Munich's water supply

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The water supply of Munich is mainly since 1883 by spring water from the Mangfalltal guaranteed. The Munich tap water is therefore of excellent quality. The supply system is operated by Stadtwerke München .

The Munich municipal drainage system takes care of the wastewater management with the Munich sewer system .

Extraction area

In contrast to many other cities, Munich is almost exclusively supplied with spring water. The water comes from two source areas in the Mangfall valley and the Loisach valley . Groundwater from the Munich gravel plain is only used in exceptional cases . The extraction rate in all areas is only a fraction of the new formation rate. The origin of the water differs depending on the location in Munich.

Mangfall Valley

The Reisacher Wasserschlössl is the entrance to one of the three springs in the Mangfall valley

The majority of Munich's tap water - 3,400 liters per second and thus 80 percent of the demand - comes from the Mangfall valley around 40 kilometers away in the Thalham area . Three spring sources (the Reisacher version, the Gotzinger hillside source version and the Mühlthaler source version) collect the water. Then it is transported to Munich through an underground pressure pipe. The difference in height creates enough pressure to supply higher floors with water. On the whole way, no additional energy expenditure by pumps is necessary.

In order to maintain the quality of the drinking water, Stadtwerke München is buying land in the source area and leasing it to farmers under water protection requirements. Despite these measures, nitrate and pesticide levels rose over the decades. In the long term, it was foreseeable that the limit values ​​of the Drinking Water Ordinance would be reached. In order to convince the neighboring farmers of organic farming, the Stadtwerke München founded the organic farmers initiative in 1992 together with the associations Bioland and Naturland . Agricultural businesses in the catchment area of ​​water production can commit to protecting the soil and water as well as animal welfare and in return receive financial support from Stadtwerke München. As a result, according to their own statement, the “largest contiguous ecologically managed area” in Germany was created.

When there is peak demand, groundwater from wells near Thalham is added.

Loisach Valley

Another source area is the Loisach valley around Garmisch-Partenkirchen . From there, around 2,500 liters of water are pumped per second.

Gravel plain

In the event of high demand and during maintenance work, groundwater is also pumped from wells in the Munich gravel plain. The performance limit is 5,600 liters of water per second.

history

The obelisk in Mühlthal commemorates the construction of the Munich water supply in 1881/1883.

In 1872, 400 people from Munich died in a typhus epidemic caused by contaminated water. Therefore, starting in 1879, it was considered to supply Munich with pure water from the Mangfall valley. The people of Munich have been getting drinking water from there since 1883.

By 2008, the water was first fed into three elevated tanks in Deisenhofen (built 1881–1883), Kreuzpullach (built 1933–1936) and In Forstenrieder Park (built 1964–1965), which together held 300 million liters of water. In June 2008 a new underground pressure water pipeline was put into operation. The entire supply network of Stadtwerke München is around 3,200 kilometers long today.

Water quality

The pollutant content is “far below the permissible limit values”. The water hardness , on the other hand, is high at 16.6 ° dH. The water quality is so high that the municipal utilities use the M-Wasser brand to advertise drinking tap water instead of mineral water.

When it comes to improving water quality, Stadtwerke München pursues the motto: “Foresighted water protection makes more sense than extensive cleaning and treatment.” Normally, Munich's drinking water can be used untreated. Chlorine is only added to the water on a few days a year.

Water samples are examined in the laboratory every day. In order to identify possible drinking water poisoning early on, aquariums are also supplied with water from the source areas. The fish living in it are checked regularly. In addition, all accesses to wells and water tanks are electronically secured. With these two measures, the Stadtwerke responded to threats of assassination at the Olympic Games in Munich in 1972 .

consumption

In 2003, an average of 315 million liters of water were used in Munich every day. That was about 230 liters per head. Of this, 128 liters were actually used in the household, the rest by trade and industry.

business

Munich's water supply is in municipal hands - like most of the water supply in Germany. The service is provided by Stadtwerke München GmbH .

Others

  • 125 public wells in Munich are supplied with drinking water.
  • The M-Wasserweg is a cycle path that leads from Gmund am Tegernsee to Munich via 20 stations with information on drinking water production.

  • Signpost of the M waterway

  • Information board of the M waterway

literature

  • Christian Ude (Ed.): Sources for Munich. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 3-446-41457-6 .
  • Stadtwerke München (Hrsg.): One hundred years of Munich water supply. 1883-1983. Self-published, Munich 1983.
  • Stadtwerke München (Hrsg.): M / Wasser - First-class natural product directly from the source self-published, Munich 2016.
  • Johannes Bähr, Paul Erker: NetzWerke. The history of Stadtwerke München. Piper Verlag, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-492-97731-9 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Martin Thurau, Philipp Wolff: A toast to Mangfall and Loisach. In: Süddeutsche.de . Süddeutscher Verlag , May 11, 2010, accessed on February 3, 2013 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e drinking water production. In: Stadtwerke München . Accessed May 31, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Leo Frühschütz: Control is everything. In: Schrot & Korn natural food magazine . bio verlag, accessed on February 3, 2013 .
  4. ↑ a b Drinking water protection. In: Stadtwerke München . Retrieved February 3, 2013 .
  5. ↑ a b c Munich water supply in the Mangfall valley. (PDF) Profiles for effective WFD implementation. In: wrrl-info.de. GRÜNE LIGA eV, December 2007, accessed on February 3, 2013 .
  6. ^ Gerhard Merkl: drinking water tank. Planning, construction, operation, protection and repair . Oldenbourg Industrieverlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-486-63064-4 , p. 34 .
  7. ↑ Munich drinking water analysis values. (PDF) Status: January 2017. Stadtwerke München , January 2017, accessed on July 24, 2017 .
  8. ↑ Marc Steinhäuser: Everything in the flow. The water business hardly brings any profit. In: Süddeutsche.de . Süddeutscher Verlag , May 17, 2010, accessed on February 3, 2013 .
  9. ↑ List of Munich's municipal fresh water wells. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: muenchen.de. City of Munich, Building Department, September 2011, formerly in the original ; Retrieved February 3, 2013 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.muenchen.de
  10. ↑ M-waterway. In: Stadtwerke München . Retrieved February 13, 2018 .