Deelbrugge watermill
The Deelbrügge watermill is located at the intersection of the Lune and the road from Beverstedt to Stubben in the Deelbrügge district. It was first mentioned around 1500 in the “ Vörder Register ” of the then Archbishop Johann Rohde from Bremen.
geography
Over a distance of 6 km there are three water mills between Stemmermühlen via Beverstedtermühlen to Deelbrügge - a sign of the abundance of water on the Lune. The road crosses the Lune between Beverstedt and Stubben. Deelbrügge is above all Hof Schmidt in the curve. Until 1991, the farmer was also the owner of the water mill and the mill pond attached to it. The mill has an undershot water wheel , in which the water wheel with the blades on the underside is immersed in the water. It was not driven directly by the Lune, but by a side arm, the water level of which could be better regulated. After flowing through the water it fell into the mill pond. Today the water level is not so high that it can be operated with water. The mill has been powered by electricity since 1948. It was in operation until 1950.
history
In the Vörder Register it says: “At Beverstedt there is a mill on the river on which the Beverstedter mill is located and is called Tho der Deethbrugge . It belongs to the castle men of Lunenberge. ”The name Deelbrügge probably has nothing to do with a bridge. In an old Beverstedt school chronicle it is explained as “Deele im Bruch” - “Parts in the Bruch”, that is, cultivated land in the lowlands. Another interpretation is: deel = moist and brügge = break, swamp (after H. Bahlow)
“The narrower area around today's courtyard is an ancient settlement area. This is proven by the prehistoric discoveries made there. ... On the highest point of the small ridge beyond the Lune there were three Bronze Age burial mounds and in the direction of Adelstedt a large stone grave from the Younger Stone Age. "
The thirlage practiced for the 195 farmers who these landlords bemeiert were the landlords of Altluneberg out. The farmers were obliged to have their grain ground in the Deelbrügger stately mill. The Heerstedter Mühlenweg indicates that the Heerstedter drove to Deelbrügge with their grain here.
In 1984 the mill was bought by Dr. Meyer-Brunck, a milling specialist from the North Lower Saxony University of Applied Sciences in Buxtehude, has been classified as worthy of preservation. The owner (Lüke Schmidt), the home keeper (Hans Mindermann), the district of Cuxhaven, the Beverstedt local history association and the Beverstedt community united in an effort to preserve the mill. In April 1991 the now listed watermill Deelbrügge on a plot of 1300 m 2 was sold for the symbolic value of DM 1 to the municipality, which undertook to restore the cultural monument and keep it accessible to the public.
In 1904 a miller's house was added to the mill building. It was torn down. The actual mill house built in 1850 and the machine house built in 1934 remained standing.
On 1st / 2nd In July 1995, the water mill, which had been restored for more than DM 400,000, was opened to the public. The roof structure had been repaired, the framework preserved, the compartments re-bricked and the windows and doors renewed. The funds for this came from the EC , the district of Cuxhaven, the mill council and the Volksbank. In the machine house, the Öko-Lunekring set up a natureum for 20,000 DM from a single donation, which depicts the fauna and flora of the Luneniederung, including the geest, moor and heath.
On June 3, 2019, after many years of inactivity of the waterwheel, a new system was opened to the public. A pump in the form of an Archimedean screw lifts water over 1.50 meters from the Lune and flows into a stream to the mill. The mill wheel can again be operated with water power from the Lune. It then flows through the mill pond and improves the ecology of this stagnant body of water. Shrubs such as hawthorn and rowan grow along the creek . In addition, a meadow orchard with apple , pear and plum trees was laid out between Lune and the brook to the mill . The whole project cost 300,000 euros, which are financed with EU funds, state funds and the nature conservation foundation of the district of Cuxhaven as well as a share of the Beverstedt home association.
"In addition to otters , pond bats and bitterlings , insects and amphibians should also receive additional, valuable habitats along the open channel , the pond and the oxbow ."
Events over the centuries
(after Giesela Tiedemann, see literature)
- around 1500 first documented mention in the Vörder Register
- 1524 The brothers Christoffer and Sebastian de Bicker (called von Luneberg) sold the mill to the vicar of the Church of St. Ansgar in Bremen
- 1534 Johann Ahrendes became the miller in Deelbrügge
- 1664 Lüder Ahrens is the new miller
- 1806 Claus Döscher took over the mill
- 1816 Döscher buys the Elfershude watermill and closes it for reasons of competition
- 1833 Marie Döscher continued to run the farm and the mill after the death of her son and took over from them
- 1848 Johann Christian Döscher supports the road running past the mill with money and material
- 1863 Johann Friedrich Müller, owner of a manor from Freschluneberg, buys the mill for his son
- 1903 Sale to the Börger family after Müller's death, extension of a residential building to the mill building
- 1927 Purchase of the mill by the merchant Reinhard Schmidt from Bremen
- 1936 The water storage rights are sold to the "Wasserverband Mittlere Lune" and the mill is operated with a generator.
- 1992 Transfer of the mill by Lüke Schmidt to the municipality of Beverstedt
- 2019 Renaturation of the course of the Lune and connection of the water wheel via a new branch of the Lune
- 2019 The watermill becomes a monument in the district of Cuxhaven.
Influence of the inauguration of the Geestebahn
On January 23, 1862, the Geestebahn from Bremen to Geestemünde was opened - with the station responsible for the Beverstedter area in Stubben.
“The traffic on the new road to Stubben train station became livelier and livelier, and Döscher alone still had to maintain the road bridges. Understandably, in 1863 Döscher applied ... to relieve him of the maintenance of the road bridges. "
Otherwise, Döscher threatened to sell his mill yard. After the rejection of his application, he carried out this threat, sold the Mühlenhof to the manor owner Müller in Freschluneberg and "moved to Beverstedt as a wealthy man". Even the new owner could not pass the maintenance of the bridges on. He also got competition from windmills: 1858/59 in Bokel, 1864 in Appeln and 1867 in Heerstedt.
Activities at the monument
The mill group of the Beverstedt Heimatverein has taken on the tradition and maintenance of the Deelbrügge watermill. The water drive was restored and the mill stream was designed in such a way that grinding with water power is possible again.
At the moment the function of the grinders and the cleaning devices for the grain can be demonstrated - with electric power and by hand or with water drive from the Lune . This happens mainly on the two important days: Mill Day on the second day of Pentecost of every year and the "Open Monument Day" on the second Sunday in September. Group tours can be registered with the Heimatverein at any time.
literature
- Hans Mindermann: The watermill in Beverstedt-Deelbrügge , undated (1983), printed as a manuscript and published by the Heimatverein der Samtgemeinde Beverstedt
- Heimatverein der Samtgemeinde Beverstedt eV: Festschrift 25 Years 1979 - 2004, Beverstedt 2004, pp. 71–79 (The Deelbrügge Watermill)
- Samtgemeinde Beverstedt: Wassermühle Deelbrügge , Flyer ed. 2011
- Giesela Tiedemann: Wind and water mills between Elbe and Weser , 2009, ISBN 978-3-931771-47-8
Web links
- Watermill Deelbrügge on the website of the Beverstedt local association
- Leaflet from the Stade Regional Association about mills in the Cuxhaven district (with map)
- Watermill Deelbrügge on the Nds side. Mühlenstrasse
- Watermill Deelbrügge on the website of the German Milling Society (DGM)
- Bicycle tour through the municipality of Beverstedt with a visit to the Deelbrügge watermill
Individual evidence
- ↑ Like the Deelbrügger Mühle, the watermills in Elfershude , Beverstedtermühlen , Stemmermühlen , Ahe (district of Beverstedt- Kirchwistedt ), Appeln , Frelsdorfermühlen , Hosermühlen (district of Loxstedt- Bexhövede and Gackau in the area are constructed as undershot watermills (Hans Mindermann,. see literature, p. 2)
- ↑ Hans Mindermann, see literature, p. 1
- ↑ Hans Mindermann, see literature, p. 3
- ↑ Heimatverein Beverstedt, see literature, p. 73
- ↑ Heimatverein Beverstedt, see literature, p. 75
- ↑ Heimatverein Beverstedt, see literature, pp. 77–79
- ↑ Jens Gehrke, Water March - and the bike is running, in: Nordsee-Zeitung from June 4, 2019
- ↑ Hans Mindermann, see literature, p. 13
Coordinates: 53 ° 25 '32.6 " N , 8 ° 47' 40.11" O