Werner Schwarze (Spain fighter)
Werner Arno Schwarze (born February 24, 1907 in Dresden , † July 3, 1975 in Berlin ) was a German KPD functionary, resistance fighter against National Socialism and parachutist on duty for the OSS .
Life
Schwarze came from a working-class family. He completed a commercial apprenticeship and worked as an office clerk. In 1921 he became a member of the SAJ . In 1929 he joined the KPD and from 1933 participated in their “illegal” resistance work. To avoid persecution by the Gestapo , he emigrated to Czechoslovakia .
From 1936 to 1938 he fought in the ranks of the International Brigades in Spain . Schwarze was sent by the KPD leadership in Spain as an agent in the international group of the POUM militia , to which many Germans belonged. His first wife was killed by the Nazis, his family was expelled from France and murdered in Auschwitz .
In 1939/1940 he was involved in the work of the KPD foreign leadership in Belgium . From 1940 to 1945 he stayed in France : from internment in Castres he fled with Heinz Priess , Ernst Buschmann and 34 others. After successfully escaping, he joined the Resistance in Toulouse . After participating in the liberation of France, he was trained for a parachute mission by the OSS, which took place in the area east of the Rhine still occupied by the Wehrmacht . In 1945, after a stay in Switzerland, he worked from there to southern Germany for the Free Germany Movement .
On June 13, 1945 he was elected to the state executive committee of the newly constituted KPD in Saxony and was head of the cadre department until 1946. In April 1946 he was a member of the mandate review commission at the unification party convention of the KPD and SPD in Berlin and was then head of the cadre department of the SED state executive committee until 1949 . In 1949, blacks got problems with the Central Party Control Commission of the SED, like other former “Western emigrants” at that time. He was relegated from his full-time party functions and then worked from 1949 to 1950 as managing director of the state-owned collection and purchase operations for agricultural products (VEAB) in Dresden. On December 8, 1950, he was sent to the management of the VdgB and was secretary for the organization of the VdgB central board until 1953. From 1953 to 1955 he was head of the trade inspection in East Berlin. In 1955 he became head of the main management department of the GST central board. He retained this function until he left the GST in 1968. From September 1956 to April 1964 he was also deputy chairman of the GST and from April 1964 to September 1968 a member of the secretariat of the GST central board.
Schwarze last lived as a veteran in Berlin-Treptow and died at the age of 68.
Awards
- 1956 Hans Beimler Medal
- 1957 Patriotic Order of Merit in bronze, 1967 in silver and later in gold
literature
- Dora Schaul: Resistance. Memories of German anti-fascists. Dietz-Verlag, Berlin (GDR) 1973, 2nd edition ibid. & Röderberg, Frankfurt 1975; 3rd edition Berlin 1985.
- Gabriele Baumgartner, Dieter Hebig (Hrsg.): Biographisches Handbuch der SBZ / DDR. 1945–1990 . Volume 2: Maassen - Zylla . KG Saur, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-598-11177-0 , p. 840.
- Gerd-Rüdiger Stephan, Andreas Herbst , Christine Krauss, Daniel Küchenmeister (eds.): The parties and organizations of the GDR: A manual, Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-320-01988-0 , p. 1088.
- Friederike Sattler: Economic order in transition. Politics, organization and function of the KPD / SED in the state of Brandenburg during the establishment of the central planned economy in the Soviet Zone / GDR 1945–52 . LIT Verlag, Münster 2002, ISBN 3-8258-6321-2 , p. 484.
Web links
- Christian Hermann: Blacks, Werner Arno . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography .
- INFORMATION DRAFD - December 2003, An Organized Escape from Castres Prison, pp. 18f. (PDF) ( Memento of October 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (Retrieved May 9, 2016).
Individual evidence
- ^ Karl Mewis : On behalf of the party, experiences in the fight against the fascist dictatorship. Berlin 1972, p. 151.
- ↑ Harold Hurwitz: Die Stalinisierung der SED , Westdeutscher Verlag, Opladen 1997, p. 484.
- ^ Obituary of the SED district leadership Treptow im Neues Deutschland from July 16, 1975, p. 8
- ^ Obituary of the GST Central Board in New Germany of July 10, 1975, p. 5.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Blacks, Werner |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Blacks, Werner Arno |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German communist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 24, 1907 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dresden |
| DATE OF DEATH | 3rd July 1975 |
| Place of death | Berlin |