Volutaria
| Volutaria | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Volutaria | ||||||||||||
| Cass. |
The volutaria form a genus within the subfamily of Carduoideae within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae). The distribution area of the 14 to 16 species extends mainly from the Iberian Peninsula and Macaronesia to North Africa , the Middle East and the Middle East .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Volutaria species are annual herbaceous plants that reach heights of about 50 centimeters, depending on the species. They form tap roots. In contrast to many genera of the tribe Cynareae, they are not prickly. The upright stems are branched. The alternate, basal and distributed leaves on the stem are winged-stalked or sessile and simple or divided. The leaf margins are smooth to toothed. The leaf surfaces are hairy and dotted with tiny glands.
Generative characteristics
The cup-shaped inflorescences are single or few together in branched inflorescences. The inflorescence envelope is egg-shaped with a diameter of 1 to 1.5 centimeters. The many bracts are in several rows; they are unequal and have a smooth edge and tips with curved or flattened spines. The inflorescence base is flat. The chaff leaves are bristly.
The flower heads contain many flowers . In the Carduoideae, in contrast to the other subfamilies, only tubular flowers are present. The flower colors range from mostly pink to purple, rarely yellow to yellowish or blue; inner and outer flowers can be of the same color. The tubular florets at the edge are asexual, sterile , more or less zygomorphic and enlarged. The inner tubular flowers are fertile with slender and cylindrical corolla tubes .
The more or less barrel-shaped achenes are weakly compressed and ribbed, sometimes with elaiosomes . The persistent pappus consists of several rows of many, not overgrown, narrow, white to tan-colored scales.
Systematics and distribution
The original distribution area extends mainly from the Iberian Peninsula and Macaronesia to North Africa , the Middle East to the Middle East , as well as East Africa , Ethiopia , Somalia and Yemen . Few species are invasive plants in some areas of the world .
The genus Volutaria was established in 1816 by Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini in Bulletin des Sciences, par la Société Philomatique , p. 200. Type species is Volutaria lippii (L.) Cass. ex Maire . Synonyms for Volutaria Cass. are Cyanopsis Cass. and Volutarella Cass. The botanical genus name Volutaria is made up of the Latin words voluta for twisted, spiral and - aria for possession, this refers to the spirally wound corolla lobes of the type species.
The genus Volutaria belongs to the subtribe Centaureinae from the tribe Cynareae in the subfamily Carduoideae within the family Asteraceae .
The genus Volutaria includes 14 to 16 species:
- Volutaria abyssinica (A.Rich.) C.Jeffrey : It occurs in Ethiopia .
- Volutaria albicaulis (Deflers) Wagenitz : It iswidespreadon the Arabian Peninsula .
- Volutaria belouinii (Humbert) Maire : It occurs in Morocco .
- Volutaria bollei (Bolle) A.Hansen & G.Kunkel : It only occurs in the Canaries .
- Volutaria boranensis (Cufod.) Wagenitz : It is common in East Africa , Ethiopia, Somalia and Yemen .
- Volutaria canariensis Wagenitz : It occurs only on the Canary Islands.
- Volutaria crupinoides (Desf.) Maire : It is distributed in North Africa , the Middle East and Portugal .
- Volutaria djiboutensis Wagenitz : It is common in northern East Africa.
- Volutaria lippii (L.) Maire : It is naturally widespread in North Africa and the Middle East and is an invasive plant in a few areas.
- Volutaria maroccana (Barratte & Murb.) Maire : Originally it appears only in Morocco, maybe also in Spain.
- Translucent cornflower ( volutaria muricata (L.) Maire , Syn .: Centaurea muricata L. , Amberboa muricata (L.) DC. , Volutarella muricata . F (L.) Benth & Hook.. , Cyanopsis muricata (L.) Dostál ): It is originally found in Algeria , Morocco, France and Spain , maybe also in Libya .
- Volutaria saharae (L. Chevall.) Wagenitz : It occurs in Algeria, Libya and Egypt .
- Volutaria sinaica (DC.) Wagenitz : It is common in North Africa and on the Sinai Peninsula .
- Volutaria socotrensis Wagenitz : It is endemic to Socotra .
- Volutaria tubuliflora (Murb.) Sennen : It is naturally widespread in North Africa, Spain and the Canary Islands and is an invasive plant in a few areas.
swell
- David J. Keil: Volutaria , p. 174. Text same online as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1 (Mutisieae – Anthemideae) , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2006, ISBN 0-19-530563-9 . (Section description)
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Volutaria in Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Volutaria at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). In: Werner Greuter, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae. : Volutaria at Euro + Med PlantBase - the database for vascular plants in Europe and the Mediterranean.
Map with all linked sites: