White stag (Jöhstadt)

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Weißer Hirsch , known under the name Berghof since the 20th century , is a group of houses today consisting of several buildings in the Erzgebirgskreis ( Free State of Saxony ) on the border with the Czech Republic . While the restaurant known as "Berghof" belongs to the town of Jöhstadt , the former forester's house is located in the corridor of the municipality of Königswalde . Up until the middle of the 20th century, the Bohemian settlement "White Deer" was located directly on the Czech side, the corridor of which today belongs to the district of Černý Potok (Pleil-Sorgenthal) in the municipality of Kryštofovy Hamry (Christophhammer).

geography

The group of houses Weißer Hirsch is located on the ridge of the Middle Ore Mountains on the border with the Czech Republic . While the inn, now known as the "Berghof", belongs to Jöhstadt, the forester's house is located west of the Conduppelbach on Königswalder Flur. The houses on the Bohemian side were demolished after 1945. The group of houses is on the connecting road from Jöhstadt to Kühberg .

history

Königswalde, forester's house Weißer Hirsch
Jöhstadt, Berghof (White Deer)
Scheme of the Weißer Hirsch station planned in 1912 for the never-realized narrow-gauge railway between Jöhstadt and Weipert
Berghof near Jöhstadt with Bärenstein mountain
Jöhstadt, signpost at the Berghof (White Deer)

The inn and holiday home on the road from Jöhstadt to Kühberg , known today as the “Berghof”, was known as the “White Deer” until the middle of the 20th century. The name probably came from the forester's house located about 300 meters to the west and was only later transferred to the inn. A coal kiln was originally operated on the site of the inn.

It is documented that the Jöhstädter forester Christian Ebert was the founder of the White Deer. In 1657 Ebert was employed as an electoral forester in Jöhstadt. At that time he was already the owner of two properties in Jöhstadt. With the approved request for the surrender of the forest called "Stockholz", which lies on the Saxon-Bohemian border, Ebert became the owner of the parcel around the later White Deer. On March 23, 1662, the chief forest manager Hans Ernst Römer, with the assistance of neighboring forest officials and the city judge of Jöhstadt, determined the boundaries of the property. In the certificate made, the Conduppelbach and the Bleyensteig (Grenzweg) border on two sides. Ebert built a restaurant with a smithy on this corridor and named the property "White Deer". This name was first documented in 1664, when Andreas Ries leased the inn. Ebert also leased the inn at a later time. The freight traffic on the nearby trade routes promised earnings through retreats, post-tensioning and blacksmithing. In earlier times a road led from Königswalde to the Bohemian Kaaden . It was mentioned in “Schumann's Ortlexikon” from 1818, but was already received by that time. The Preßnitzer Pass also led across the Saxon border . This salt road, coming from Halle (Saale) , crossed the state border at Kühberg and led via Weipert-Grund and Pleil-Sorgenthal to Kaaden on the Bohemian side past the Weißer Hirsch. The white stag's livestock were only created for their own needs.

After Christian Ebert died in 1686, the estate was not divided up until 1691. Daughter Anna Sophie took over the inn from the three male and four female heirs. She was married to Theodor Ernesti in Jöhstadt, who later became pastor in Arnsfeld and Grumbach . Until 1762 only direct descendants of Ebert owned the white stag. In that year Johann Andreas Weber from Kleinrückerswalde bought the inn , his wife Johanna Concordia nee. Ebert came from a sideline of the Ebert family. Weber's daughter married a German immigrant from Moravia named Langhammer, who was then followed by two generations named Langhammer. Friedrich Jonathan Langhammer is proven to be the owner of the Gasthof Weißer Hirsch around 1861. In 1876 the last owner of the aforementioned Langhammer family died. The widow managed the business until 1883. After two fires, the inn was reopened on November 4th, 1906.

From an administrative point of view, the White Deer was subordinate to the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Selva as a single piece of land until 1835 . Only then was he subordinated to the city of Jöhstadt. Around 1850 there was an extensive peat cut near the inn, which at that time sold well to public institutions and private households in the Annaberg area. It was only after the Annaberg – Weipert railway line was opened in the 1870s that the demand for peat as fuel fell sharply, as Bohemian coal could be brought in cheaply. When the peat cut began, the peat house was demolished in 1885. Friedrich Zeeh, the last peat master, died in Kühberg in 1890 at the age of 89.

In a table sheet from 1912, a distinction was made between the forester's house west of the Conduppelbach and the “Weißer Hirsch” inn on the east bank of the stream. The name “White Deer” was also carried over to the neighboring houses on the Bohemian side in the valley of the Conduppelbach and at the height above the Blechhammer in Weipert-Grund. These belonged to the municipality of Pleil-Sorgenthal. Only 30 meters behind the Saxon border was the forester's house in the Weipert area on the Bohemian side, directly across from the Saxon inn "Weißer Hirsch". At that time there was a road between the Saxon and the Bohemian side that continued to Weipert. Around 1912 there were well-advanced plans to extend the narrow-gauge railway Wolkenstein – Jöhstadt across the Saxon-Bohemian border to Weipert station . This project envisaged a train station each in Pleil and in the Bohemian settlement “White Deer”. The "Weißer Hirsch" train station would have been a little south of the Bohemian forester's house. Because of the First World War and the political changes after the war, the project did not get beyond a design plan.

Around 1932/38 the designation "White Deer" was also used for the forester's house and the restaurant on the German side and the settlement around the Bohemian forester's house on the Czech side. After German troops occupied the Sudetenland and with it the municipality of Pleil-Sorgenthal with the Bohemian White Deer in October 1938, it was incorporated into the Preßnitz district in the Reichsgau Sudetenland on October 10, 1938 . After the end of the Second World War , Czechoslovakia was re-established in 1945 within the borders from the time before the Munich Agreement , which now also included the Bohemian part of the White Deer. Between 1945 and 1946 the German-Bohemian population was expelled and the houses were completely demolished due to their proximity to the state border.

The Saxon side of the White Deer also suffered from the historical developments. Due to the construction of the railway lines in the area and the construction of new roads, more and more guests stayed away in the first half of the 20th century. In 1939 the Bohring family took over the country inn, which was given the rustic Erzgebirge furnishings and the name "Berghof". On a hiking map from 1957, only the name "Berghof" appears for the restaurant. At present the Berghof exists as a single building in the Jöhstädter Flur, in which an inn is operated. The forester's house is in the corridor of Königswalde.

tourism

The Berghof (Weißer Hirsch) is affected by a supraregional or regional hiking or cycling path:

Web links

Commons : Weißer Hirsch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Bohemian settlement Weißer Hirsch on deutschboehmen.de
  2. ↑ The White Stag on a map of the Preßnitz school district
  3. ^ Website of the Erzgebirge-Vogtland ridge trail
  4. ^ Map of the Annaberger Landring

Coordinates: 50 ° 30 '5.1 "  N , 13 ° 3' 36.9"  E