Vasily Jakowlewitsch Tschitschagow
Vasily Chichagov ( Russian Василий Яковлевич Чичагов ., Scientific transliteration Vasilij Jakovlevic Čičagov * February 28 jul. / 11. March 1726 greg. ; † 4 jul. / 16th April 1809 greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian admiral and polar explorers . His son Pavel Wassiljewitsch Tschitschagow was also an admiral.
As the captain of the Russian fleet, Vasily Tschitschagow undertook two expeditions to the Arctic in 1765 and 1766 with the aim of finding a way across the North Pole to East Asia . On May 20, 1765, Chichagov sailed with three ships and a crew of 178 according to the instructions of Mikhail Wassiljewitsch Lomonossow, who had died a month earlier, to Spitsbergen , where a pre-expedition in Bellsund was madehad already built a small settlement of ten farmhouses and a bathhouse. The ice conditions were difficult, so that Tschitschagows ships could only approach the settlement within seven kilometers. On August 3, the squadron reached a latitude of 80 ° 26 ′ north in the north of Svalbard. Compact ice forced Chichagov to turn back. The ships arrived in Arkhangelsk on August 31st . On the orders of the Admiralty, Chichagov repeated his attempt the following year. Again he was initially unable to reach the base in Bellsund, where eight of the fifteen wintering men had died of scurvy . In the fight against the ice, Chichagov reached 80 ° 30 ′ north on July 28, 1766 and then had to give up. On the way back, the ships picked up the men in Bellsund and were back in Arkhangelsk on September 21.
From 1773 to 1775 Tschitschagow commander of the Don - Flotilla . During the Swedish-Russian War , he became Commander-in-Chief of the Baltic Fleet . He defeated the Swedes in 1789 off the Swedish island of Öland and on May 2, 1790 again in the Battle of Reval and on May 27 at the Bay of Vyborg .
Tschitschagow was promoted to admiral for his services , and the Tschitschagow Island in Alaska was named after him.
Web links
- Short biography (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ^ Karl H. Salzmann: The fight for the North Pole , Part 1: From the beginnings to the year 1882 (= Die Kosmos-Bibliothek, Volume 200), Stuttgart 1958, pp. 36–41
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tschitschagow, Wassili Jakowlewitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Čičagov, Vasilij Jakovlevič; Чичагов, Василий Яковлевич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian admiral and polar explorer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 11, 1726 |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 16, 1809 |
| Place of death | St. Petersburg |