Soft yolk blubber

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Soft yolk blubber
Soft yolk blubber (Russula intermedia)

Soft yolk blubber ( Russula intermedia )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Soft yolk blubber
Scientific name
Russula intermedia
P.Karst.

The soft yolk-deafness ( Russula intermedia , syn .: Russula lundellii , Russula mesospora ) is a species of fungus from the family of deaf relatives (Russulaceae). It is also called Prachttäubling , Lundell's Täubling , Magnificent Birken Täubling or Crimson Birch Täubling . It's a fairly large, fleshy blubber with an orange-red hat and yolk-yellow spore powder. It tastes quite hot and often bitter.

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is 6–16 cm wide and has little grooves on the edge. The larger forms are similar in appearance to the white-blubers. The hat skin is shiny, almost greasy and can be peeled off up to a third. The hat is bright orange to brick red, but sometimes also pink and wine red and very fleshy. In old age the hat seldom discolors and then only slowly turns copper-red to ocher-yellow.

The lamellas have grown and are neither crowded nor far away. They are very evenly colored yellow, without an orange tinge. The spore powder is yolk yellow.

The stem is rather short and robust, 5–6 cm long and 2–3 cm wide. It is whitish, unchanged even with age and sometimes tinged with pink. It is cylindrical in shape and spongy. The flesh is whitish, quite firm to almost hard and has a weak, fruity smell that may also be reminiscent of fermenting fruit. The meat tastes piquant to spicy and sometimes bitter.

Microscopic features

The spores are almost spherical, are no longer and wider than 6.5–8.5 × 6–7 µm. They have almost isolated, 0.7–1 μm high, thorny warts. The cystids are up to 100 µm long and up to 10 µm wide and have a blunt or appended tip. Pileocystides are very rare. They are narrow, cylindrical, often multiple septates and react with sulfovanillin.

ecology

The soft yolk-deafblings are like all deafblings a mycorrhizal fungus that enters into a symbiotic partnership with various birch species .

This fungus can be found in birch quarries and birch bog forests , bog birch quarries and gray willow bushes. Sometimes it can also be found in coniferous forests under birches, on lake and pond banks, and in birch groves and parks. It occurs on dry as well as on moist and preferably acidic loam or clay soils.

The fruiting bodies appear from early summer to early autumn. The Täubling prefers the hill to middle mountain country.

distribution

European countries with evidence of finding of the soft yolk-taubing.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The soft yolk hornbill occurs in Europe and possibly also in North America (USA). In Great Britain the species is most common in Scotland and is very rare in England and Wales. In Poland the species is considered extinct or lost.

    In Germany it is seldom and widely spread, without the main areas of distribution being recognizable. On the German Red List, it is listed in the risk category RL2.

    Systematics

    Inquiry systematics

    The soft yolk-deafening is placed in the Maculatinae (Urentinae) subsection, a subsection of the Insidiosinae (Subgenus Insidiosula ). The representatives of the Maculatinae usually have red, yellow, or purple hats. They taste hot and have a yellow spore powder. The meat of the hat tends to brown or turns rusty brown.

    Subspecies and varieties

    • Russula intermedia f. mesospora ( Singer ) Bidaud , Moënne-Locc. & Reumaux The shape, which was also described as a separate species ( Russula mesospora ), is smaller than the type and only medium-sized. The hat is 5–9 cm wide and colored red to almost orange. At the edge the hat is brick-red to brown-red. The middle is sometimes faded orange to ocher yellow, with a more or less strong greenish tinge, or it is copper-colored. The hat is rarely spotted reddish. When it dries up, it can sometimes take on a rosewood color. The cap skin (cuticle) is smooth and shiny. Half of it is removable and has a smooth edge. The lamellae are more or less dense and they are almost bulbous. The stem measures 5–8 (10) × 1.5 (2.5) cm, is cylindrical to slightly clubbed and quite firm. It is pure white and almost unchangeable even in old age. The meat is white, odorless and almost spicy. The guaiac reaction is positive. The meat turns orange with iron sulfate. The phenol reaction is lively but not reddish black. The spore powder tends to be lighter than the type. The spores measure 7–9 × 6–7 µm and are covered with thorny, more burr-like and sometimes slightly reticulate warts. The cylindrical pileocystidia are 4–6 (8) µm wide and almost never septate. They only stain slightly with a sulfbenzaldehyde reaction. The shape is often found in acidic locations in the grass, especially under birch and spruce trees .

    meaning

    Due to its pungent and often bitter taste, the soft yolk-deaf is classified as inedible.

    literature

    Individual evidence

    1. ^ Synonyms of Russula intermedia. P. Karst., Meddn Soc. Fauna Flora fenn. 16:38 (1888). In: Index Fungorum / speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved March 19, 2012 .
    2. ^ A b c d German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 584.
    3. ↑ a b under The Russulales Website ( Memento from May 11, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
    4. ↑ Russula lundellii ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) at www.rogersmushrooms.com
    5. ^ Basidiomycota Checklist-Online - Russula intermedia. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved September 19, 2012 .
    6. ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Russula lundellii. Retrieved on June 9, 2012 (Täubling very rare :).
    7. ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula intermedia. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
    8. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula intermedia. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
    9. ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Russula intermedia. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved September 19, 2012 .
    10. ^ A b Grid map of Russula intermedia. In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Archived from the original on December 24, 2012 ; accessed on September 19, 2012 (English).
    11. ↑ NMV Verspreidingsatlas online: Russula intermedia. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved September 19, 2012 .
    12. ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved September 19, 2012 .
    13. ↑ Red List of Large Mushrooms in Poland . In: grzyby.pl . Retrieved September 1, 2011.

    Web links

    Commons : Soft yolk-deaf ( Russula intermedia )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files