World day of peace

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

With World Peace Day , Day of Peace and Anti-War are Observances referred that to the world peace make reference. The Roman Catholic Church celebrates on January 1 the World Day of Peace . In Germany is on September 1 of the Anti-War committed. The United Nations (UN) proclaimed the International Day of Peace on September 21st .

September 1st (anti-war day)

Never again war, poster for the Central German Youth Convention 1924, chalk and brush lithograph (transfer) by Käthe Kollwitz

background

After the November Revolution of 1918/19 in Germany, the two most important pacifist peace organizations at the time , the German Peace Society (DFG), co-founded by Bertha von Suttner , and the Bund Neues Vaterland (BNV), launched a campaign under the slogan "Never again war" The aim was to keep personal memories of the atrocities of war alive through annual mass rallies on August 1st, the day World War I began, and to activate people to implement a lasting peace policy. The idea for an anti-war day had arisen in England as early as 1845.

The anti-war day after the end of the Second World War

For the first time in the Soviet occupation zone on September 1, 1946 a "World Day of Youth" was celebrated. Since the beginning of the 1950s, September 1st has been referred to as "Day of Peace" or "World Peace Day" in the German Democratic Republic , on which the public was called in meetings and rallies to stand up for world peace.

In the Federal Republic of Germany this day was celebrated every year as "Anti-War Day". It commemorates the beginning of the Second World War with the German invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939 . The West German initiative for this memorial day came from the German Trade Union Federation (DGB), which first called for action on September 1, 1957 under the motto “Never again war”.

The "Antimilitarist Action 1957" was an amalgamation of the socialist youth Die Falken , the nature lovers youth , the youth of the Rad- und Kraftfahrerbund Solidarity and the group of opponents of military service . After the introduction of compulsory military service in July 1956 and the first recruitment of soldiers in April 1957, these four youth organizations had allied to fight against conscription and the militaristic endeavors in the Federal Republic.

At the Federal Congress of the DGB in 1966 an application was accepted,

“'… To do everything possible so that September 1st is commemorated in a dignified manner as a day of confession for peace and against war.' Even today, the DGB is calling for rallies and events on the occasion of the World Day of Peace and organizing events on September 1st. "

Anti-war day in reunified Germany

Even after the end of the Cold War, there are annual events on the occasion of Anti-War Day on September 1st to commemorate the victims of all wars and to remind them that there is still war in many countries around the world today.

2014 was a year of particular historical importance for the anti-war and peace movement: the First World War began 100 years ago, and the Second World War 75 years ago. The political leisure association NaturFreunde Deutschlands sees a creeping remilitarization of foreign policy:

“'The Trumpists have taken the world stage and reactionary nationalism is taking hold in many countries. At the same time, everything is being upgraded ', says the NaturFreunde federal chairman Michael Müller. 'But we mustn't forget how successful the détente policy of the 1970s was. It is high time the peace movement raised its voice again. '"

September 1, 2019 marks the 80th anniversary of the attack on Poland. Anti-War Day demands are:

  • Disarmament instead of armament, no increase in military spending to two percent of economic output
  • serious efforts to relax with Russia
  • the withdrawal of the decision to purchase armed drones; no drone missions worldwide
  • the withdrawal of the US atomic bombs stationed in Büchel and the signing of the UN Treaty on Nuclear Weapons
  • no reintroduction of compulsory military service and other compulsory service
  • a policy that does not rely on the military to solve problems

January 1st (Catholic World Day of Peace)

The St. Peter's Basilica in Rome

Since 1968 the Catholic Church has been celebrating a "World Day of Peace" around the world. This is January 1st, the Solemnity of Our Lady. The celebration is connected annually with a world peace message published in advance by the Pope , which discusses a specific topic in more detail. In some places, such as in German communities, the World Day of Peace is celebrated flexibly within the first few weeks of the year.

This memorial day came about when Pope Paul VI. - after his visit to the United Nations in New York on October 4, 1965 and the related encyclical Christi matri rosarii of September 15, 1966 - on December 8, 1967, in view of the worldwide tensions, he again addressed the rulers around the world with a message of peace with a message of peace declared New Year's Day to be World Day of Peace.

As a result, the feast of Mary 's motherhood was moved from October 11th to January 1st. As early as 1963, Pope John XXIII. on the occasion of the Cuba crisis with his last encyclical on peace on earth addressed to all people of good will all over the world (cf. Pacem in Terris ). To this day, the incumbent Pope issues annually messages in which current conflicts of justice (in addition to war and displacement, also environmental degradation ) are discussed, often with a view to concrete events of the present day.

Chronicle of the messages for the World Day of Peace

Pope Paul VI

  • 1) 1968: January 1st: World Day of Peace
  • 2) 1969: Human Rights, the Way to Peace
  • 3) 1970: Education for Peace through Reconciliation
  • 4) 1971: Everyone is my brother
  • 5) 1972: If you want peace, work for justice
  • 6) 1973: Peace is possible
  • 7) 1974: Peace depends on you too!
  • 8) 1975: Reconciliation, the road to peace
  • 9) 1976: The Real Weapons of Peace
  • 10) 1977: If you want peace, defend life
  • 11) 1978: No to violence, yes to peace

Pope John Paul II

  • 12) 1979: To get to peace, educate for peace
  • 13) 1980: The Truth, Power of Peace
  • 14) 1981: To serve peace, respect freedom
  • 15) 1982: Peace: God's gift entrusted to man
  • 16) 1983: The Dialogue for Peace: A Demand for Our Time
  • 17) 1984: Peace springs from a new heart
  • 18) 1985: Peace and Youth, Traveling Together
  • 19) 1986: Peace, Value without Frontiers North-South, East-West: One single peace
  • 20) 1987: Development and Solidarity: Two Keys to Peace
  • 21) 1988: Freedom of religion, condition for peaceful coexistence
  • 22) 1989: To make peace, respect minorities
  • 23) 1990: Peace with God the Creator, peace with all creation
  • 24) 1991: If you want peace, respect everyone's conscience
  • 25) 1992: The believers united in building peace
  • 26) 1993: If you want peace, come to meet the poor
  • 27) 1994: Peace for the human family grows out of the family
  • 28) 1995: The woman: educator for peace
  • 29) 1996: Let's prepare a peaceful future for the children!
  • 30) 1997: Offer forgiveness, receive peace
  • 31) 1998: Peace for all grows out of the justice of the individual
  • 32) 1999: The secret of true peace lies in respect for human rights
  • 33) 2000: "Peace on earth to people whom God loves"
  • 34) 2001: Dialogue between Cultures for a Civilization of Love and Peace
  • 35) 2002: No peace without justice, no justice without forgiveness
  • 36) 2003: Pacem in terris : A permanent task
  • 37) 2004: A task that is always topical: educating people for peace.
  • 38) 2005: Do not let yourself be conquered by evil, but defeat evil with good.

Pope Benedict XVI

  • 39) 2006: There is peace in the truth
  • 40) 2007: Man - Heart of Peace
  • 41) 2008: The human family, a community of peace
  • 42) 2009: Fight poverty, create peace
  • 43) 2010: If you want to promote peace, keep creation
  • 44) 2011: Religious Freedom, A Path to Peace
  • 45) 2012: Educate young people in justice and peace
  • 46) 2013: Blessed are the peacemakers

Pope Francis

  • 47) 2014: Fraternity - Foundation and Path of Peace
  • 48) 2015: No longer servants, but brothers
  • 49) 2016: Overcome indifference and achieve peace
  • 50) 2017: Nonviolence: Style of Politics for Peace
  • 51) 2018: Migrants and Refugees: People in Search of Peace
  • 52) 2019: Good politics are in the service of peace
  • 53) 2020: Peace as a way of hope - dialogue, reconciliation and ecological conversion

September 21 (UN World Day of Peace)

Non-Violence Sculpture in front of the United Nations (UN) Headquarters in New York City

The annual meetings of the United Nations General Assembly take place in September. On September 21, 1981, the day of the General Assembly at that time, the General Assembly announced:

"This day should be officially named and celebrated as the International Day of Peace and should be used to observe and strengthen the idea of ​​peace both within countries and peoples as well as between them."

On November 30, 1981, this day was declared the "International Day of Peace" in UN resolution 36/67. It is said to be a day of armistice and non-violence.

Following a campaign by Jeremy Gilley and the Peace One Day organization, the UN General Assembly unanimously passed resolution 55/282 on September 7, 2001. According to this, the World Day of Peace is to be celebrated every year worldwide on the same day, September 21, from 2002 onwards. However, the day has received relatively little public attention to this day; The fact that the General Assembly was at the same time on issues such as the ratification of the Paris climate protection agreement and the fair distribution of the costs for the world's refugees attracted somewhat more attention in 2016: the then Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, recalled the 17 goals adopted in 2015 sustainable development (sustainable development Goals) as building blocks for peace. They are a shared perspective for humanity and a social contract between governments and peoples.

Since 2004, the World Council of Churches (WCC) has called on all churches to make September 21 an International Day of Prayer for Peace “as an opportunity to share the power of churches and denominations to testify to the many forces in the global movement for peace and justice to add ”.

Web links

Commons : World Day of Peace  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ August 1 as anti-war day , accessed on August 8, 2019
  2. ↑ Focus online: Anti-War Day , accessed on August 8, 2019
  3. ^ New Germany , August 25, 1946.
  4. ↑ Verdi: September 1: Anti- War Day , accessed on August 8, 2019. The "Group of Conscientious Objectors eV" mentioned in the Verdi article was actually called the Group of Conscientious Objectors (GdW) and was a forerunner of the Association of Conscientious Objectors .
  5. ↑ DGB Federal Board: The History of Anti-War Day , accessed on August 8, 2019
  6. ↑ nordkurier: Anti-war day and many are going ... , accessed on August 8, 2019
  7. ↑ Oberhausen Memorial Hall: event on September 1 , accessed on August 8, 2019
  8. ↑ Friends of Nature: We are fighting a new cold war , accessed on August 8, 2019
  9. ↑ Verdi: Demands on Anti-War Day 2019 , accessed on August 8, 2019
  10. ↑ World Days of Peace Messages on the World Day of Peace under Pope John Paul II , accessed on August 8, 2019.
  11. ↑ World Days of Peace Messages for the World Day of Peace under Pope Benedict XVI. , accessed on August 8, 2019.
  12. ↑ World Days of Peace Messages on the World Day of Peace under Pope Francis , accessed on August 8, 2019.
  13. ↑ Address to the United Nations (October 4, 1965) , available in Italian
  14. ^ Message for the Celebration of the World Day of Peace 1968, (October 4, 1965) , available in English
  15. ^ Encyclical PACEM IN TERRIS (1963) ( Memento of December 6, 2006 in the Internet Archive ).
  16. ^ Message for the celebration of World Day of Peace 1990 (December 8, 1989) , English text version
  17. ↑ Burkhard Jürgens, Agathe Lukassek: Praying for the planet. Summary on the website of the Catholic Church in Germany. January 7, 2015, accessed June 25, 2016 .
  18. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate a “DAY OF PEACE” (January 1st, 1968). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1967, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  19. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the “Day of Peace” “HUMAN RIGHTS, THE PATH TO PEACE” (January 1, 1969). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1968, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  20. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. in celebration of the “Day of Peace” “EDUCATION TO PEACE THROUGH RECONCILIATION” (January 1st, 1970). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. November 30, 1969, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  21. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the “Day of Peace” “EVERYONE IS MY BROTHER” (January 1st, 1971). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. November 14, 1970, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  22. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the World Day of Peace "IF YOU WANT PEACE, WORK FOR JUSTICE" (January 1, 1972). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1971, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  23. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the World Day of Peace "PEACE IS POSSIBLE" (January 1, 1973). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1972, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  24. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the World Day of Peace “PEACE ALSO DEPENDS ON YOU!” (January 1, 1974). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1973, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  25. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the World Day of Peace "Reconciliation, the way to peace" (January 1st, 1975). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1974, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  26. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the World Day of Peace "THE REAL WEAPONS OF PEACE" (January 1, 1976). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. October 18, 1975, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  27. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the World Day of Peace “IF YOU WANT PEACE, DEFEND LIFE” (January 1st, 1977). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1976, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  28. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope Paul VI. to celebrate the World Day of Peace "NO TO VIOLENCE, YES TO PEACE" (January 1, 1978). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1977, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  29. ↑ Message of His Holiness Pope John Paul II on the celebration of the World Day of Peace “IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE PEACE, EDUCATE TO PEACE” (January 1, 1979). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1978, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  30. ↑ Message of His Holiness Pope John Paul II for the celebration of the World Day of Peace "THE TRUTH, FORCE OF PEACE" (January 1, 1980). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1979, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  31. ↑ Message of His Holiness Pope John Paul II on the celebration of the World Day of Peace "TO SERVE PEACE, RESPECT FREEDOM" (January 1, 1981). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1980, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  32. ↑ Message of His Holiness Pope John Paul II on the celebration of the World Day of Peace "PEACE: GOD'S GIFT, INTO PEOPLE" (January 1, 1982). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1981, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  33. ^ Message of His Holiness Pope John Paul II on the celebration of the World Day of Peace "THE DIALOGUE FOR PEACE: A DEMAND TO OUR TIME" (January 1, 1983). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1982, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  34. ^ Message of His Holiness Pope John Paul II on the celebration of the World Day of Peace "PEACE COMES FROM A NEW HEART" (January 1, 1984). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1983, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  35. ^ Message from His Holiness Pope John Paul II on the celebration of the World Day of Peace "PEACE AND YOUTH, TOGETHER ON THE ROAD" (January 1, 1985). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1984, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  36. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of the XIX. World Peace Day "PEACE, VALUE WITHOUT BORDERS NORTH-SOUTH, EAST-WEST: A SINGLE PEACE" (January 1st, 1986). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1985, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  37. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of XX. World Peace Day "DEVELOPMENT AND SOLIDARITY: TWO KEYS TO PEACE" (January 1, 1987). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1986, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  38. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of the XXI. World Day of Peace "FREEDOM OF RELIGION, CONDITIONS FOR PEACEFUL LIFE TOGETHER" (January 1st, 1988). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1987, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  39. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of the XXII. World Day of Peace "TO CREATE PEACE, RESPECT MINORITIES" (January 1st, 1989). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1988, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  40. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of XXIII. World Peace Day "PEACE WITH GOD THE CREATOR, PEACE WITH WHOLE CREATION" (January 1st, 1990). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1989, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  41. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II to celebrate the XXIV World Day of Peace "IF YOU WANT PEACE, RESPECT THE CONSCIENCE OF EVERYONE" (January 1, 1991). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1990, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  42. ^ Message from POPE JOHANNES PAUL II on the celebration of XXV. World Day of Peace "THE BELIEVERS UNITED IN BUILDING PEACE" (January 1, 1992). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1991, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  43. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of XXVI. World Peace Day "IF YOU WANT PEACE, COME TO MEET THE POOR" (January 1st, 1993). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1992, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  44. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of XXVII. World Peace Day "PEACE GROWS FROM THE FAMILY FOR THE HUMAN FAMILY" (January 1st, 1994). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1993, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  45. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of XXVIII. World Peace Day "THE WOMAN: EDUCATOR FOR PEACE" (January 1, 1995). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1994, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  46. ^ Message from POPE JOHN PAUL II on the celebration of XXIX. World Day of Peace, WE PREPARE A PEACEFUL FUTURE FOR THE CHILDREN! (January 1, 1996). (No longer available online.) In: iupax.at. December 8, 1995, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  47. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_08121996_xxx-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  48. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_08121997_xxxi-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  49. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_14121998_xxxii-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  50. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_08121999_xxxiii-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  51. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20001208_xxxiv-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  52. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20011211_xxxv-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  53. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20021217_xxxvi-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  54. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20031216_xxxvii-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  55. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/messages/peace/documents/hf_jp-ii_mes_20041216_xxxviii-world-day-for-peace_ge.html
  56. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20051213_xxxix-world-day-peace_ge.html
  57. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20061208_xl-world-day-peace_ge.html
  58. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20071208_xli-world-day-peace_ge.html
  59. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20081208_xlii-world-day-peace_ge.html
  60. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20091208_xliii-world-day-peace_ge.html
  61. ↑ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20101208_xliv-world-day-peace_ge.html
  62. ↑ http://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/de/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20111208_xlv-world-day-peace.html
  63. ↑ http://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/de/messages/peace/documents/hf_ben-xvi_mes_20121208_xlvi-world-day-peace.html
  64. ↑ http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/de/messages/peace/documents/papa-francesco_20131208_messaggio-xlvii-giornata-mondiale-pace-2014.html
  65. ↑ http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/de/messages/peace/documents/papa-francesco_20141208_messaggio-xlviii-giornata-mondiale-pace-2015.html
  66. ↑ http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/de/messages/peace/documents/papa-francesco_20151208_messaggio-xlix-giornata-mondiale-pace-2016.html
  67. ↑ http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/de/events/event.dir.html/content/vaticanevents/de/2016/12/12/messaggio-pace.html
  68. ^ Message for the World Day of Peace 2018 in full . ( archive.org [accessed January 21, 2018]).
  69. ↑ 52nd World Day of Peace 2019: Good politics is in the service of peace | Francis. Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
  70. ↑ 53rd World Day of Peace 2020: Peace as a path of hope - dialogue, reconciliation and ecological conversion | Francis. Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
  71. ↑ UN Resolution 36/67
  72. ↑ RESOLUTION 55/282. (PDF; 30.0 kB) In: un.org. September 7, 2001, Retrieved June 25, 2016 .
  73. ↑ We have no time to lose , tagesschau.de: UN General Assembly for the Ratification of the Paris Climate Protection Agreement, September 21, 2016, accessed on September 22, 2016.
  74. ↑ Let us all work together to help all human beings achieve dignity and equality; to build a greener planet; and to make sure no one is left behind, Ban Ki-moon in 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.