Vineyard house
Up until the beginning of the 20th century, a vineyard house or vineyard cottage was a small building in a vineyard in viticulture .
In contrast to the winegrower's house , it was not used for residential purposes, to accommodate the wine press or to store the wine barrels , but to store tools for the cultivation of the vineyard. It was also used to watch the vines and provided protection from storms . That is why it is often referred to as a guard house. It often consisted of a cellar or basement and an upper floor with a room. The owner often held wine societies here.
The greatest number of vineyard houses were built in the 18th century. In the 18th and 19th centuries in particular, in addition to purely functional buildings, there were also representative and residential buildings that stood above economic interests and were therefore also called Lusthaus or Belvedere .
The boundary between the useful and the representative buildings is fluid, however, since the more decorative buildings mostly also contained functional rooms; conversely, simple buildings were often furnished with decorative elements or placed in particularly effective places in the landscape.
The construction of vineyard houses came to a standstill after 1910 due to phylloxera .
Vineyard houses in the German wine-growing regions (examples)
The Fürstenhäusle in Meersburg in the Baden wine-growing region
Vineyard house in Kleinblittersdorf , Moselle wine-growing region
Bubenhäuser Höhe vineyard cottage in Rauenthal , Rheingau wine-growing region
Trullo in Flonheim made of Flonheim sandstone , Rheinhessen wine region
Weinberghaus Kleiningersheim , Württemberg wine-growing region
_Weinbergh%C3%A4usschen_Bubenh%C3%A4user_H%C3%B6he_01.jpg)
literature
- Wolfgang Bickel: Vineyard houses: Urformen der Baukunst in southwest Germany , Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft , Worms, 1st edition 1987: ISBN 978-3-88462-051-9 , 2nd edition 2002: ISBN 978-3-88462-177-6
- Anne-Dominique Zufferey-Périsset: Guérites. Ces cabanes in les vignes. 2nd Edition. Editions du Musée valaisan de la Vigne et du Vin, Sierre-Salquenen 2008
