Frelsdorf
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Frelsdorf
Frellsdorp ( Low German ) municipality Beverstedt
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| Height : | 14 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 25.29 km² | |
| Residents : | 633 (November 20, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 25 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | November 1, 2011 | |
| Postal code : | 27616 | |
| Area code : | 04749 | |
Location of Frelsdorf in Lower Saxony |
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 Frelsdorf in the municipality of Beverstedt
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Frelsdorf ( Frellsdorp in Low German ) is a village in the unified municipality of Beverstedt in the district of Cuxhaven in Lower Saxony .
geography
location
In the north, the upper reaches of the Geeste largely form the local border. The many individual farmsteads and scattered settlements that are spread over the local area are striking . Furthermore, there are forests , moor areas and fish ponds with wide fields and pastures .
Local division
- Expelled
- Frelsdorf (main town)
- Frelsdorfermühlen
- Thebüe
Neighboring places
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Köhlen ( City of Geestland ) |
Geeste (river) | Hipstedt - Heinschenwalde district ( Rotenburg district ) |
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Geesteneth (unitary community Schiffdorf ) |
.svg)
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Hipstedt (Rotenburg district) |
| Wollingst | Appeln |
Basdahl (Rotenburg district) |
(Source:)
history
Tool finds have shown that the Frelsdorf area was already settled in the Neolithic Age. A bronze sword and an ax from a later time were found in a plowed burial mound in 1963. About a dozen barrows , especially in the Frelsdorfermühlen district, indicate this early settlement. Around 1910, 36 burial mounds, 1 destroyed stone grave and an urn cemetery could still be counted in the municipality. Today there are 3 well-preserved burial mounds near the Frelsdorf - Heinschenwalde hiking trail , the largest, with the name Bickersberg, is located directly on the path not far from the municipal boundary.
In 1264, Frelsdorf was first mentioned as Fridlestorpe in a document from Archbishop Hildepold von Bremen. The spelling of the place name has often changed: 1280: Vrilestorpe, in the Swedish times: Frillstorff, 1768: Freelsdorff.
The plague drastically reduced the population around 1627. In the legend of the gravedigger of Frelsdorf it is reported that Frelsdorf did not have its own cemetery at that time. The gravedigger Hinrich Bock had to bring the bodies of the plague victims without a coffin on a cart to the Beverstedt cemetery 10 kilometers away . He himself was cut by his fellow men and was the last victim of the plague. The monument created in his memory is no longer preserved today.
A specialty of Frelsdorf was the old Brinkgenossenschaft. In contrast to the neighboring communities, where the sheep stables belonged to the farm property , a Brink cooperative with a common flock of sheep , a shepherd , sheep stalls and grain barns was operated in Frelsdorf from the middle of the 17th century until the middle of the 20th century . This separation of farm buildings concentrated in one place from residential buildings was unique in northern Germany. A remnant of this facility can still be visited today as an open-air museum.
The moor meadows around today's Frelsdorfer Mühlenbach were often under water, also due to deliberate damming, and a chain of lakes formed. So a watermill could be operated in Frelsdorfermühlen. From 1859 to 1933 a gallery Dutch windmill was added on Geestenether Strasse. Around 1900 there was still an attempt to breed carp and tench by flooding around one square kilometer of moorland meadows . The company was abandoned because of its lack of profitability. Also at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the introduction of artificial fertilizers caused major upheavals. The heathland became arable land and sheep farming on the Brink became superfluous. The Bremerhaven-Bremervörde railway line was opened on May 1, 1899 . Frelsdorf received a train station about one kilometer from the village center.
A memorial in the town center reminds of the fallen soldiers of Frelsdorf in the First World War . The names of those who died in World War II can be read on additional stone tablets .
At the end of the Second World War (for Frelsdorf on May 4, 1945) the war front ran on the outskirts of Frelsdorf. The community of Hipstedt , east of Frelsdorf, was already occupied by the Scottish 51st (Highland) Division , at that time Frelsdorf was still held by the Wehrmacht and the Volkssturm .
After the end of the war, Frelsdorf had to take in many refugees and displaced persons . The "Bei den Fortwiesen" settlement was created, the "Am Bahnhof" settlement expanded.
After the Second World War, mechanization in agriculture increasingly replaced the labor of people and horses. Milk production was now favored on many farms. The road to Appeln was paved in the 1950s, other road connections expanded, and a rainwater sewer system was created in the town center. A cemetery chapel was built in 1968 and a fire station in 1972. In the 1970s, the monument to the fallen soldiers of the First and Second World Wars, which is centrally located in the village, was redesigned. Two food retailers closed their sales outlets during this time, and classes at the elementary school were also discontinued due to the low number of school-age children in Frelsdorf. Until 1976, two teachers taught first to fourth grade students in two classrooms.
Explanation of the place name
The place name contains the old Saxon first name Frithila (today Friedel) and is an "l-formation" to "frithu" for "peace". In 1264, Frelsdorf was first mentioned as Fridlestorpe in a document from Archbishop Hildepold von Bremen. The spelling of the place name has often changed. The part of the place name "Fried-" is based on the Germanic "frithu-", Old High German "fridu" for "peace, protection" and was combined with the Old High German belittling addition "-ilo" to "Fridilo". The place name is already documented in this form in 926. The name also appears in the sources in the forms Fritilo, Frittilo, Frithelo, Friedelo and Fredelo. The suffix "-ilo" weakened over time to "-el" due to the unstressed position in the wording.
Incorporations
On April 1, 1929, the previously independent municipality of Frelsdorfermühlen was incorporated into the municipality of Frelsdorf. In 1971 the municipality of Frelsdorf became one of the nine member municipalities of the integrated municipality of Beverstedt .
On November 1, 2011, Frelsdorf lost its independence and has since been a place in the unified municipality of Beverstedt.
Population development
Before the incorporation of Frelsdorfermühlen
| year | 1753 | 1850 | 1900 | 1910 | 1925 |
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Resident of Frelsdorf |
583 (30 fireplaces) |
234 | 400 | 338 | 490 |
| Inhabitants of Frelsdorfermühlen |
- | 56 | - | 61 | 50 |
| source |
After the incorporation of Frelsdorfermühlen
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¹ as of December 31st
politics
City council and mayor
Since the new formation of the Beverstedt municipality, the Frelsdorf municipality has been represented by the Beverstedt municipal council.
Mayor
The mayor of Frelsdorf is Gerhard Hillmann ( CDU ). The term of office runs from 2016 to 2021.
coat of arms
The design of the municipal coat of arms of Frelsdorf comes from the heraldist and coat of arms painter Albert de Badrihaye , who designed around 80 coats of arms in the district of Cuxhaven.
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Blazon : "In silver, a rooted green oak tree with six golden fruits , around whose trunk a golden ring hovers." |
| Foundation of the coat of arms: The old oak on the Brink is a landmark of the municipality. Meetings are said to have been held under her earlier, and the Vote Court is said to have met there. |
Culture and sights
Buildings
- Manor house in Frelsdorfermühlen, built in 1780
museum
There is an open-air museum "Frelsdorfer Brink", in which an old farm, a sheepfold, grain barns, an oven, a well and an apiary have been preserved. The museum is supposed to remind of the old Brinkgenossenschaft. In 1888 there were 23 sheep stalls and 15 grain barns on the site, which covered an area of 8.6 acres (= 2.25 hectares ). In 1870, the shepherd had to herd a flock of 982 animals, for which he received 20 thalers per year and a row table as a reward . That is, he was allowed to take turns to have a meal with the owners of the sheep (the village teacher was fed in a similar way). The last herd still had 150 sheep in 1948.
Sports
At the train station there is a sports field with a clubhouse, opposite the open-air museum "Frelsdorfer Brink" there is a gym with an attached village community center.
Associations and associations
- Choir community Frelsdorf
- Bright sound (traditional German folk songs)
- PopArt (pop songs with English / German lyrics)
- Volunteer fire brigade Frelsdorf with youth fire brigade
- TUS 08 e. V. Frelsdorf (football in the community of Frelsdorf / Appeln ) / Wollingst
- Heimatverein Frelsdorfer Brink
- Country youth in Frelsdorf
- Nature and environmental protection association Frelsdorf and Appeln
- Frelsdorf shooting club from 1949
- Cultural transport
church
There is no church building in Frelsdorf . Supporters of the Protestant denomination are looked after by the parish office in neighboring Hipstedt .
regional customs
At Pentecost , the houses inhabited by families with young girls will receive a birch tree . On Pentecost Sunday, the trees are watered by the planters and they then (usually) receive a reward.
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
Agricultural businesses shape the village. Measured by the number of inhabitants, there are still an above-average number of full-time farmers in Frelsdorf . The Volksbank eG Bremerhaven-Cuxland operates a branch in Frelsdorf. There is a general store in the town center and a wine store at the train station, where cultural events take place at regular intervals. There is a company for plumbing and heating technology , a painting company , a carpentry with a funeral home , an agricultural contractor and a civil engineering company in Frelsdorf. A café is operated in the manor house in Frelsdorfermühlen on weekends .
education
The primary school in Frelsdorf was closed in 1976. A kindergarten has been set up there today.
traffic
At the Frelsdorf train station there is a connection to the Bremerhaven – Buxtehude line of the EVB .
In Frelsdorf the district roads 40 Geemmeneth - Hipstedt and 41 Frelsdorf - Appeln meet .
People connected to the place
- Nikolaus Tietjen (1873–1924), farmer, honorary mayor of Appeln from 1900 to 1924, arranged for emergency money to be issued for the seven communities of Appeln, Frelsdorf, Frelsdorfermühlen, Meyerhof, Easter village, Wehldorf and Wollingst during the inflationary years of 1921/22 . "Söben-Dkörper rail"
Myths and legends
- Stella Castle
- In Frelsdorfermühlen, north of the railroad tracks, between the Frelsdorf and Heinschenwalde stations, there is a wood called "In den Eschen", which belongs to the Frelsdorfermühlen estate. A path leads through the forest to the "Geestmoor". On the north side of the path is a sandy peninsula that juts out into the moor. Today you can find spruce and beech trees here. On the south side, "Von den Eschen", is a narrow moor, overgrown with heather and birch. The "Geestmoor" spreads to the east and north. It is a large area of meadows, formerly marshland, which was often flooded in autumn and winter. The higher part is called Stellahoop.
- It is said that there used to be a very aristocratic court right there. But, over the years, all the men of this noble family died and there were only two women left. According to legend, they were so arrogant that they probably insulted the people of Frelsdorf all the time. They were now impoverished and ultimately so poor that they had to borrow money. However, because they were hurt so badly, the people of Frelsdorf did not want to be moved by either good or bad words. The two women were so angry that every time they went through Frelsdorf they said aloud:
- "Frelsdorf should go under, Stella should stand up!" But it was the other way around, because Frelsdorf is still a very flourishing village today and Stella no longer exists.
- The adventure of the Junker von Schwanewede
- The gravedigger of Frelsdorf
- In 1627 Frelsdorf's population was drastically reduced by the plague. At that time Frelsdorf did not have its own cemetery. The grave digger Heinrich Bock had to bring all plague victims with a cart and without coffins to the cemetery in Beverstedt, 10 km away. Then he was avoided by the population. Heinrich Bock was the very last victim to be killed by the plague. However, his monument no longer exists today. At some point the stone was smashed and used for building purposes.
literature
- Samtgemeinde Beverstedt, Heimatbund der Männer vom Morgenstern (ed.): The Samtgemeinde Beverstedt in the present and past . tape 11 . Bremerhaven 1983 (special publication).
- Fritz Hörmann, Ude Meyer, Christian Morisse, Eberhard Nehring, Irmgard Seghorn, Egon Stuve, Else Syassen: Wesermünde field names collection - the field names of the property tax cadastre from 1876 . Ed .: Kulturstiftung der Kreissparkasse Wesermünde (= new series of special publications by the men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund an Elb- und Wesermuende eV Volume 27 ). Men from Morgenstern Verlag, Bremerhaven 1995, ISBN 3-931771-27-X , p. 8 ([ digitized version ( memento of October 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive )] [PDF; 431 kB ; accessed on October 23, 2019]).
Web links
- Link catalog on Frelsdorf at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Information about Frelsdorf. In: Website of the municipality of Beverstedt. November 20, 2019, accessed November 21, 2019 .
- ↑ Overview map of the Cuxhaven district. In: cuxland-gis.landkreis-cuxhaven.de. November 2016, accessed December 11, 2019 .
- ^ Jürgen Udolph (research): The "place name researcher". In: Website NDR 1 Lower Saxony . Archived from the original on December 2, 2016 ; accessed on March 24, 2018 .
- ^ Fritz Hörmann, Ude Meyer, Christian Morisse, Eberhard Nehring, Irmgard Seghorn, Egon Stuve, Else Syassen: Field names collection Wesermünde - The field names of the property tax cadastre from 1876 . Ed .: Kulturstiftung der Kreissparkasse Wesermünde (= new series of special publications by the men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund an Elb- und Wesermuende eV Volume 27 ). Men from Morgenstern Verlag, Bremerhaven 1995, ISBN 3-931771-27-X , p. 8 ([ digitized version ( memento of October 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive )] [PDF; 431 kB ; accessed on October 23, 2019]).
- ^ Law on the reorganization of the Beverstedt community, Cuxhaven district. In: Lower Saxony Regulations Information System (NI-VORIS). February 17, 2011, accessed March 23, 2018 .
- ^ Law on the reorganization of the Beverstedt community, Cuxhaven district . In: Niedersächsische Staatskanzlei (Ed.): Niedersächsisches Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt (Nds. GVBl.) . No. 5/2011 . Hanover February 17, 2011, p. 61 , p. 3 ( digitized version ( memento from September 26, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 155 kB ; accessed on September 26, 2018]).
- ↑ Ulrich Schubert: Community directory Germany 1900 - Geestemünde district. Information from December 1, 1910. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de. January 5, 2020, accessed January 18, 2020 .
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Wesermünde district ( see under: No. 26 ). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b Statistisches Bundesamt Wiesbaden (ed.): Official municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany - 1957 edition (population and territorial status September 25, 1956, for Saarland December 31, 1956) . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1958, p. 192 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Lower Saxony State Administration Office (ed.): Municipal directory for Lower Saxony . Municipalities and municipality-free areas. Self-published, Hanover January 1, 1973, p. 47 , Wesermünde district ( digitized version ( memento from August 7, 2019 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 21.3 MB ; accessed on June 3, 2020]).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Community directory - archive - regional structure - annual editions - Lower Saxony. (All politically independent municipalities in EXCEL format). In: Destatis website. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on November 15, 2019 .
- ↑ Information about Frelsdorf. In: Website of the municipality of Beverstedt. November 16, 2016, archived from the original on March 25, 2018 ; accessed on November 21, 2019 .
- ^ The mayor of the Beverstedt community. In: Website CDU community association Beverstedt. Retrieved May 25, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Landkreis Wesermünde (Ed.): Coat of arms of the Landkreis Wesermünde . Grassé Offset Verlag, Bremerhaven / Wesermünde 1973, ISBN 3-9800318-0-2 .
- ↑ a b c Eberhard Michael Iba (Ed.): Hake Betken siene Duven. The saga of the Elbe and Weser estuaries (= special publications by the men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund at the Elbe and Weser estuaries . Volume 16 ). 3. Edition. Men from Morgenstern Verlag, Bremerhaven 1999, ISBN 3-931771-16-4 .
Appeln | Beverstedt (with Easter Village and Wehldorf ) | Bokel | Frelsdorf | Heerstedt | Hollen (with Heise ) | Kirchwistedt (with Ahe , Altwistedt , Horst and Stemmermühlen ) | Lunestedt (with Freschluneberg and Westerbeverstedt ) | Stump | Waves | Wollingst