Wilson's spruce
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Wilson's spruce ( Picea wilsonii ) |
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| Picea wilsonii | ||||||||||||
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Wilson's spruce ( Picea wilsonii ) is a species of the pine family (Pinaceae). It is native to China .
description
Wilson's spruce grows as an evergreen tree that can reach stature heights of up to 50 meters and chest height diameters of up to 1.3 meters. The crown is pyramidal. The gray trunk bark peels off in irregularly shaped pieces. The hairless, rarely initially hairy twig bark is initially yellowish-green to yellowish-gray and turns light gray to brownish-gray over time.
The yellowish-brown to brown winter buds are egg-shaped and not resinous. The straight or slightly curved needles have a length of 0.8 to 1.3 centimeters and a width of 0.12 to 0.17 centimeters linear-quadrangular in shape and have a broad quadrangular cross-section. Its tip is pointed. There are four or five stomatal lines on each side of the needles .
Wilson's spruce is single-sexed ( monoecious ) and the flowering time is in April. The cones are elongated-egg-shaped with a length of 5 to 8 centimeters and a thickness of 2.5 to 4 centimeters. They are initially green in color and turn yellow-brown to light brown as they ripen in October. The seed scales are obovate and 1.4 to 1.7 inches long and 1 to 1.4 inches wide. Its base is wedge-shaped and its tip is tapered, rounded or truncated. The obovate seeds are about 3 to 4 millimeters long and have an inverted-lanceolate, light brown wing, which is 8 to 11 millimeters long.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Distribution and location
The natural range of Wilson's spruce is in China. It ranges from northeast Qinghai to Inner Mongolia. It includes the provinces of Gansu , Hebei , Hubei , Nei Mongol , Qinghai , Shaanxi , Shanxi and Sichuan .
Wilson's spruce thrives at altitudes of 1400 to 2800 meters. The species grows mainly in mountains and in river valleys.
Picea wilsonii is classified as "not endangered" in the IUCN Red List . It is pointed out, however, that a new review of the hazard is necessary.
use
Wilson's spruce is planted as an ornamental wood in China and is also used for reforestation. The wood is used as construction wood , for the manufacture of masts and furniture and for the production of cellulose .
Systematics
Picea wilsonii is assigned within the genus of the spruce trees ( Picea ) to the subgenus Picea , the section Picea , the subsection Picea and the series Smithianae .
The first description as Picea wilsonii was in 1903 by Maxwell Tylden Masters in The Gardeners' Chronicle , Series 3, Volume 33, Page 56. Synonyms for Picea wilsonii Mast. are Picea mastersii Mayr and Picea watsoniana Mast.
swell
- Christopher J. Earle: Picea wilsonii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, November 28, 2012, accessed May 25, 2013 (English).
- Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias & Robert R. Mill: Pinaceae . Picea. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Picea wilsonii , pp. 29 (English, Picea wilsonii - online - this printed work is online with the same text).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Christopher J. Earle: Picea wilsonii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, November 28, 2012, accessed May 25, 2013 (English).
- ↑ a b c d Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Thomas S. Elias & Robert R. Mill: Pinaceae . Picea. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Picea wilsonii , pp. 29 (English, Picea wilsonii - online - this printed work is online with the same text).
- ↑ a b Picea wilsonii at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed May 25, 2013.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Picea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 15, 2019.
- ↑ Picea wilsonii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2012. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Accessed May 25, 2013.
