 1 at Hamburg Central Station .
history
The first plans for the Wallring tunnel go back to the time of National Socialism. After the war, the tunnel was to become part of a complex traffic concept for the inner ring, which included several tunnels and high bridges at all important intersections. The expansion of Hamburg into a car-friendly city led to a high volume of traffic, especially because before the construction of the New Elbe Tunnel, all traffic from the south to the western part of the city had to be routed through the city center and, above all, over the Wallring . In 1963, around 52,000 vehicles per day were counted on the eastern part of the ring, plus many trams that jammed traffic on the radial roads crossing.
The construction from 1963 to 1966 was completed six months earlier than planned, although complicated geological conditions and the underground supply lines laid earlier caused problems.
Raves have been taking place in the Wallring Tunnel since the mid-1990s , until no more permits were granted due to the accident at the Love Parade in 2010 .
On the occasion of the tempo limit project for the Hamburg Architectural Summer 2003, the writing WALLFAHRT in 70 centimeter high orange letters by the Hamburg artist Pfelder was affixed over the driveways. In 2005 the installation was bought by the Körber Foundation .
Building
The Wallring Tunnel, construction of which began in 1963, runs through an approximately ten meter high terminal moraine hill between the Alster and Elbe and passes under the intersections at Georgsplatz and Spitalerstrasse , Mönckebergstrasse and Steinstrasse . The hill enabled short ramps of only 130 and 140 meters at the entrances. However, it was necessary to demolish some buildings and set them back 200 meters to make room for the north ramp.
The tunnel itself is a frame structure that is open at the bottom and stands above the water table and therefore did not have to be closed at the bottom. It consists of two tunnel tubes with two lanes each. The central building houses supply systems, a service corridor and an escape route. At the southern end it becomes wider, offers space for the operations center, which is no longer in use, and served as a ramp for the tram lines that drove from the city center towards Norderelbbrücke and Rothenburgsort . The ramp has been used as a bus lane since the tram was closed until it was demolished in 2015 as part of a renovation.
The top-down or open construction was used with auxiliary bridges that had to carry entire crossings. It leads directly past the Steintorwall underground bunker next to the main station and crosses three underground tunnels, where it is only separated from the old ring line, now the U3 , by a 22 centimeter thick reinforced concrete ceiling. The underground line downtown - Berliner Tor , today used by the U2 and U4 lines , began at the same time in a 21-meter-deep excavation at Georgsplatz with the construction of the track apron for the Hauptbahnhof-Nord station. Two pedestrian tunnels run directly above the tunnels, connecting the main train station with Spitalerstrasse and Mönckebergstrasse.
In order to get the drivers' eyes used to the different light conditions when driving in and out of the tunnel, the Wallring tunnel was fitted with additional lights at the ends of the light strips above the lanes, which automatically responded to the light conditions outside the tunnel and adjusted accordingly. The brightness in the tunnel was improved by a white wall design. Since the traffic in each tube only flows in one direction, there is an even movement of air in them. The jet fans installed in wall niches work without their own ventilation ducts and only start when the pollutant density in the tunnel is too high. The ceilings were given a sound-absorbing cladding to reduce noise.
Extensive reconstruction of the tunnel began in September 2014 and lasted until June 2018. In addition to the renewal of the technology and the installation of structural fire protection, the roadways were completely renewed and provided with a continuous slot channel on the edge of the roadway. This is used for drainage and the removal of flammable liquids in the event of an accident. The north ramp was raised in order to create additional turning options at the Ferdinandstor to the Ballindamm and the Outer Alster. The bus ramp at the south exit was demolished to allow additional lanes.
Individual evidence
- ↑ For the plans for a wall ring without crossing, see Sven Bardua, Gert Kähler : Die Stadt und das Auto. How traffic changed Hamburg. Dölling and Galitz Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86218-030-1 , p. 48 ff.
- ↑ Biography Pfelder on the Pfelder homepage
- ^ "Pilgrimage" on the Pfelder homepage , accessed on November 30, 2012.
- ↑ Ursula Herrndorf: “Pilgrimage” will stay at the tunnel until 2010 . In: Hamburger Abendblatt dated August 11, 2005, accessed on November 30, 2012
- ↑ mopo.de: Finally! Wallring tunnel completely refurbished But: next closure in October. Retrieved July 13, 2018 .
- ↑ Repair and retrofitting of the Wallring tunnel ( Memento from July 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on lsbg.hamburg.de, accessed on July 14, 2015
literature
- Sven Bardua: Under the Elbe, Alster and the city. The history of tunnel construction in Hamburg. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Munich and Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86218019-6 , pp. 90–93, 181.
- Ulrich Alexis Christiansen: Hamburg's dark worlds. The mysterious underground of the Hanseatic city , Ch. Links Verlag Berlin, 3rd exp. 2015 edition, ISBN 978-3-86153-837-0 , pp. 134 ff.
