Willow-leaved sunflower
| Willow-leaved sunflower | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg)
Willow-leaved sunflower ( Helianthus salicifolius ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Helianthus salicifolius | ||||||||||||
| A.Dietr. |
The Willowleaf sunflower ( Helianthus salicifolius ) is a daisy family from the genus of sunflower . The natural range is in the United States.
description
The willow-leaved sunflower is a perennial , herbaceous plant that reaches a height of 150 to 250 centimeters and more. The stem axis stands upright, is green or reddish and hairless. The stalkless or almost stalkless leaves grow alternately on the stem axis. The leaf blade is linear to lanceolate-linear, 8 to 21 inches long and 0.2 to 1.2 inches wide. The leaf base converges to a point, the leaf margins are slightly finely sawn to almost entire. The underside of the leaf is hairless and shows point-like glands.
_4x3.jpg)
6 to 15 or more flower heads are formed per plant. The peduncle is 2 to 6 inches long. The involucre is bell-shaped and has a diameter of 10 to 18 millimeters. The 40 to 50 bracts are linear to lanceolate-linear, 12 to 20 millimeters long and 1.8 to 2 millimeters wide. The edge is ciliate, the underside is hairless and shows no glands. The chaff leaves are 8 to 10 millimeters long, with entire or weakly triple teeth. The 10 to 20 ray-florets are 28 to 35 millimeters long. The more than 50 tubular flowers have a 5.5 to 6 millimeter long corolla with reddish crown lobes. The anthers are dark. 4 to 6 millimeters long, hairless achenes are formed as fruits.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 34.
The willow-leaved sunflower blooms at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn.
Distribution and ecology
The natural range of the willow-leaved sunflower is in the United States in the east of the state of Kansas, in the west of Missouri, in the east of Nebraska, in the east of Oklahoma and in Texas. There it grows in the prairie on calcareous subsoil at heights of 100 to 300 meters. The main area of distribution is the Ozark Plateau .
Systematics
The Willowleaf sunflower ( Helianthus salicifolius ) is a daisy family from the genus of the sunflower ( Helianthus ). It was first described by Albert Gottfried Dietrich in the Allgemeine Gartenzeitung in 1834 . The specific epithet salicifolius comes from Latin and means "willow-leaved". Synonyms of the species are Helianthus filiformis Small and Helianthus orgyalis DC.
Helianthus salicifolius hybridizes with Helianthus grosseserratus M. Martens . The hybrids are similar to Helianthus kellermanii Britton , and the taxon also hybridizes with both species. Cytological studies also suggest that Helianthus kellermanii is a cross between the two species.
use
The species is used as an ornamental plant and occasionally also grows wild outside of its natural range.
swell
literature
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 21: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 8: Asteraceae, part 3 (Heliantheae, Eupatorieae). Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2006, ISBN 0-19-530565-5 , pp. 165 (English).
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 551 (reprint from 1996).
Individual evidence
- ↑ German name after the great zander: Encyclopedia of plant names . quoted from Helianthus salicifolius on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Illustration from NLBritton, NL Bown, A. Brown: An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions , Vol. 3, 1913, p. 479.
- ↑ a b c d e f Edward E. Schilling: Helianthus salicifolius in Flora of North America , Volume 21.
- ↑ Helianthus salicifolius in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Helianthus salicifolius. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved September 13, 2014 .
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names p. 551.
- ↑ Helianthus salicifolius. In: The Plant List. Retrieved September 13, 2014 .
- ↑ a b Robert W. Long Jr .: Hybridization Between the Perennial Sunflowers Helianthus salicifolius A. Dietr. and H. grosseserratus Martens . In: American Midland Naturalist . tape 54 , no. 1 , 1955, pp. 61-64 , doi : 10.2307 / 2422177 .
