Wiranto

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Wiranto (2018)

Wiranto (born April 4, 1947 in Yogyakarta ) is a former Indonesian general and was an unsuccessful presidential candidate of the long-standing ruling Golkar party in the 2004 election.

When's then supreme commander of the Indonesian army Tentara Nasional Indonesia accuse him of human rights organizations against the paramilitary have supported militias in the summer of 1999 in East Timor over 150,000 people in the western part of the island of displaced and killed thousands of people. Indonesia ignored a 2004 arrest warrant issued by the Special Panel for Serious Crimes (SPSC) against Wiranto, which prosecuted human rights violations in East Timor in 1999.

On July 27, 2016, Wiranto was appointed Indonesia's new security minister.

Life

Military career

General Wiranto (1998)

The Javanese was born as the son of a teacher in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta and grew up in Surakarta . He attended a military school, which he successfully completed in 1968. In Manado , located in the unrest province of North Sulawesi , which is predominantly inhabited by Christians , he served eight years as an officer in an infantry battalion from 1969 to 1976 . From 1980 Wiranto worked for five years in a Kostrad brigade, which is part of an approximately 25,000-strong "Strategic Reserve Unit of the Army", and from 1985 to 1989 in its command staff.

When ruler Suharto appointed him personal aide that same year , he was able to build a close bond with the president's wealthy family, who own multi-billion dollar companies in the country. In April 1993 he was promoted to the staff of the defense area for Greater Jakarta Kodam X / Jaya and took over the management from December 1994 ( "Pangdam Jaya" ).

Wiranto took over the leadership of the strategically important KOSTRAD units ( "Pangkostrad" ) in April 1996, with which General Suharto came to power 30 years earlier, and in June 1997 handed over the supreme command to Suharto's son-in-law, General Prabowo Subianto . In August of the same year, Wiranto took over the post of Chief of Staff .

From February 20, 1998, he was given the command ( "Pangab" ) of Indonesia's armed forces from President Suharto and was therefore also Defense Minister of Indonesia. When riots broke out in early May of that year against Suharto, who was at the time in Egypt , he sent police and navy troops to take action against the insurgents and on May 25, Prabowo Subianto dismissed the commander-in-chief of the Kopassus special unit and son-in-law of Suharto .

General Wiranto convened a council on August 3 that year to investigate allegations of the special forces' involvement in kidnapping and torture of members of the reform movement . Hearings were held until August 21st at which the public was excluded. Three high-ranking KOPASSUS officers, including Commander-in-Chief Prabowo, then lost their posts. Defense Minister Wiranto confirmed the involvement of the special forces that carried out the kidnappings in under-cover missions. On April 6, 1999, a military court sentenced eleven members of KOPASSUS to prison terms of up to 22 months for kidnapping nine pro-democracy activists.

Under the new President Habibie , Wiranto remained responsible for the military in Indonesia during the bloody climax of the East Timor conflict in September 1999. Wiranto threatened a coup d'état two days before Habibie's decision on a UN intervention group that was supposed to pacify East Timor again. President Habibie did not stand for re-election due to pressure. On October 20th, Abdurrahman Wahid succeeded him as the new President of Indonesia. Wahid dismissed Wiranto as commander in chief of the armed forces in February 2000.

Political career

On the basis of UN Resolution 1273, the interim administration of East Timor UNTAET founded the Serious Crimes Unit ( SCU ) in 1999 to investigate and investigate crimes against humanity and genocide between January 1st and October 25th. The Indonesian authorities have so far refused to support the court in East Timor, as the country has been officially called since independence.

In their capacity as superiors, General Wiranto and seven others were charged in absentia on February 23, 2003, of killings , deportations and persecutions in East Timor. A special court issued an arrest warrant on May 10, 2004.

In the first round of the presidential election on July 5, 2004, Wiranto received 22.18 percent of all votes for Golkar and was eliminated. President Yudhoyono , who won the election in the second ballot, is considered the general's protégé.

In January 2007, Wiranto founded his own political party, Hanura . In 2009 he ran as vice-president of the presidential candidate Jusuf Kalla , but he failed.

Counter-Terrorism Conference with Australian Minister Peter Dutton (2018)

In May 2007, Wiranto was questioned before the joint Indonesian-East Timorese Commission for Truth and Friendship CTF about violence in East Timor in 1999. He denied any links with the pro-Indonesian militias. The acts of violence were not human rights violations, but simple criminal offenses. "The quick courts used time and energy and it would have been clearly shown that there were no gross human rights violations," said Wiranto. He declined any responsibility for any crime under his command. Every soldier is responsible for his own actions. The general also criticized the UN for giving Indonesia responsibility for security during the independence referendum. Concerning the militias, Wiranto said they were neither formed nor founded, nor did the military equip the militias or exercise control over them.

In 2013 Wiranto announced that he would run for president again in 2014, but when his vice-presidential candidate Hary Tanoesoedibjo presented himself poorly in public, Wiranto decided to support the eventual election winner Joko Widodo as president.

In 2016, Wiranto became the coordinating minister for political, legal and security matters under Widodo. As the so-called security minister, Wiranto heads five ministries, including foreign policy, domestic policy and defense. On October 10, 2019, Wiranto was stabbed and seriously injured by Islamists in Pandeglang ( Banten province ).

literature

  • Kevin O'Rourke: Reformasi: the struggle for power in post-Soeharto Indonesia . Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin 2002, ISBN 1865087548
  • Wiranto: Dari catatan Wiranto, jenderal purnawirawan: bersaksi di tengah badai . Jakarta: IDe Indonesia 2003, ISBN 979968451X

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Special Panels for Serious Crimes: Case 05/2003 - Warrant of Arrest for Wiranto , accessed on August 2, 2019.
  2. ↑ Today: Indonesia names controversial ex-general security minister , accessed July 28, 2016.
  3. ↑ Kevin O'Rourke: Reformasi: The Struggle for Power in Post-Soeharto Indonesia ( en ). Allen & Unwin, 2002, ISBN 9781865087542 .
  4. ↑ The Guarduian: UN issues warrant for Indonesian general , May 11, 2004 , accessed July 28, 2016.
  5. ↑ SBY-Boediono Pasangan Terpilih Pilpres 2009 (id) , Ministry of Home Affairs. August 19, 2009. Archived from the original on December 17, 2016. Retrieved on December 17, 2016. 
  6. ↑ General denies E Timor violations BBC, May 5, 2007
  7. ↑ Wiranto and Hary Announce Presidential Bid , Jakarta Globe. July 3, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2017. 
  8. ↑ Wiranto dukung Jokowi-JK karena bisa mengungkapkan kebenaran , Merdeka.com. June 22, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2017. 
  9. ↑ Sri Mulyani, Wiranto Return to Cabinet as President Eager to Establish Solid Team , Jakarta Globe. July 27, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2017. 
  10. ↑ Aljazeera: Indonesia's security minister Wiranto hurt after stabbing attack , accessed October 10, 2019.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Wiranto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Indonesian general and defense minister
DATE OF BIRTH April 4, 1947
PLACE OF BIRTH Yogyakarta